PBDB Collection

Monticino: Messinian, Italy

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Thalassyctis ex gr. chaerethis	Rook et al. 2015

	Neomiosorex sp.	Rook et al. 2015

	Eremiadini indet.	Villa et al. 2021	8 specimens
	eight pairs of fused frontals (BRS4/H/23; BRS5bis/H/11; BRS5tg2/H/2; BRS6/H/3; BRS24/H/22; BR2S5/H/87; BRNSoNumber/H/14; BR?S/H/14).
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Brachyopidae

	Platyceps planicarinatus	Villa et al. 2021	3 specimens
	replaced by Platycepsion
	Three trunk vertebrae (BRS?/H/3, 17- 18).
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Anura indet. (Fischer von Waldheim 1813)	Villa et al. 2021
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

	Pelobates sp. Wagler 1830	Villa et al. 2021	6 specimens
	Six maxillae (BRS5tg2/H/44; BRS25/H/8, 6,1 411, 132; BR?/SH/7).
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae

	Pelophylax sp. Fitzinger 1843	Villa et al. 2021	3 specimens
	Three ilia (BRS3/H/3-4; BRS6/H/23).

	Rana ex gr. ridibunda Pallas 1771	Rook et al. 2015
	recombined as Pelophylax ridibunda
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae

	Bufonidae indet. Gray 1825	Villa et al. 2021	12 specimens
	Two trunk vertebrae (BRS5bis/H/27; BRS25/H/27); one sacral vertebra (BRS25/H/92); two urostyles (BRS18/H/9; BRS?/H/20); seven humeri (BRS4/H/28; BRS9/H/20; BRS25/H/179; BRS?/H/19).

	Bufo viridis Laurenti 1768	Rook et al. 2015
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Hylidae

	cf. Hyla sp. Laurenti 1768	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	One ilium (BRS25/H/15).
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Latonia sp. von Meyer 1843	Rook et al. 2015

	? Discoglossoidea indet. (Sokol 1977)	Villa et al. 2021	2 specimens
	One atlas (BRS25/H/203); one sacral vertebra (BRS25/H/207).
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela

	Urodela indet. (Duméril 1805)	Villa et al. 2021	5 specimens
	One caudal vertebra (BRS2/H/6); one radius (BRS25/H/244); three ilia (BRS1bis/H/4; BRS25/H/67, 209).

	Lissotriton sp. Bell 1839	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	One trunk vertebra (BRS25/H/243).
Reptilia - Otidiformes - Otididae

	Otididae indet. Gray 1840	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	one distal fragment of a left tibiotarsus (BRS5b/Av/1).
Reptilia - Strigiformes

	Strigiformes indet. Wagler 1830	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	One ungueal phalanx with broken tip (BRS25/Av/2).
Reptilia - Passeriformes

	Passeriformes indet. Linnaeus 1758	Villa et al. 2021	5 specimens
	One distal left humerus (BRS85/Av/2); two proximal left ulnae (BRS25/Av/3; BRS25/Av/4); one proximal right carpometacarpus (BRS25/Av/5); one distal right tarsometatarsus (BRS9/Av/1).
Reptilia - Phasianidae

	Phasianidae indet. Horsfield 1821	Villa et al. 2021	9 specimens
	One proximal fragment of left scapula (BRS24/Av/3); one proximal left coracoid (BRS24/Av/1); one shaft of right coracoid (BRS25/Av/6); one distal right humerus (BRS19/ Av/2); one distal left ulna (BRS86/Av/1); one proximal right ulna (BRS24/Av/2); one fragment of proximal left carpometacarpus (BRS4/Av/1); one proximal right carpometacarpus (BRS15/Av/1); two complete left wing phalanges (BRS4/Av/2; BRS5b/Av/2).
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae

