PBDB Collection

Mazon Creek, USNM Lacoe Collection: Westphalian D, Illinois
collected by R.D. Lacoe, Mr. Daniels 1865-1892

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Insecta

	"Palaeodictyopteron" mazonum n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Insecta
	USNM 38831 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Palaeodictyoptera - Lithomanteidae

	Acridites priscus Andrée 1864	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Catadyesthus priscus
Insecta - Palaeodictyoptera

	Mammia alutacea n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38829 (1 measurement)

	Palaiotaptus mazonus n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38815
Insecta - Cheliphlebiidae

	Cheliphlebia carbonaria n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)
Insecta - Cnemidolestodea - Gerapompidae

	Gerapompus schucherti n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38816 (1 measurement)

	Gerapompus blattinoides n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	F.T. Bliss coll (1 measurement)

	Gerapompus extensus n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)
Insecta - Cnemidolestodea - Spanioderidae

	Dieconeura arcuata n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)

	Metryia analis n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Miamia bronsoni
	USNM 38834 (1 measurement)

	Spaniodera ambulans n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Miamia bronsoni
	USNM 38817 (2 measurements)
Insecta - Cnemidolestodea - Cnemidolestidae

	Aethophlebia singularis n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)
Insecta - Geraridae

	Gerarus mazonus n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	2 specimens
	F.T. Bliss coll, 1 uncertain (2 measurements)

	Gerarus vetus n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	(2 measurements)

	Gerarus collaris Handlirsch 1911	Burnham 1983	1 specimen
	USNM 38835

	Genopteryx constricta n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Gerarus constrictus
	USNM 38148 (1 measurement)

	Gerarus longus n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Gerarus constrictus
	USNM 38822 (1 measurement)

	Gerarus angustus n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Gerarus constrictus
	USNM 38811 (1 measurement)

	Genentomum validum n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)

	Axiologus thoracicus n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38137
Insecta - Caloneurodea - Hapalopteridae

	Endoiasmus reticulatus n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38819
Insecta - Phyloblattidae

	Etoblattina hilliana n. sp. Scudder 1895	Scudder 1895	1 specimen
	recombined as Phyloblatta hilliana
	Coll Lacoe 2070 ab (1 measurement)
Insecta - Blattodea - Archimylacridae

	Promylacris testudo Scudder 1890	Scudder 1895	1 specimen
	recombined as Metachorus testudo
	Coll Lacoe 2089a (1 measurement)

	Paromylacris triangularis n. sp. Scudder 1895	Scudder 1895	1 specimen
	recombined as Oxynoblatta triangularis
	Coll Lacoe 2110 ab (1 measurement)
Insecta - Blattodea - Mylacridae

	Paromylacris rotundum n. sp. Scudder 1885		1 specimen
	corrected as Paromylacris rotunda
	a.k.a. rotunda: R. D. Lacoe collection (1 measurement)

	Paromylacris ampla n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Mylacridae
	Lacoe 2088ab (2 measurements)

	Mylacris elongata n. sp. Scudder 1895	Scudder 1895	1 specimen
	synonym of Mylacris anthracophila
	Coll Lacoe 2014 ab ; collected by J.C. Carr (1 measurement)

	Dipeltis diplodiscus n. gen., n. sp. Packard 1885	Packard 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Mylacris diplodiscus
	USNM 38864

	Mylacris antiquum n. sp. Scudder 1884	Scudder 1884	1 specimen
	corrected as Mylacris antiqua
	Coll Lacoe 2036 (1 measurement)

	Mylacris ampla n. sp. Scudder 1895	Scudder 1895	1 specimen
	Coll Lacoe 2021 ab (1 measurement)

	Promylacris rigida n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	recombined as Orthomylacris rigida
	Lacoe 2086ab (2 measurements)
Insecta - Blattodea - Gyroblattidae

	? Archoblattina scudderi n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38105 (Blattina sp. in Scudder, 1895, pl 12, fig 5) (1 measurement)
Insecta - Paoliida - Anthracoptilidae

	Adiphlebia lacoana n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(2 measurements)

	Adiphlebia longitudinalis n. sp. (Scudder 1885)	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Adiphlebia lacoana
	USNM 38140 (2 measurements)
Insecta - Protorthoptera - Eucaenidae

	Eucaenus ovalis n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	3 specimens
	USNM 38142; 38810, 38820 mentioned by Handlirsch 1906 (2 measurements)

	Eucaenus attenuatus Melander 1903	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	synonym of Eucaenus ovalis
	USNM 38828 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Protorthoptera

	Cheliphlebia elongata n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Metacheliphlebia elongata
	L.M. Umbach coll (1 measurement)

