Powder Wash (Upper): Bridgerian, Utah

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Proteutheria - Palaeoryctidae
Palaeoryctinae indet. Winge 1917
Mammalia - Leptictidae
Palaeictops bridgeri (Simpson 1959)
Mammalia - Esthonychidae
Trogosus sp. Leidy 1871
Mammalia - Apatemyidae
Apatemys cf. bellulus Marsh 1872
Apatemys cf. rodens Troxell 1923
Apatemys cf. bellus Marsh 1872
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Natalidae
cf. Ageina sp. Russell et al. 1973
a bat
Mammalia - Perissodactyla
Helaletes nanus (Marsh 1871)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyrachyidae
Hyrachyus modestus (Leidy 1870)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Hyracotherium vasacciense (Cope 1872)
Mammalia - Homacodontidae
Homacodontinae indet. (Marsh 1849)
original and current combination Homacodontidae
said to be new
Antiacodon pygmaeus (Cope 1872)
includes "cf. Neodiacodexis sp." of West 1984 according to Stucky 1998; see also Burke 1969 (1 measurement)
Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae
Mesonychidae indet. Cope 1875
Mammalia - Viverravidae
Viverravus gracilis Marsh 1872
Viverravus sicarius Matthew 1909
Viverravus minutus Wortman 1901
Mammalia
Miacis cf. parvivorus Cope 1872
Mammalia - Carnivora - Miacidae
Miacidae indet. Cope 1880
said to be a new genus
Uintacyon major Matthew 1909
    = Miocyon cf. major Matthew 1909
Alroy 2002
Mammalia
Miacis cf. gracilis Clark 1939
    = Procynodictis cf. vulpiceps Wortman and Matthew 1899
Gunnell 1998
"Tritemnodon cf.
? Oodectes sp. Wortman 1901
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Sinopa minor Wortman 1902
    = Sinopa rapax Leidy 1871
Alroy 2002
Sinopa grangeri Matthew 1906
    = Sinopa major Wortman 1902
Alroy 2002
Tritemnodon cf. whitiae (Cope 1882)
    = Tritemnodon cf. agilis Marsh 1872
Gunnell 1998
Proviverroides sp. Bown 1982
    = Proviverroides cf. piercei Bown 1982
Gunnell 1998
Mammalia - Creodonta
Limnocyon cf. verus Marsh 1872
Mammalia - Sespedectidae
Cryptolestes sp. Novacek 1976
    = Crypholestes sp. Novacek 1980
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Pantolestes cf. longicaudus (Cope 1872)
Mammalia
Aethomylos simplicidens Novacek 1976
Mammalia - Geolabididae
Centetodon bembicophagus Lillegraven et al. 1981
Centetodon pulcher Marsh 1872
not listed by Lillegraven et al. 1981
Mammalia - Apternodontidae
    = Apternodontidae indet. Matthew 1910
Alroy 2003
genus name was used sensu Romer 1966, not Thewissen and Gingerich 1989, as noted by Bloch (pers. commun. 30.8.03)
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Scenopagus priscus (Marsh 1872)
original and current combination Nyctitherium priscus
Nyctitherium serotinum (Marsh 1872)
described by Krishtalka 1976b (5 measurements)
Talpavus nitidus Marsh 1872
recombined as Nyctitherium nitidum
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuravidae
Sciuravidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918
Sciuravus eucristadens Burke 1937
includes "Microparamys sp. C" of Wood 1962: see Dawson 1968, Korth 1984
Pauromys sp. Troxell 1923
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Paramys delicatus Leidy 1871
(1 measurement)
Microparamys minutus (Wilson 1937)
Pseudotomus robustus (Marsh 1872)
    = Pseudotomus sp. Cope 1872
Korth 1985
replaces ID of Dawson 1968
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae
Uintasorex cf. parvulus Matthew 1909
(4 measurements)
Microsyops sp. Leidy 1872
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae
Anaptomorphus aemulus Cope 1872
Omomys lloydi n. sp. Gazin 1958
see Gazin 1958a
Omomys carteri Leidy 1869
Uintanius ameghini (Wortman 1904)
includes one specimen of Utahia kayi: Szalay 1976
Utahia kayi n. sp. Gazin 1958
see Gazin 1958a (2 measurements)
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Smilodectes gracilis (Marsh 1871)
Notharctus cf. tenebrosus Leidy 1870
sensu Gingerich 1979a
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae
Hyopsodus paulus Leidy 1870
confirmed by Redline 1997
Hyopsodus minusculus Leidy 1873
Gazin 1968
Mammalia
Peradectes chesteri (Gazin 1952)
(4 measurements)
Armintodelphys dawsoni Krishtalka and Stucky 1983
Peratherium innominatum Simpson 1928
(6 measurements)
    = Copedelphys innominata Simpson 1928
Alroy 2002
recombined as Herpetotherium innominatum
Peratherium marsupium (Troxell 1923)
(6 measurements)
    = Herpetotherium marsupium Troxell 1923
Alroy 2002
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae
Echmatemys sp. Hay 1906
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia - Testudines
Hadrianus sp. Cope 1872
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia
Pristichampsus vorax (Troxell 1925)
