Judson: Danian, North Dakota
collected by R. Holtzman 1977

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Batrachosauroididae
Opisthotriton sp. Auffenberg 1961
Reptilia
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
"birds"
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Graculavidae
Graculavidae indet. Fürbringer 1888
Benson 1999 1 specimen
SMM P77.7.159
Reptilia - Crocodylia
Crocodylia indet. (Owen 1842)
"two crocodilians"
Reptilia
Champsosaurus sp. Cope 1876
Reptilia - Squamata
Squamata indet. Oppel 1811
"one or more small lizards"
Reptilia - Anguidae
Anguidae indet. Gray 1825
ElShafie 2024
Reptilia - Testudines
Testudines indet. Batsch 1788
"turtles"
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Ptilodontidae
Prochetodon foxi Krause 1987
Krause 1987
Ptilodus wyomingensis Jepsen 1940
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae
Parectypodus sp. Jepsen 1930
Neoplagiaulax sp. Lemoine 1882
form "3"
Neoplagiaulax nanophus Holtzman 1978
Neoplagiaulax hunteri (Simpson 1936)
? Mesodma sp. Jepsen 1940
? Ectypodus sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
Mammalia - Apatemyidae
Unuchinia dysmathes Holtzman 1978
Mammalia
Titanoides primaevus Gidley 1917
Mammalia - Insectivora
Insectivora indet. Bowdich 1821
form "2"
Mammalia - Macroscelidea
Litolestes lacunatus Gazin 1956
    = Litocherus zygeus Gingerich 1983
Gingerich 1983
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae
Haplaletes diminutivus Dorr 1952
    = Dorraletes diminutivus Dorr 1952
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Condylarthra
Condylarthra indet. Cope 1881
form "2"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Miacidae
Miacidae indet. Cope 1880
Viverravinae indet. Matthew 1909
Mammalia - Viverravidae
Protictis paralus n. sp. Holtzman 1978
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae
Ectocion wyomingensis (Gazin 1956)
    = Ectocion collinus Russell 1929
Alroy 2002
Phenacodus primaevus (Cope 1873)
    = Phenacodus grangeri Simpson 1935
Thewissen 1990
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae
Thryptacodon australis Simpson 1935
Arctocyon sp. Blainville 1841
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Leptacodon ? tener Matthew and Granger 1921
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Propalaeosinopa albertensis Simpson 1927
Mammalia - Primates - Carpolestidae
Carpodaptes hobackensis Dorr 1952
    = Carpodaptes cf. hazelae Simpson 1936
Beard and Wang 1995
"more likely" this species
    = Carpodaptes cf. hobackensis Dorr 1952
Fox 2002
Carpodaptes cygneus (Russell 1967)
    = Carpocristes sp. Beard and Wang 1995
Beard 2000
    = Carpodaptes cf. hazelae Simpson 1936
Fox 2002
Mammalia - Primates - Plesiadapidae
Plesiadapis rex (Gidley 1923)
    = Plesiadapis cf. churchilli Gingerich 1975
Kihm and Hartman 1997
Mammalia - Primates - Paromomyidae
Ignacius frugivorus Matthew and Granger 1921
Mammalia - Proteutheria - Palaeoryctidae
Palaeoryctes cf. punctatus Van Valen 1966
Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae
Acipenser sp. Linnaeus 1758
Actinopteri - Aspidorhynchiformes - Aspidorhynchidae
Belonostomus sp. Agassiz 1834
Bryant 1987 1 specimen
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Amia sp. Linnaeus 1766
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Chondrichthyes - Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Myledaphus sp. Cope 1876
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
Odontaspis sp. Agassiz 1838
Bivalvia - Pholadida - Corbulidae
Bicorbula sp. Fischer 1887
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:North Dakota County:Morton
Coordinates: 46.9° North, 101.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:52.1° North, 76.8° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Paleocene
Stage:Danian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 1
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Danian
Age range of interval:66.00000 - 61.60000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Fort Union Member:Tongue River
Local section:Tngue Local bed:2
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphy comments: Peppe et al. 2011: Paleomagnetic analyses of the Tongue River Member document a series of polarity reversals that can be correlated to C29n–C26r of the GPTS suggesting Danian age
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:field collection
Collection size:291 specimens
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collectors:R. Holtzman Collection dates:1977
Taxonomic list comments:"four distinct sites"
probably actually in the Slope Fm.: Hartman and Kihm 1991
Gunnell 1994 lists Ptilodus sp. "C"; not clear if this replaces P. wyomingensis
Metadata
Also known as:L6; L8
Database number:14962
Authorizer:J. Alroy, M. Carrano, P. Holroyd Enterer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, M. Carrano
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2022-10-05 09:25:45
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1929. R. C. Holtzman. 1978. Late Paleocene Mammals of the Tongue River Formation, Western North Dakota. North Dakota Geological Survey Report of Investigations 65:1-88 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1039 K. C. Beard. 2000. A new species of Carpocristes (Mammalia: Primatomorpha) from the middle Tiffanian of the Bison Basin, Wyoming, with notes on carpolestid phylogeny. Annals of Carnegie Museum 69(3):195-208 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/K. Beard]
1047 K. C. Beard and J. Wang. 1995. The first Asian plesiadapoids. Annals of Carnegie Museum 64(1):1-33 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
82793 R. D. Benson. 1999. Presbyornis isoni and oher late Paleocene birds from North Dakota. In S. L. Storrs, P. Wellnhofer, C. Mourer-Chauviré, D. W. Steadman, L. D. Martin (eds.), Avian Paleontology at the Close of the 20th Century: Proceedings of the 4th International Meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Washington, D.C, 4-7 June 1996. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 89:253-259 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
64908 L. J. Bryant. 1987. Belonostomus (Teleostei: Aspidorhynchidae) from the Late Paleocene of North Dakota. PaleoBios (43)1-2 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
87093 S. J. ElShafie. 2024. Body size estimation from isolated fossil bones reveals deep time evolutionary trends in North American lizards. PLoS ONE 19(1:e0296318):1-25 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
7175 R. C. Fox. 2002. The dentition and relationships of Carpodaptes cygneus (Russell) (Carpolestidae, Plesiadapiformes, Mammalia), from the late Paleocene of Alberta, Canada. Journal of Paleontology 76(5):864-881 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1652 P. D. Gingerich. 1983. New Adapisoricidae, Pentacodontidae, and Hyopsodontidae (Mammalia, Insectivora and Condylarthra) from the late Paleocene ofWyoming and Colorado. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 26(11):227-255 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
2083 A. J. Kihm and J. H. Hartman. 1997. A reevaluation of the biochronology of the Brisbane and Judson local faunas (Late Paleocene), North Dakota. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(3):57A [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
2161 D. W. Krause. 1987. Systematic Revision of the Genus Prochetodon (Ptilodontidae, Multituberculata) from the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene of Western North America. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(8):221-236 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
3401 J. G. M. Thewissen. 1990. Evolution of Paleocene and Eocene Phenacodontidae (Mammalia, Condylarthra). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 29:1-107 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]