Lirio Norte (Las Cascadas Fm): Arikareean, Panama
collected by Rincón, A. F.

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Primates - Cebidae
Panamacebus transitus n. gen., n. sp. Bloch et al. 2016
Bloch et al. 2016
Mammalia - Protoceratidae
Paratoceras aff. tedfordi Webb et al. 2003
Rincón et al. 2015
Mammalia - Anthracotheriidae
Arretotherium meridionale Rincon et al. 2013
Rincon et al. 2013
Mammalia - Camelidae
Aguascalientia minuta Rincon et al. 2012
Aguascalientia panamaensis Rincon et al. 2012
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
Schizotheriinae indet. Holland and Peterson 1913
Wood and Ridgwell 2015
UF 280165
see common names

Geography
Country:Panama State/province:Panama
Coordinates: 9.1° North, 79.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:7.6° North, 77.3° West
Basis of coordinate:unpublished field data
Altitude:62 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 4-5
Key time interval:Arikareean
Age range of interval:29.50000 - 18.50000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:25.37 ± 0.13 to 19.3 ± 0.4 Ma (Ar/Ar)
Stratigraphy
Formation:Las Cascadas
Stratigraphy comments: The Las Cascadas Formation is overlain by the Culebra Formation and separated from it by a slightly angular unconformity (Montes et al., 2012). The overlaying volcaniclastic sequence is composed of the marine transgressive system of the Culebra Formation and the prograding sequence of the Cucaracha Formation (Kirby et al., 2008). Despite the abundance of volcanic material, efforts to date these rocks have been unsuccessful and the geochronology available for the section is restricted to Strontium (Sr87/Sr86) chemostratigraphy (Kirby et al., 2008) on calcareous biogenic shells and corals. Therefore, the upper Las Cascadas fossiliferous sequence represents an interval older than the lower part of the Culebra Formation, for which several dates have been published between 20.62 ± 0.58 and 23.07 ± 0.53 Ma (Kirby et al., 2008) and 19.3 ± 0.4 Ma (Montes et al., 2012). The lower boundary of the Las Cascadas Formation could be constrained by andesitic water-saturated arc lavas of the underlying Bas Obispo Formation dated using Ar40/Ar39 age as 25.37 ± 0.13 Ma (Rooney et al., 2010; Farris et al., 2011). Therefore, the duration of the Las Cascadas Formation might span the late Oligocene to early Miocene (<25 Ma to >19.3 ± 0.4 Ma), likely representing the middle-to-late Arikareean NALMA sensu MacFadden and Hunt (1998) and Albright et al. (2008).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: lithified conglomeratic tuff
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: The Las Cascadas Formation is composed of andesitic flows and agglomeratic tuffs with cobbles of andesite and basalt set in a fine-grained tuffaceous matrix (Montes et al., 2012), which constitutes the main lithology associated with the vertebrate fossils. The structural complexity of the area, as well as the limited and ephemeral outcrops along the canal, restrict the exposures of the Las Cascadas fossiliferous interval to the northern part of the Gaillard Cut, where volcaniclastic sequences are more common and paleosols are well developed. The lower part of the Las Cascadas Formation is characterized by massive accumulations of volcanic rocks (mainly agglomerated breccias) and fluvial sediments. Conversely, the upper part of the Las Cascadas Formation is characterized by massive accumulations of volcanic blocks ranging from welded tuffaceus agglomerates to pyroclastic fall deposits and discrete intervals of fluvial sediments (Woodring, 1982; Kirby et al., 2008).
Environment:terrestrial indet. Tectonic setting:back-arc basin
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:FLMNH
Collectors:Rincón, A. F.
Metadata
Database number:152378
Authorizer:C. Jaramillo Enterer:A. Cárdenas, J. Carrillo
Modifier:J. Carrillo
Created:2013-11-19 11:12:28 Last modified:2018-02-26 09:01:19
Access level:authorizer only Released:2014-11-19 11:12:28
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
48746. A. F. Rincon, J. I. Bloch, C. Suarez, B. J. MacFadden, and C. A. Jaramillo. 2012. New floridatragulines (Mammalia, Camelidae) from the early Miocene Las Cascadas Formation, Panama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(2):456-475 [C. Jaramillo/A. Cárdenas]

Secondary references:

58921 J. I. Bloch, E. D. Woodruff, A. R. Wood, A. F. Rincon, A. R. Harrington, G. S. Morgan, D. A. Foster, C. Montes, C. A. Jarmillo, N. A. Jud, D. S. Jones and B. J. MacFadden. 2016. First North American fossil monkey and early Miocene tropical biotic interchange. Nature 533:243-246 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/P. Mannion]
48745 A. F. Rincon, J. I. Bloch, B. J. Macfadden and C. Jaramillo. 2013. First Central American record of Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia, Bothriodontidae) from the early Miocene of Panama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(2):421-433 [C. Jaramillo/A. Cárdenas]
64839 A. F. Rincón, J. I. Bloch, B. J. MacFadden and C. A. Jaramillo. 2015. New early Miocene Protoceratids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from Panama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(5):e970688 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]
64838 A. R. Wood and N. M. Ridgwell. 2015. The first Central American Chalicothere (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) and the paleobiogeographic implications for small-bodied schizotheriines. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(3):e923893 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo]