PBDB Collection

Toledo Bend: Aquitanian, Texas

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Amphibia - Caudata

	? Amphiumidae indet. Gray 1825	Albright 1994
	= Caudata indet. Scopoli 1777	Parmley et al. 2007
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Batrachosauroididae

	Batrachosauroides sp. Taylor and Hesse 1943	Albright 1994
Reptilia

	Alligator olseni White 1942	Albright 1994
	LSUMG V-2255, tooth; V-2698, approximately 180 teeth; V-2732, figured tooth; V-2733, two premaxillary fragments; V-2734, six maxillae fragments; V-2735, five nasal fragments; V-2736, three frontal fragments; V-2737, two frontoparietal fragments; V-2738, two parietal fragments; V-2739, post orbital fragment; V-2740, three squamosal fragments; V-2741, left posterior quadrate; V-2742, quadrate fragment; V-2743, quadrate-quadratojugal fragment; V-2744, quadratojugal fragment; V-2745, jugal fragment; V-2746, seven anterior dentary fragments; V-2747, figured right anterior dentary fragment; V-2748, articular fragment; V-2749, 22 lower jaw fragments; V-2750, vertebrae and vertebrae fragments; V-2751, femur; V-2752, five femur fragments; V-2753, proximal right humerus; V-2754, distal humerus; V-2755, proximal right tibia; V-2756, limb bone fragments; V-2757, three metapodials; V-2758, proximal phalanx; V-2759, claw fragment; V-2760, 63 dermal scutes; V-2761, two neck scutes; V-2762, six juvenile scutes

	Gavialosuchus sp. Toula and Kail 1885	Albright 1994
	SUMG V-2247, anterior tooth; V-2517, five teeth
Reptilia - Boidae

	Erycinae indet. Bonaparte 1825	Albright 1994
Reptilia - Aniliidae

	Anilioides cf. nebraskensis Holman 1976	Albright 1994
Reptilia

	? Peltosaurus sp. Cope 1873	Albright 1994
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae

	Emydidae indet. Rafinesque 1815	Albright 1994
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae

	Geochelone sp. Fitzinger 1835	Albright 1994
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae

	Trionychini indet. Gray 1825	Albright 1994
Reptilia - Testudines - Kinosternoidea

	Dermatemys sp. Gray 1847	Albright 1994
Mammalia - Insectivora

	Insectivora indet. Bowdich 1821
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae

	Palaeogale sp. von Meyer 1846
	= Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817	Hayes 2000

	Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae

	Daphoenodon notionastes Frailey 1979
	(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Miohippus sp. Marsh 1874
	possibly, but probably not Archaeohippus blackbergi instead: Albright 1998b

	Anchippus texanus Leidy 1868
	recombined as Desmatippus texanus
	(6 measurements)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae

	Moropus sp. Marsh 1877
	(1 measurement)
	= Moropus cf. oregonensis Leidy 1873	Coombs et al. 2001
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

	Diceratherium annectens (Marsh 1873)

	Diceratherium armatum Marsh 1875

	Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821
	= Gulfoceras westfalli n. sp. Albright 1999	Albright 1999
	replaces ID of Albright 1998b; "? Hyracodon nebraskensis"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae

	Miotapirus marslandensis Schoch 1984
	(5 measurements)
	= Nexuotapirus marslandensis Schoch 1984	Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Anthracotheriidae

	Arretotherium acridens Douglass 1902
	(6 measurements)
Mammalia - Entelodontidae

	Entelodontidae indet. Lydekker 1883
	= Dinohyus sp. Peterson 1905	Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Tayassuidae

	? Cynorca sociale (Marsh 1875)
	recombined as Marshochoerus socialis
	(1 measurement)

	Hesperhys cf. pinensis (Matthew 1907)
	(1 measurement)
	= ? Floridachoerus olseni White 1941	Albright 1999

	? Hesperhys sp. Douglass 1903	Albright 1998
	not the same as "H. cf. pinensis"
Mammalia - Camelidae

	Floridatragulus sp. White 1940
	= Nothokemas sp. White 1947	Albright 1999
	replaces ID of Albright 1998b
Mammalia - Protoceratidae

	Protoceras sp. Marsh 1891
	(6 measurements)
	= Prosynthetoceras orthrionanus n. sp. Albright 1999	Albright 1999
	replaces ID of Albright 1998b; "Protoceras neatodelpha"

