Klasies River Mouth Main Site: Pleistocene, South Africa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
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Mammalia indet.
Linnaeus 1758
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1 individual | |||||||||
| ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Cetacea | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Hominidae
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Homo sapiens
Linnaeus 1758
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7 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Cercopithecidae
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Papio ursinus
(Kerr 1792)
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12 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Lepus capensis
Linnaeus 1758
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2 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Hystricidae
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Hystrix africaeaustralis
Peters 1852
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24 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Bathyergidae
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Georychus capensis
(Pallas 1778)
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7 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis mesomelas
Schreber 1775
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2 individuals | |||||||||
| recombined as Lupulella mesomelas | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Otariidae
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Arctocephalus pusillus
(Schreber 1778)
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118 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Phocidae
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Mirounga leonina
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 individual | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Aonyx capensis
(Schinz 1821)
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7 individuals | |||||||||
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Mellivora capensis
(Schreber 1776)
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2 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Felis caracal
Schreber 1776
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5 individuals | |||||||||
| recombined as Caracal caracal | ||||||||||
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Felis libyca
Forster 1780
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4 individuals | |||||||||
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Panthera pardus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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10 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Herpestidae
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Atilax paludinosus
(Cuvier 1829)
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3 individuals | |||||||||
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Herpestes pulverulentus
Wagner 1839
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7 individuals | |||||||||
| recombined as Galerella pulverulenta | ||||||||||
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Herpestes ichneumon
(Linnaeus 1758)
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3 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Hyaenidae
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Hyaena brunnea
Thunberg 1820
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3 individuals | |||||||||
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= Parahyaena brunnea
Thunberg 1820
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Werdelin and Turner 1996 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus quagga
Boddaert 1785
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16 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Diceros bicornis
(Linnaeus 1758)
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4 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamus amphibius
Linnaeus 1758
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15 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Delphinidae
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Delphinidae indet.
Gray 1821
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10 individuals | |||||||||
| ETE minimum number of individuals; species: Delphidae | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Ourebia ourebi
(Zimmerman 1783)
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2 individuals | |||||||||
| original and current combination Antilope ourebi | ||||||||||
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Raphicerus melanotis
Thunberg 1811
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76 individuals | |||||||||
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Alcelaphus buselaphus
Pallas 1766
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4 individuals | |||||||||
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Damaliscus sp.
Sclater and Thomas 1894
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6 individuals | |||||||||
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Connochaetes sp.
(Lichtenstein 1812)
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15 individuals | |||||||||
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Pelea capreolus
(Forster 1790)
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14 individuals | |||||||||
| original and current combination Antilopa capreolus | ||||||||||
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Antidorcas sp.
Sundevall 1847
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4 individuals | |||||||||
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Redunca arundinum
(Boddaert 1785)
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13 individuals | |||||||||
| original and current combination Antilope arundinum | ||||||||||
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Redunca fulvorufula
(Afzelius 1815)
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3 individuals | |||||||||
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Hippotragus leucophaeus
(Pallas 1766)
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62 individuals | |||||||||
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Syncerus caffer
(Sparman 1779)
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59 individuals | |||||||||
| original and current combination Bos caffer | ||||||||||
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Pelorovis antiquus
(Duvernoy 1851)
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49 individuals | |||||||||
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Taurotragus oryx
(Pallas 1766)
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130 individuals | |||||||||
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Tragelaphus scriptus
(Pallas 1766)
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23 individuals | |||||||||
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Tragelaphus strepsiceros
(Pallas 1766)
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14 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Suidae
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Phacochoerus aethiopicus
(Pallas 1766)
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1 individual | |||||||||
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Potamochoerus porcus
(Linnaeus 1758)
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3 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Hyracoidea
- Procaviidae
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Procavia capensis
(Pallas 1766)
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61 individuals | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Loxodonta africana
(Blumenbach 1797)
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4 individuals | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | South Africa |
| Coordinates: | 34.1° South, 24.4° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 34.1° South, 24.3° East |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| *Period: | Quaternary - Quaternary | *Epoch: | Middle - Late/Upper Pleistocene - Middle - Late/Upper Pleistocene |
| Key time interval: | Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 2.58000 - 0.01170 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: MSA deposits; C14 on charcoal radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min |
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | sandstone |
| Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: brown to greyish brown silty sand | |
| Environment: | cave |
| Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: karst, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: coastal cave | |
Taphonomy
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | bulk,selective quarrying |
| Collection size: | 0 specimens |
| Collection method comments: ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 477, ; ETE museum list: | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | ETE Locality 735, Klasies River Mouth Main Site, | ||
| Database number: | 21916 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Behrensmeyer, R. Potts, A. Turner | Enterer: | A. Behrensmeyer, H. O'Regan, R. Potts, J. Damuth |
| Modifier: | M. Kosnik | ||
| Created: | 1997-05-13 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2017-05-23 16:34:15 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 1997-05-13 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 5235. | ETE 947 | R. Singer and J. Wymer. 1982. The Middle Stone Age at Klasies River Mouth in South Africa. University of Chicago Press, Chicago [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik] |
Secondary references:
| 10899 | PACED | L. Werdelin and A. Turner. 1996. The fossil and living Hyaenidae of Africa: present status. in K. M. Stewart and K.L. Semour (eds.) Palaeoecology and palaeoenvironments of Late Cenozoic mammals: Tributes to the career of C.S. (Rufus) Churcher. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 637-659 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] |