	Accipitridae indet. Viellot 1816	Villa et al. 2021	3 specimens
	One complete ungueal phalanx (BRS5/ Av/1); two ungueal phalanges with broken tip (BRS25/Av/1; BRS85/Av/1).
Reptilia

	Crocodylia indet. (Owen 1842)
	two isolated teeth
Reptilia - Crocodylia

	Crocodylia indet. (Owen 1842)	Villa et al. 2021	2 specimens
	Two teeth (BRS3/H/2; BRS6/H/6).
Reptilia - Serpentes

	Serpentes indet. Linnaeus 1758	Villa et al. 2021
Reptilia - Colubridae

	Malpolon sp. Fitzinger 1826	Villa et al. 2021	145 specimens
	one hundred forty anterior trunk vertebrae (BRS1bis/H/8; BRS3/H/10; BRS4/H/32; BRS5bis/H/17, 31; BRS5tg2/H/28, 35; BRS6/H/12-13, 17; BRS9/H/11, 15; BRS15/H/14; BRS16/H/8; BRS18/H/13; BRS19/H/17-18, 21; BRS25/H/52, 88, 144, 150, 188, 192-194, 196, 222, 229, 231, 288; BRS28/H/6; BRS28?/H/6; BRSNoNumber/H/6, 20); nine posterior trunk vertebrae (BRS4/H/35; BRS6/H/18; BRS25/H/29, 189, 195, 197; BRS28/H/19); five fragments of indeterminate trunk vertebra (BRS5bis/H/18-21; BRS25/H/291).

	cf. Paleoheterodon arcuatus Rage and Holman 1984	Villa et al. 2021	2 specimens
	One trunk vertebra (BRS25/H/9); one fragment of trunk vertebra (BRS25/H/191).

	Natrix sp. Laurenti 1768	Rook et al. 2015	1 specimen
	One trunk vertebra (BRS15/H/1).
Reptilia - Crotalidae

	Vipera sp. Laurenti 1768	Rook et al. 2015

	Vipera sp. Laurenti 1768	Villa et al. 2021	47 specimens
	Thirty-nine trunk vertebrae (BRS5bis/H/14; BRS6/H/19; BRS9/H/16; BRS15/H/2; BRS18/H/10; BRS19/H/3, 22; BRS25/H/220-221, 228, 249); eight fragments ofuntrk ervtebra (B2R5S/H/50, 6, 7 7, 9 842).
Reptilia - Boidae

	Eryx cf. jaculus	Rook et al. 2015	81 specimens
	One cervical vertebra (BRS25/H/153); 35 trunk vertebrae (BRS2/H/4; BRS4/H/33; BRS5bis/H/15; BRS5tg2/H/26; BRS6/H/9; BRS9/H/10; BRS15/H/3; BRS19/H/4; BRS25/H/151, 156, 198; BRS27/H/17); two articulated trunk vertebrae (BRS25/H/252); 40 caudal vertebrae (BRS4/H/34; BRS4?/H/2; BRS5bis/H/16; BRS5tg2/H/24; BRS6/H/8, 10-11; BRS9/H/8-9; BRS24/H/1; BRS25/H/131, 143, 155, 157-159; BRS28/H/3); two articulated caudal vertebrae (BRS5tg2/H/25); one fragment of vertebra (BRS25/H/152).
Reptilia - Scincidae

	Scincidae indet. Gray 1825	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	one fragmentary dentary (BRS25/H/142).

	? Scincidae indet. Gray 1825	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	one fragment of tooth-bearing bone (BRS27/H/15).
Reptilia

	Amphisbaenia indet. Gray 1844	Rook et al. 2015
Reptilia - Amphisbaenia

	Amphisbaenia indet. (Gray 1844)	Villa et al. 2021	5 specimens
	Four trunk vertebrae (BR19/H/1, 2; BRS25/H/17, 86); one fragment of trunk vertebra (BRS25/H/18).
Reptilia - Lacertidae

	Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831	Rook et al. 2015

	Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831	Villa et al. 2021	107 specimens
	Four fragmentary maxillae (BRS4?/H/5; BrS24/H/17; BRS28/H/17); one jugal (BRS25/H/187); two dentaries (BRS4/H/21; BRS?/H/13); 22 fragmentary dentaries (BRS4/H/20; BRS5tg2/H/16; BRS8/H/1; BRS18/H/6; BRS19/H/11; BRS24/H/18, 21, 35; BRS25/H/184; BRS27/H/12; BRS28/H/18); four fragmentary dentaries articulated with the splenial (BRS5tg2/H/18; BRS25/H/11, 12, 148); 71 fragments of tooth-bearing bones (BRS4/H/19; BRS4?/H/6; BRS5bis/H/10; BRS5tg2/H/17; BRS8/H/2; BRS15/H/6; BRS16/H/4; BRS18/H/5; BRS19/H/10, 12; BRS24/H/19; BRS25/H/10, 47, 84, 147, 183; BRS27/H/13); two teeth (BRS5tg2/H/1; BRS25/H/48); one fragmentary lower jaw (BRS25/H/251).
Reptilia - Varanidae

	Varanus sp. Merrem 1820	Rook et al. 2015	13 specimens
	Two teeth (BRS5bis/H/13; BRS6/H/7); two trunk vertebrae (BRS6/H/4; BRS25/H/138); two fragments of trunk vertebrae (BRS25/H/85, 129); two caudal vertebrae (BRS25/H/130; BRS27/H/4); four fragments of vertebrae (BRS6/H/5; BRSNoNumber/H/1-2); one humerus (BRS25/H/128).
Reptilia - Anguidae

	Anguinae indet. Gray 1825	Villa et al. 2021	76 specimens
	Two fragmentary maxillae (BRS5tg2/H/8; BRS24/H/13); two pterygoids (BRS5tg2/H/3, 22); one ectopterygoid (BRS5tg2/H/23); six fragments of tooth-bearing bones (BRS5tg2/H/5; BRS6/H/2; BRS25/H/140); 65 fragments of trunk vertebrae (BRS4/H/5; BRS5bis/H/2; BRS5tg2/H/20; BRS9/H/2; BRS15/H/5; BRS16/H/2; BRS19/H/7; BRS24/H/11; BRS25/H/1, 45, 111, 170-171; BRSNoNumber/H/16); 58 caudal vertebrae (BRS4/H/6; BRS5bis/H/3; BRS5tg2/H/21; BRS16/H/3; BRS19/H/8; BRS24/H/12, 37; BRS25/H/46, 112- 114, 127, 139, 168, 172, 270, 285; BRSNoNumber/H/15); 2737 osteoderms (BRS1bis/H/1; BRS3/H/1; BRS4/H/1-4; BRS5bis/H/1; BRS5tg2/H/27; BRS6/H/1; BRS8/H/5; BRS9/H/1; BRS15/H/4; BRS16/H/1; BRS18/H/1; BRS19/H/6, 9; BRS24/H/8, 23-24; BRS25/H/2, 19, 110, 120, 123-126, 167, 185-186, 233, 237, 246, 275, 293; BRS27/H/1-3; BRS28/H/1-2, 16; BRSNoNumber/H/17; BRS?/H/8-12).

	Ophisaurus sp. Daudin 1803	Rook et al. 2015	17 specimens
	One frontal (BRS25/H/160); one parietal (BRS25/H/119); one fragmentary parietal (BRS25/H/121); one fragmentary maxilla (BRS5tg2/H/7); two dentaries (BRS25/H/7, 135); seven fragments of tooth-bearing bone (BRS4/H/22; BRS4?/H/4; BRS5tg2/H/6; BRS25/H/6, 137; BRS27/H/14); 12 teeth (BRS5tg2/H/4; BRS24/H/10; BRS25/H/136, 271); two trunk vertebrae (BRS5bis/H/35; BRS28/H/15).

