Tsiotra Vryssi : Early/Lower Pleistocene, Greece
collected 2014-

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Pontoceros sp.
Konidaris et al. 2021
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae
Corvus pliocaenus (Portis 1887)
Reptilia - Testudines
Chelonii indet. Latreille 1800
synonym of Testudines
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus meridionalis (Nesti 1825)
Konidaris et al. 2021
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Gervais 1850)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Megantereon sp. Croizet and Jobert 1828
Konidaris et al. 2021
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis etruscus Forsyth Major 1877
    = Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758
Konidaris et al. 2021
Mammalia - Giraffidae
Palaeotragus sp. Gaudry 1861
Mammalia - Bovidae
Leptobos sp. Rutimeyer 1878
Konidaris et al. 2021
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827
Mammalia - Cervidae
Praemegaceros sp. Portis 1920
Konidaris et al. 2021
Metacervocerus rhenanus Dubois 1904
Cervidae indet. Gray 1821
    = Cervus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Konidaris et al. 2021
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus informal sp. medium-sized Linnaeus 1758
Equus informal sp. large-sized Linnaeus 1758
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Stephanorhinus sp. Kretzoi 1942
see common names

Geography
Country:Greece State/province:central Macedonia
Coordinates: 40.5° North, 23.4° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:40.5° North, 23.4° East
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Altitude:250 meters
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Early/Lower Pleistocene
Age range of interval:2.58000 - 0.77400 m.y. ago
Age estimate:1.78 Ma (paleomagnetic) to 1.5 Ma (other)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Gerakarou
Stratigraphy comments: The Gerakarou Fm consists of red-brown sands, gravels, sandy silts, and clays, deposited in a fluvial/fluvio-torrential environment
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: gravel
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: The ~1 m thick fossiliferous unit Geo 2a consists of pale brown-dark yellowish brown poorly sorted silts, locally intercalated by cm-thick lenses of medium-coarse grained sands and is relatively more clayey in its uppermost part.
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Collection size:2000 specimens
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collection dates:2014-present
Collection method comments: TSR was discovered in 2014 during a targeted survey by a joint team from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and the Paleoanthropology working group at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
TSR has yielded more than 2000 mammalian bones and teeth to date, which are stored at the Museum of Geology, Palaeontology, and Palaeoanthropology of the Laboratory of Geology and Palaeontology at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (LGPUT).
Metadata
Also known as:TSR
Database number:197943
Authorizer:M. Uhen, E. Vlachos Enterer:M. Chua, E. Vlachos
Modifier:E. Vlachos
Created:2018-12-02 14:22:41 Last modified:2021-12-15 16:20:14
Access level:the public Released:2018-12-02 14:22:41
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
67464. G.E. Konidaris, V. Tourloukis, D.S. Kostopoulos, N. Thompson, D. Giusti, D. Michailidis, G.D. Koufos and K. Harvatia. 2015. Two new vertebrate localities from the Early Pleistocene of Mygdonia Basin (Macedonia, Greece): Preliminary results. Comptes Rendus Palevol 14:353-362 [M. Uhen/M. Chua]

Secondary references:

78892 G. E. Konidaris, D. S. Kostopoulos, M. Maron, M. Schaller, T. A. Ehlers, E. Aidona, M. Marini, V. Tourloukis, G. Muttoni, G. D. Koufos, and K. Harvati. 2021. Dating of the Lower Pleistocene Vertebrate Site of Tsiotra Vryssi (Mygdonia Basin, Greece): Biochronology, Magnetostratigraphy, and Cosmogenic Radionuclides. Quaternary MDPI 4(1):1-18 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Wagner]