	Danielsiella priscula n. gen., n. sp. Cockerell 1916	Cockerell 1916	1 specimen
	USNM 62000 (coll. Daniels) (1 measurement)

	Archaeologus falcatus n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38818 (1 measurement)

	Polyetes furcifer n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38823 (1 measurement)

	Pseudogerarus scudderi n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38151

	Polyernus complanatus n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	1 specimen
	(2 measurements)

	Oryctoblattina occidua n. sp. Scudder 1885
	recombined as Agogoblattina occidua
	later made the type species of Agogoblattina by Handlirsch 1906 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Protorthoptera - Anthracothremmidae

	Anthracothremma robusta n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1885	Scudder 1885	2 specimens
	(2 measurements)
Insecta - Protorthoptera

	Chrestotes lapidea Scudder 1868	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen

	Megalometer lata n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	USNM 38825 (1 measurement)

	Eucaenus rotundatus n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Protorthoptera
	USNM 38153 ("Neuropteroid Fam. Homothetidae" in Scudder, 1885) (1 measurement)
Insecta

	Megathentomum pustulatum Scudder 1868	Scudder 1868	1 specimen
	USNM 38145 (Daniels 2025) (1 measurement)
	= Megathentomum scudderi n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906

	Gyrophlebia longicollis n. gen., n. sp. Handlirsch 1906	Handlirsch 1906	1 specimen
	nomen dubium belonging to Insecta
	USNM 38150 ("near Cheliphlebia" in Scudder, 1885)
Myriapoda

	Palenarthrus impressus n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38002 (Lacoe 1821ab)
Myriapoda - Xyloiulidae

	Xylobius frustulentus n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	recombined as Xyloiulus frustulentus
	USNM PAL37995 (Lacoe 1842ab)

	Xylobius mazonus n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	2 specimens
	recombined as Xyloiulus mazonus
	USNM PAL38036 (Lacoe 1809ab, 1809cd)
Myriapoda

	? Archiulus glomeratus Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1823cd
Myriapoda - Euphoberiida - Euphoberiidae

	Euphoberia sp. Meek and Worthen 1868	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1839a

	Euphoberia anguilla Scudder 1882	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1807cd

	Euphoberia granosa Scudder 1882	Scudder 1890
	Lacoe 1805h, 1805ij, 1805kl, 1805mn

	Euphoberia simplex n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	2 specimens
	USNM PAL38024 (Lacoe 1812ab)

	Euphoberia spinulosa n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890
	USNM PAL37990 (Lacoe 1820a), Lacoe 1820cd, 1820ef, 1820gh

	Euphoberia cuspidata n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38017 (Lacoe 1814ab)

	Euphoberia hystricosa n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38025 (Lacoe 1802ab)

	Euphoberia armigera Meek and Worthen 1868	Scudder 1890	4 specimens
	USNM PAL38019, PAL38020 (Lacoe 1804cd, 1804kl)

	Euphoberia tracta n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	5 specimens
	USNM PAL37992 (Lacoe 1838ab, 1838cd, 1838ef, 1838gh, 1838ij)

	Acantherpestes major (Meek and Worthen 1868)	Scudder 1890
	"several specimens" including Lacoe 1801de; one from W.F.E. Gurley

	Acantherpestes inequalis n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	2 specimens
	USNM PAL38042 (Lacoe 1819ab, 1819cd)
Myriapoda - Pleurojulida - Pleurojulidae

	Pleurojulus cf. biornatus Fritsch 1899	Wilson and Hannibal 2005	1 specimen
	USNM 37991
Myriapoda

	Eileticus anthracinus Scudder 1882	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38004 (Lacoe 1835ab)

	Eileticus aequalis n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	2 specimens
	USNM PAL37996 (Lacoe 1836ab, 1836cd)
Myriapoda - Scutigeromorpha

	Latzelia primordialis n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38000 (Lacoe 1837ab)
Cyclida - Americlidae

	Cyclus americanus n. sp. Packard 1885	Packard 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Americlus americanus
Arachnida - Phalangiotarbida

	Protopilio depressus n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	synonym of Phalangiotarbi
	USNM 37974
Arachnida - Phalangiotarbida - Opiliotarbidae

	Architarbus elongatum n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	recombined as Opiliotarbus elongatus
	Lacoe 1702ab (from Braidwood)
Arachnida - Phalangiotarbida - Architarbidae

	Architarbus rotundatus Scudder 1868	Petrunkevitch 1913	8 specimens
	USNM1116,37962, 37969, 37980