	Pseudopus sp. Merrem 1820	Villa et al. 2021	7 specimens
	Two frontals (BRS25/H/117-118); one fragmentary maxilla (BRS25/H/182); one fragment of toothbearing bone (BRS25/H/122); three trunk vertebrae (BRS24/H/9; BRS25/H/166; BRS28/H/4).
Reptilia - Agamidae

	Agaminae indet.	Villa et al. 2021	2 specimens
	Two fragmentary maxillae (BRS25/H/4, 5); one denta ry (MSF 67).
Reptilia - Testudines

	Testudines indet. Batsch 1788	Villa et al. 2021
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae

	Testudo sp. Linnaeus 1758	Rook et al. 2015	44 specimens
	Two nuchals (MFS.551; BRS25/H/254); two neurals (BRS25/H/255); two undetermined peripherals (MFS.550,2; MFS.550,3); one left peripheral 7 sutured to the peripheral 8 (MFS.550,4); two bridge peripherals 3 or 7 (MFS.537; BRS?/H/26); one suprapygal (BRS?/H/25); two pygals (MFS.549; BRS?/H/27); one entoplastron (BRS?/H/24); one left hyoplastron (MSF.553,2); one right hypoplastron (MSF.553,1); one tibia (BRS25/H/274); 29 limb osteoderms (BRS25/H/3,13, 64, 98, 225, 256, 265, 272, 273; BRS28/H/5).
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae

	Mauremys sp. Gray 1870	Villa et al. 2021	2 specimens
	One neural (BRS25/H/258); one costal 6 (MSF.70); one entoplastron (BRS25/H/257).
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Megadermatidae

	Megaderma cf. mediterraneum	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Hipposideridae

	Asellia cf. mariaetheresae Mein 1958	Rook et al. 2015

	Hipposideros cf. vetus	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae

	Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799	Rook et al. 2015

	Rhinolophus cf. kowalskii Topál 1979	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae

	Myotis cf. boyeri Mein 1965	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Tubulidentata - Orycteropodidae

	Orycteropus cf. gaudryi Forsyth Major 1888	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

	cf. Gomphotheriidae indet. Hay 1922	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Pholidota

	Squamata indet. Huxley 1872	Villa et al. 2021
	synonym of Pholidota
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae

	Mellivora benfieldi Hendy 1978	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

	Eucyon monticinensis n. sp. (Rook 1992)	Rook et al. 2015
	original and current combination Canis monticinensis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae

	Plioviverrops faventinus n. sp.	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae

	Felis sp. Linnaeus 1758	Rook et al. 2015
	"ex gr. attica-christoli"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Hippotherium malpassii	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

	Stephanorhinus cf. megarhinus	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Suidae

	Propotamochoerus provincialis	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Cervidae

	Procapreolus sp. Schlosser 1929	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Bovidae

	Samotragus occidentalis n. sp.	Rook et al. 2015

	cf. Parabos sp. Arambourg and Piveteau 1929	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Soricidae

	Miosorex pusilliformis (Doben-Florin 1964)	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Erinaceidae

	Mioechinus sp. Butler 1948	Rook et al. 2015

	Galerix depereti Crochet 1986	Rook et al. 2015
	recombined as Parasorex depereti
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae

	Prolagus cf. sorbinii	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae

	Trischizolagus cf. maritzae	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae

	Hystrix depereti Sen 2001	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae

	Cricetus cf. barrierei Mein and Michaux 1970	Rook et al. 2015
	recombined as Apocricetus barrierei

	Ruscinomys cf. lasallei Adrover 1969	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae

	Stephanomys debruijni n. sp.	Rook et al. 2015

	Centralomys benericetti n. sp.	Rook et al. 2015

	Paraethomys anomalus	Rook et al. 2015

	Apodemus cf. gudrunae van de Weerd 1976	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae

	Myomimus sp. Ognev 1924	Rook et al. 2015

	Muscardinus sp. Kaup 1829	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae

	Atlantoxerus cf. rhodius de Bruijn et al. 1970	Rook et al. 2015

	Hylopetes sp. Thomas 1908	Rook et al. 2015
Mammalia - Primates - Cercopithecidae

	Mesopithecus cf. pentelicus Wagner 1839	Rook et al. 2015
Actinopteri - Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae

	? Sciaenidae indet. Cuvier 1828	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	one partially complete abdominal vertebra (BRS19/F/2).
Actinopteri - Cichliformes - Cichlidae

	? Cichlidae indet. Heckel 1840	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	One isolated tooth (BRS19/F/1).
Actinopteri - Cyprinodontiformes - Cyprinodontidae

	Aphanius crassicaudus Agassiz 1839	Villa et al. 2021	1 specimen
	One abdominal vertebra (BRS2/F/1).
unclassified

	Colubroides indet. Zaher et al. 2009	Villa et al. 2021	7 specimens
	Seven trunk vertebrae (BRS25/H/133-134, 89; 2 B27R/SH/11).
see common names

Geography

Country:	Italy	State/province:	Ravenna
Coordinates:	44.2° North, 11.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	44.0° North, 11.6° East
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	small collection

Time

Period:	Neogene	Epoch:	Miocene
Stage:	Messinian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:	Messinian
Age range of interval:	7.24600 - 5.33300 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Colombacci
Stratigraphic resolution:	bed
Stratigraphy comments: Also mentioned as Turolian in an earlier paper. "The fossil remains are preserved within the sediments of the Colombacci Formation, filling paleokarst features affecting the underlying Gessoso-solfifera Formation, and sealed by marine clays of Pliocene Argille Azzurre Formation. Such a geological framework allowed quite a firm chronological attribution for the paleofauna, referred to the latest Messinian, about 5.4 million years ago." - Rook et al (2015)

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	not reported
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: "[... superficial paleo-karstic morphologies and a network of tectonic-karst cracks in the gypsum, filled with sediments of the Colombacci Formation, containing important fossil remains of continental vertebrates]" - translated from the Italian (Rook et al, 2015)
Environment:	fissure fill

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils

Collection methods and comments

Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Taxonomic list comments:Also mentioned by Rook et al (2015): Ruminante di taglia molto piccola [ruminant of very small size], no taxonomy given.

Metadata

Also known as:	Brisighella
Database number:	144566
Authorizer:	P. Mannion, E. Vlachos, J. Marcot, T. Cleary	Enterer:	P. Mannion, E. Vlachos, J. Marcot, T. Cleary
Modifier:	T. Cleary	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2013-05-10 23:01:31	Last modified:	2019-10-09 09:28:20
Access level:	the public	Released:	2013-05-10 23:01:31
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

46758.

T. Kotsakis, M. Delfino, and P. Piras. 2004. Italian Cenozoic crocodilians: taxa, timing and palaeobiogeographic implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 210:67-87 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

62999		E. Cregut-Bonnoure and E. Tsoukala. 2017. The Pliocene Artiodactyla and Proboscidea (Mammalia) from Gephyra (lower Axios valley, Macedonia, Greece). Discovery of a new boselaphine. Quaternary International [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
70423		L. Rook, M. Delfino, and M. Sami. 2015. I vertebrati fossili della cava del Monticino di Brisighella: una finestra sui popolamenti continentali del Mediterraneo nel Miocene superiore. Memorie dell’Istituto Italiano di Speleologia 28:79-100 [T. Cleary/T. Cleary]
77160		A. Villa, G. Carnevale, M. Pavia, L. Rook, M. Sami, Z. Szyndlar, and M. Delfino. 2021. An overview of the late Miocene vertebrates from the fissure fillings of Monticino Quarry (Brisighella, Italy), with new data on non-mammalian taxa. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 127(2):297-354 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]