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
recombined as Boverisuchus vorax
Procaimanoidea kayi (Mook 1941)
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia - Iguanidae
Parasauromalus sp. Gilmore 1928
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Parasauromalus olseni Gilmore 1928
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia
Tinosaurus stenodon Marsh 1872
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia - Anguidae
Glyptosaurus sylvestris Marsh 1871
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Xestops vagans (Marsh 1872)
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
original and current combination Oreosaurus vagans
Eodiploglossus borealis Gauthier 1982
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia
Saniwa sp. Leidy 1870
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Booidea indet. Gray 1825
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Reptilia - Xantusiidae
Palaeoxantusia sp. Hecht 1956
Gunnell and Bartels 1999
spelled "Paleoxantusia"
unclassified
Scenopagus edenensis (McGrew et al. 1959)
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Utah County:Uintah
Coordinates: 40.2° North, 109.9° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:44.2° North, 96.4° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Bridgerian
Age range of interval:50.50000 - 46.20000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Green River Member:Douglas Creek
Local section:PwdrW Local bed:3
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: sandstone
Lithology description: "a uniformly muddy, fine-grained sublitharenite" (Gunnell and Bartels 1999)
Environment:channel lag
Geology comments: the "association of hard, dense, bony elements in a sandstone suggests a lag deposit within a channel or splay... [perhaps] a small meandering stream channel, a lake-margin (deltaic) distributary channel, or the basal portion of a crevasse splay" (Gunnell and Bartels 1999)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Articulated whole bodies:none
Associated major elements:none
Disassociated major elements:some
Disassociated minor elements:many
Spatial resolution:allochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection size:1700 specimens
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Taxonomic list comments:sec 8 T 7S R 25E: Van Houten 1945
same as the "Green River" fauna of Burke 1935 and Kay 1957
according to Remy 1992 there is an Ar-Ar date of 47.2 Ma on the "curly tuff... between the S1 marker unit and the Magohany oil shale bed" (S1 unit is lower); because the fauna is from "82 m below" the shale and the date is interpreted by Remy as Uintan, I assume it is too young for use as a calibration point
"Class 1" reliability K-Ar date of 44.8 (= 46.0) +/- 0.9 Ma (Mauger 1977) for the Wavy Tuff is definitely too young for use as the tuff is 20 ft above the Mahogany Oil Shale; Wavy Tuff redated at 42.3 +/- 2.0 (FT on zircon) by Bryant et al. 1989
original list repeated almost without modification by Gunnell and Bartels 1999
Black and Sutton list the following: Thisbemys corrugatus "Leptotomus bridgerensis"
falls in the Parachute Creek Mbr. sensu Roehloer 1992
early Bridgerian
the record of Apatemys hendryi reported by Robinson 1966b is omitted without comment by K & S
Metadata
Also known as:Powder Springs
Database number:16396
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd Enterer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2008-10-29 12:43:25
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
2182. L. Krishtalka and R. K. Stucky. 1984. Middle Eocene marsupials (Mammalia) from northeastern Utah and the mammalian fauna from Powder Wash. Annals of Carnegie Museum 53(2):31-46 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
16195% 40780C. L. Gazin. 1968. A study of the Eocene condylarthran mammal Hyopsodus. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 153(4):1-90 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Head]
1735 G. F. Gunnell. 1998. Creotonda. In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulate like Mammals [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
1741 G. F. Gunnell and W. S. Bartels. 1999. Middle Eocene vertebrates from the Uinta Basin, Utah, and their relationship with faunas from the southern Green River Basin, Wyoming. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1:429-442 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2106 W. W. Korth. 1985. The Rodents Pseudotomus and Quadratomus and the Content of the Tribe Manitshini (Paramyinae, Ischyromyidae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5(2):139-152 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]