	Geraphrynus carbonarius n. sp. Scudder 1884	Scudder 1884	1 specimen
	synonym of Architarbus rotundatus
	USNM 37961 (Lacoe 1701ab)

	Geratarbus lacoei n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1765ab (USNM 37966)
Arachnida - Ricinulei - Curculioididae

	Geratarbus scabrum n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	recombined as Curculioides scaber
	Lacoe 1766ab (USNM 37965)
Arachnida - Ricinulei - Poliocheridae

	Polyochera glabra n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	recombined as Poliochera glabra
	USNM 37981

	Poliochera punctulata n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1884	Scudder 1884	1 specimen
	USNM 37971 (Lacoe 1745)
Arachnida - Thelyphonida - Thelyphonidae

	Geralinura carbonaria n. sp. Scudder 1884	Scudder 1884	1 specimen
	USNM 37985 (Lacoe 1754a,b)

	Geralinura similis n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	synonym of Geralinura carbonaria
	USNM 37985 (other specimen of G. carbonaria Scudder)

	Geralinura gigantea n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	synonym of Geralinura carbonaria
	USNM 37976 (from Braidwood)
Arachnida - Amblypygi - Weygoldtinidae

	Graeophonus carbonarius (Scudder 1876)	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1762 (USNM 37969)
	= Graeophonus scudderi n. sp. Pocock 1911	Pocock 1911
	recombined as Weygoldtina scudderi
Arachnida - Trigonotarbida - Trigonotarbidae

	Trigonotarbus carbonarius n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	USNM 37978
Arachnida - Trigonotarbida - Aphantomartidae

	Anthracomartus pustulatus n. sp. Scudder 1884	Scudder 1884	1 specimen
	recombined as Aphantomartus pustulatus
	Lacoe 1752 (USNM 37984)
Arachnida - Scorpiones - Eoscorpiidae

	Palaeopisthacanthus mazonensis n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	1 specimen
	synonym of Eoscorpius carbonarius
	USNM 37977

	Eoscorpius typicus n. sp. Petrunkevitch 1913	Petrunkevitch 1913	2 specimens
	synonym of Eoscorpius carbonarius
	USNM 37986, 37987
Arachnida - Opiliones

	Kustarachne tenuipes n. gen., n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	Lacoe 1756ab (USNM 37967)
Xiphosura - Xiphosurida - Belinuridae

	Bellinurus lacoei n. sp. Packard 1885	Packard 1885	1 specimen
	recombined as Belinurus lacoei
unclassified

	Ilyodes elongata n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38035 (Lacoe 1829ab)

	Ilyodes divisa n. sp. Scudder 1890	Scudder 1890	1 specimen
	USNM PAL38034 (Lacoe 1830ab)
Elonichthyiformes - Elonichthyidae

	Elonichthys hypsilepis Hay 1900	Hay 1900
	USNM 4848
Haplolepidae

	Pyritocephalus comptus Westoll 1944	Westoll 1944
	USNM 4310
see common names

Geography

Country:	United States	State/province:	Illinois
Coordinates:	41.3° North, 88.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	4.6° South, 23.4° West
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	local area

Time

Period:	Carboniferous	Epoch:	Pennsylvanian
Stage:	Moscovian	10 m.y. bin:	Carboniferous 4
*Local age/stage:	Moscovian (minimum)
Key time interval:	Westphalian D
Age range of interval:	309.80000 - 307.40000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Geological group:

Kewanee

Formation:

Carbondale

Member:

Francis Creek Shale

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	concretionary,sideritic lithified mudstone
Environment:	interdistributary bay	Tectonic setting:	cratonic basin
Geology comments: Illinois basin

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	mold/impression
Size of fossils:	macrofossils

Collection methods and comments

Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:	USNM
Collectors:	R.D. Lacoe, Mr. Daniels	Collection dates:	1865-1892
Collection method comments: Mr. Lacoe of Pittston, Pennsylvania, paid local collectors, including Mr. Daniels, to collect specimens from Mazon Creek area. In the plant-bearing- beds of the anthracite and bituminous regions Mr. Lacoe occasionally secured a single insect wing, and when the finds became sufficient to warrant digging for them he would specially detail a collector to examine the shales of a given locality.

Metadata

Also known as:	ETE Locality 802
Database number:	21981
Authorizer:	C. Labandeira, J. Flannery-Sutherland, M. Clapham, D. Smith	Enterer:	C. Labandeira, J. Karr, M. Clapham, A. Kinchloe, J. Flannery-Sutherland
Modifier:	M. Clapham	Research group:	paleoentomology
Created:	1998-06-09 00:00:00	Last modified:	2013-11-07 19:32:33
Access level:	the public	Released:	1998-06-09 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

35478.

