Cedar Mountain: Clarendonian, Nevada

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotheriidae indet. Hay 1922
Mammalia - Soricidae
Limnoecus tricuspis Stirton 1930
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Tomarctus sp. Cope 1873
    = Borophaginae indet. Simpson 1945
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Munthe 1988, who includes Cynarctus compressus in this genus
Aelurodon sp. Leidy 1858
    = Borophaginae indet. Simpson 1945
Alroy 2002
Aelurodon taxoides Hatcher 1894
confirmed by Wang et al. 1999, who place specimen at Snowball Valley North = UCMP V-6019
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775
    = Caninae indet. Gill 1872
Alroy 2002
Leptocyon vafer (Leidy 1858)
Tedford et al. 2009
Mammalia - Carnivora - Nimravidae
Sansanosmilus sp. Kretzoi 1929
    = Barbourofelis sp. Schultz et al. 1970
Alroy 2002
implicitly confirmed by Tedford et al. 1987
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Pseudaelurus sp. Leidy 1858
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Merycodus sp. Leidy 1854
said to be "Meryceros sp." by Honey and Izett 1988
Mammalia - Camelidae
Procamelus sp. Leidy 1858
    = Camelidae indet. Gray 1821
Alroy 2002
Protolabis sp. Cope 1876
    = Camelidae indet. Gray 1821
Alroy 2002
Protolabis coartatus (Stirton 1929)
appears to be the type of Stirton 1929 from UCMP 2028 in "Stewart Valley" discussed by Honey and Taylor 1978, and by Merriam 1916a as "Procamelus nr. gracilis"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Megahippus sp. McGrew 1938
    = Megahippus cf. matthewi Barbour 1914
Mawby 1968
UCMP V-6136 Confusion Quarry
Hypohippus nevadensis n. sp. (Merriam 1913)
Mawby 1968
type from UCMP V-1980
Neohipparion sp. Gidley 1903
    = Hipparionini indet. Quinn 1955
Alroy 2002
Nannippus tehonensis (Merriam 1916)
    = Hipparion tehonense Merriam 1916
Evernden et al. 1964
recombined as Hipparion gratum tehonense
Tedford Pocket (UCMP V-1984)
Pliohippus cf. tantalus (Merriam 1913)
original and current combination Protohippus tantalus
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Teleoceras major Hatcher 1894
Prothero 2005
? Aphelops sp. Owen 1845
this may be the specimen from UCMP 2026 described by Merriam 1916a
    = Aphelops megalodus Cope 1873
Prothero 2005
UCMP 58171
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus sp. Dice 1917
    = Archaeolaginae indet.
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Peromyscus dentalis Hall 1930
    = Copemys dentalis Hall 1930
Alroy 2002
original and current combination Peromyscus dentalis
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Eucastor dividerus Stirton 1935
recombined as Prodipoides dividerus
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Dipodomyinae indet.
Perognathus cf. minutus James 1963
Perognathoides quartus (Hall 1930)
    = Cupidinimus quartus Hall 1930
Alroy 2002
recombined as Perognathoides quartus
Perognathoides cuyamensis Wood 1937
    = Cupidinimus cuyamensis Wood 1937
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Rodentia - Aplodontidae
Aplodontidae indet. Brandt 1855
Gazin 1932
specimen UC 19798, possibly Liodontia according to Wilson 1937b and omitted entirely by Firby
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Tamias ateles (Hall 1930)
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Nevada County:Esmeralda and Mineral
Coordinates: 38.3° North, 117.9° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:38.9° North, 115.5° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5-6
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Clarendonian
Age range of interval:12.50000 - 9.40000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Esmeralda
Local section:CoalV Local bed:2
Local order:bottom to top
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Taxonomic list comments:probably not faunally mixed, although list of Merriam 1916a probably is as it includes Stewart Spring
probably includes Tedford Pocket (UCMP V-1984), dated by Evernden et al. 1964 as follows: KA 452 - 10.7 (= 10.98) Ma, biotite from tuff 1 mi N 200' above "Clarendonian" fauna; this is the 11.72 +/- 0.05 Ma Rainier Mountain ash of Perkins et al. 1998; insofar as their section spans 800 m and > 5.46 my, the fauna is about 12.14 Ma and should fall close to their CPT V ash KA 577 - 11.5 (= 11.81) Ma, sanidine from 1 mi NW, 50' higher than KA 452; said to be "near middle of fossiliferous section" by Tedford et al. 1987
Stirton's record of "Megabelodon minor" is from UCMP V-6145 Gomphothere locality, which is separated from other Cedar Mountain localities by block faulting: Mawby 1968a
Metadata
Database number:18845
Authorizer:J. Alroy, J. Marcot Enterer:J. Alroy, J. Marcot
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-09-27 00:00:00 Last modified:2009-12-18 13:12:07
Access level:the public Released:1993-09-27 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1489. J. R. Firby. 1966. New non-marine Mollusca from the Esmeralda Formation, Nevada. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 33(14):453-480 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1473 J. F. Evernden, D. E. Savage, G. H. Curtis and G. T. James. 1964. Potassium-argon dates and the Cenozoic mammalian chronology of North America. American Journal of Science 262:145-198 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
1591 C. L. Gazin. 1932. A Miocene Mammalian Fauna From South-Eastern Oregon. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 418(3):37-86 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2487 J. E. Mawby. 1968. Megahippus and Hyohippus (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from the Esmeralda Formation of Nevada. PaleoBios 7:1-13 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
51726 D. R. Prothero. 2005. The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. 1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot]
52058 R. H. Tedford, X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor. 2009. Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 325:1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/G. Lloyd]