Milia 5 (=MIL 5): Late/Upper Pliocene, Greece

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Vlachos and Tsoukala 2016
possible coracoid
Testudo brevitesta Vlachos and Tsoukala 2016
Vlachos and Tsoukala 2016
shell fragments
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae
Mauremys sp. Gray 1870
Vlachos and Tsoukala 2016
shell fragments
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut borsoni (Hays 1834)
Tsoukala and Mol 2016
partial skeleton, including two complete tusks, the longest in the world
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Anancus arvernensis (Croizet and Jobert 1828)
Tsoukala and Mol 2016
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Agriotherium sp. Wagner 1837
Ursus etruscus Cuvier 1823
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Homotherium crenatidens Fabrini 1890
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hipparion sp. de Christol 1832
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Stephanorhinus jeanvireti (Guérin 1972)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus arvernensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
Mammalia - Suidae
Sus arvernensis Deperet 1885
Mammalia - Cervidae
Praeelaphus cf. lyra
Croizetoceros ramosus (Croizet and Jobert 1828)
Mammalia - Bovidae
Gazella borbonica
Alephis sp. Gromolard 1980
Grevenobos antiquus n. gen., n. sp. Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix cf. refossa
    = Hystrix refossa
Lazaridis et al. 2019
Right mandible fragment (MIL1327) with the first incisor fragment; its presence is also suggested by gnawing marks on the incisor of U. etruscus
see common names

Geography
Country:Greece State/province:Grevena
Coordinates: 40.2° North, 21.5° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:40.1° North, 21.4° East
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Pliocene
Stage:Piacenzian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Late/Upper Pliocene Mammal zone: MN 16a
Age range of interval:3.60000 - 2.58000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:medium,brown,yellow unlithified sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:fluvial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:dispersed
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Fragmentation:frequent
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (in situ),sieve,field collection
Collection size:200 specimens
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Metadata
Also known as:Arap Tatsera
Database number:185859
Authorizer:E. Vlachos Enterer:E. Vlachos
Modifier:P. Wagner
Created:2017-05-22 07:41:43 Last modified:2019-04-08 15:25:07
Access level:the public Released:2017-05-22 07:41:43
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
66506. E. Vlachos, E. Tsoukala, E. Cregut-Bonnoure, C. Guerin, and D. Mol. 2018. The Paradise Lost of Milia (Grevena, Greece; Late Pliocene, Early Villafranchian, MN15/MN16a): faunal composition and diversity. Quaternary MDPI 1(13):1-18 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]

Secondary references:

71317 E. Cregut-Bonnoure and E. Tsoukala. 2017. The Late Pliocene Bovidae and Cervidae (Mammalia) of Milia (Grevena, Macedonia, Greece). Quaternary International 445:215-249 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
70439 G. Lazaridis, E. Tsoukala, and L. C. Maul. 2019. The earliest Hystrix refossa: a new Early Villafranchian record from Milia (Grevena, Macedonia, Greece). Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 1-7 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
62998 E. Tsoukala and D. Mol. 2016. The Proboscidea of the Early Villafranchian site of Milia (Grevena, Macedonia, Greece). Quaternary International 406:4-24 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
60889 E. Vlachos and E. Tsoukala. 2016. The diverse chelonians from Milia (Late Pliocene, Grevena, Greece) with a new species of Testudo Linnaeus, 1758 (Testudines, Testudinidae). Papers in Palaeontology 2(1):71-86 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]