S. H. Scudder. 1885. New genera and species of fossil cockroaches, from the older American rocks. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 37:34-39 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

35773		O. Béthoux. 2005. Cnemidolestodea (Insecta): An ancient order reinstated. Journal of systematic Palaeontology 3(4):403-408 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]
35751		O. Béthoux. 2007. Emptying the Paleozoic wastebasket for insects: members of a Carboniferous 'protorthopterous family' assigned to natural groups. Alavesia 1:41-48 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]
39055		L. Burnham. 1983. Studies on Upper Carboniferous insects: 1. The Geraridae (Order Protorthoptera). Psyche 90:1-57 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
4983	ETE 695	F. M. Carpenter. 1965. Studies on North American Carboniferous Insects: 4. The Genera Metropator, Eubleptus, Hapaloptera & Hadentomum. Psyche 72(2):175-190 [C. Labandeira/C. Labandeira/M. Kosnik]
40318		T. D. A. Cockerell. 1916. Some American fossil insects. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 51:89-106 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
9323		J. A. Dunlop. 1995. Redescription of the Pennsylvanian trigonotarbid arachnid Lissomartus Petrunkevitch 1949 from Mazon Creek, Illinois. The Journal of Arachnology 23(2):118-124 [D. Smith/A. Kinchloe/M. Clapham]
37094		A. Handlirsch. 1906. Revision of American Paleozoic insects. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 29(1441):661-820 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
35209		A. Handlirsch. 1906. Die Fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der Rezenten Formen, parts I-IV. Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen 1-640 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
87132		O. Hay. 1900. Descriptions of some vertebrates of the Carboniferous age. Proceedings American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia 39:96-123 [J. Flannery-Sutherland/J. Flannery-Sutherland]
5092	ETE 804	J. Kukalová-Peck. 1985. Ephemeroid wing venation based upon new gigantic Carboniferous mayflies and basic morphology, phylogeny, and metamorphosis of pterygote insects (Insecta, Ephemerida). Canadian Journal of Zoology 63(4):933-955 [C. Labandeira/C. Labandeira/M. Clapham]
48447		A. S. Packard. 1885. Types of Carboniferous Xiphosura new to North America. The American Naturalist 19:291-294 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
9398		A. I. Petrunkevitch. 1913. A monograph of the terrestrial Palaeozoic Arachnida of North America. Transactions of the Connecticut Acadamy of Arts and Sciences 18:1-137 [D. Smith/A. Kinchloe/M. Clapham]
47423		R. I. Pocock. 1911. A Monograph of the Terrestrial Carboniferous Arachnida of Great Britain 1-84 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
36688		S. H. Scudder. 1868. Remarks on two new fossil Insects from the Carboniferous formation in America. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 11:401-403 [M. Clapham/J. Karr/J. Karr]
49579		S. H. Scudder. 1884. A contribution to our knowledge of Paleozoic Arachnida. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 20:15-22 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
50024		S. H. Scudder. 1884. The species of Mylacris, a Carboniferous genus of cockroaches. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 3:299-309 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
37105		S. H. Scudder. 1885. Palaeodictyoptera; or the affinities and classification of Paleozoic Hexapoda. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 3(11):319-351 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/J. Karr]
47427		S. H. Scudder. 1890. Illustrations of the Carboniferous Arachnida of North America, of the orders Anthracomarti and Pedipalpi. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 4:443-456 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
39059		S. H. Scudder. 1890. New types of cockroaches from the Carboniferous deposits of the United States. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 4(9):401-415 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
60558		S. H. Scudder. 1890. New Carboniferous Myriapoda from Illinois. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 4:417-442 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
40799		S. H. Scudder. 1895. Revision of the American fossil cockroaches with descriptions of new forms. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 124:1-176 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]
48817		P. A. Selden. 1992. Revision of the fossil ricinuleids. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 83:595-634 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
49581		O. E. Tetlie and J. A. Dunlop. 2008. Geralinura carbonaria (Arachnida: Uropygi) from Mazon Creek, Illinois, USA, and the origin of subchelate pedipalps in whip scorpions. Journal of Paleontology 82:299-312 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
84231		T. S. Westoll. 1944. The Haplolepidae, a new family of late Carboniferous bony fishes : a study in taxonomy and evolution. Bulletin of the AMNH ; v. 83, article 1 . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 83(1):1-122 [E. Dunne/S. Fasey]
51029		H. M. Wilson and J. T. Hannibal. 2005. Taxonomy and trunk-ring architecture of pleurojulid millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Pleurojulida) from the Pennsylvanian of Europe and North America. Journal of Paleontology 79:1105-1119 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]