	? Prosynthetoceras texanus (Hay 1924)
Mammalia - Hypertragulidae

	Hypertragulus sp. Cope 1874
	= Nanotragulus sp. Lull 1922	Albright 1998
Mammalia - Rodentia

	Texomys sp. Slaughter 1981
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae

	? Protospermophilus sp. Gazin 1930
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae

	Monosaulax hesperus (Douglass 1902)
	= Neatocastor hesperus Douglass 1902	Albright 1996
	"? Monosaulax" sp."
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae

	Proheteromys sabinensis n. sp. Albright 1996	Albright 1996

	Proheteromys toledoensis n. sp. Albright 1996	Albright 1996
Mammalia - Rodentia - Eomyidae

	Eomyidae indet. Winge 1887
Actinopteri - Centrarchiformes - Centrarchidae

	Micropterus sp. Lacépède 1802	Albright 1994
Actinopteri - Centropomidae

	? Centropomus sp. Lacépède 1802	Albright 1994
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ictaluridae

	Ictalurus ? punctatus (Rafinesque 1818)	Albright 1994
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae

	Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843	Albright 1994

	Atractosteus spatula	Albright 1994
see common names

Geography

Country:	United States	State/province:	Texas	County:	Newton
Coordinates:	31.0° North, 93.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	31.6° North, 88.9° West
Basis of coordinate:	based on political unit

Time

Period:	Neogene	Epoch:	Miocene
Stage:	Aquitanian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 5
*Period:	Tertiary	*Local age/stage:	Arikareen
Key time interval:	Aquitanian
Age range of interval:	23.03000 - 20.44000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Formation:

Fleming

Member:

upper Carnahan Bayou

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	conglomerate
Lithology description: Paleochannel conglomerate (Albright, 1999)
Environment:	coarse channel fill
Geology comments: conglomerate likely from episode of violent flood mixing (Albright, 1999)

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Disassociated minor elements:	many

Collection methods and comments

Collection excludes:	some genera
Collection methods:	bulk,surface (float),sieve,field collection
Collection size:	700 specimens
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Taxonomic list comments:preliminary and highly inaccurate list published by Manning 1990 small mammals described by Albright 1996 "approximately 700 elements referred to mammals": Albright 1998b

Metadata

Database number:	18663
Authorizer:	J. Alroy	Enterer:	J. Alroy
Modifier:	J. Alroy	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	1993-02-18 00:00:00	Last modified:	2007-09-08 15:18:20
Access level:	the public	Released:	1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

933.

L. B. Albright. 1991. The vertebrate paleontology, taphonomy, and paleoecology of a new early Miocene site in the Fleming Formation near Toledo Bend Dam. Newton County, Texas, and its importance to Gulf Coastal Plain biostratigraphy. 1-319 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

742	ETE 1537	L. B. Albright. 1994. Lower vertebrates from an Arikareean (earliest Miocene) fauna near the Toledo Bend Dam, Newton County, Texas. Journal of Paleontology 68(5):1131-1145 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/J. Alroy]
934	ETE 1536	L. B. Albright. 1996. Insectivores, rodents, and carnivores of the Toledo Bend Local Fauna: an Arikareean (earliest Miocene) assemblage from the Texas Coastal Plain. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(3):458-473 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Wagner]
936		L. B. Albright. 1998. The Arikareean Land Mammal Age in Texas and Florida: Southern extension of Great Plains faunas and Gulf Coastal Plain. Geological Society of America Special Paper 325:167-183 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
937	5% 600	L. B. Albright. 1999. Ungulates of the Toledo Bend local fauna (late Arikareean, early Miocene), Texas Coastal Plain. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History, Biological Sciences 42(1):1-80 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Head]
6294		J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
4181		M. C. Coombs, R. M. Hunt, Jr., E. Stepleton, L. B. Albright, III, and T. J. Fremd. 2001. Stratigraphy, chronology, biogeography, and taxonomy of early Miocene small chalicotheres of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21(3):607-620 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
4229		F. G. Hayes. 2000. The Brooksville 2 local fauna (Arikareean, latest Oligocene) Hernando County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 43(1):1-47 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
25334		D. Parmley, J. Clark, and A. J. Mead. 2007. Amphiuma (Caudata: Amphiumidae) from the Pleistocene Clark Quarry local fauna of coastal Georgia. Georgia Journal of Science 65(2):76-81 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]