PBDB Collection

Le Bretou: Bartonian, France

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Slyphornis bretouensis n. gen., n. sp.	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	16 specimens

	Lyptophyla indet.	Sigé 1988	3 specimens

	Anchilophus gaudini Pictet and Humbert 1869	Remy 1988	39 specimens
	recombined as Metanchilophus gaudini
	This number (39) is only for the upper maxillary teeth... must be many more.
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Anura indet. (Fischer von Waldheim 1813)	Rage 1988	1 specimen
	USTL BRT 1110, very fragmentary ilium
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

	Pelobatidae indet. Lataste 1879	Rage 1988	3 specimens
	USTL BRT 876 and 877, two maxilla fragments; BRT 878, one squamosal fragment
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelodytidae

	cf. Pelodytes sp. Fitzinger 1838	Rage 1988	4 specimens
	USTL BRT 879 and 1108, two presacral vertebrae; BRT 1109, probably a third presacral vertebra; BRT 880, a humerus
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela

	Salamandra sansaniensis Lartet 1851	Rage 1988	28 specimens
	USTL BRT 858-875, 1381-1383, 21 vertebrae; BRT 1101-1107, 7 very small vertebrae; 2 individuals minimum, one of which may comprise elements from several juveniles.
Reptilia - Gekkonidae

	Cadurcogekko piveteaui Hoffstetter 1946	Rage 1988	32 specimens
	USTL BRT 855 and 1154-1160, eight dentaries; BRT 852-853, 856, 1201-1217, 1374-1378, 24 vertebrae
Reptilia - Iguanidae

	? Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811	Rage 1988	43 specimens
	USTL BRT 1111-1132, 22 dentaries; BRT 1133 and 1134, 2 maxilla fragments; BRT 1135-1153, 19 vertebrae; represents at least 12 individuals

	Pseudolacerta lamandini Filhol 1877	Augé 1987
	recombined as Geiseltaliellus lamandini
	(from Rage 88) USTL BRT 1170, 1 fragmentary left dentary

	Cadurciguana hoffstetteri Auge 1987	Augé 2005	24 specimens
	seven left dentaries; six right dentaries; MNHN QU 17731, right dentary; three incomplete maxillae; MNHN QU 17732 and 17733, two frontals; three caudal vertebrae; two dorsal vertebrae
Reptilia - Russellopheidae

	Russellopheidae indet. Rage 1978	Rage 1988	2 specimens
	USTL BRT 1372, 1373, two vertebrae representing 2 individuals
Reptilia - Boidae

	Boidae indet. Gray 1825	Rage 1988	7 specimens
	cf. from Crochet et al 1981: USTL BRT 1338-1344, 7 dorsal vertebrae

	Cadurceryx cf. filholi Hoffstetter and Rage 1972	Rage 1988	3 specimens
	USTL BRT 1316, one dorsal vertebra; BRT 1260, one cloacal vertebra; BRT 1317, one caudal vertebra

	Palaeopython cadurcensis (Filhol 1877)	Rage 1988	3 specimens
	original and current combination Python cadurcensis
	USTL BRT 1318-1320, three vertebrae; 2 or 3 individuals

	Palaeopython aff. cadurcensis (Filhol 1877)	Rage 1988	19 specimens
	original and current combination Python cadurcensis
	USTL BRT 1321-1337, 1385-1386, 19 vertebrae
Reptilia - Tropidophiidae

	Dunnophis cadurcensis Rage 1974	Rage 1988	5 specimens
	USTL BRT 1311-1315, 5 vertebrae; at least 2 individuals

	Platyspondylia sudrei n. sp. Rage 1988	Rage 1988	27 specimens
	USTL BRT 1345 (holotype), single mid-trunk vertebra; BRT 1346-1371, additional 26 vertebrae
Reptilia

	Coniophis sp. Marsh 1892	Rage 1988	2 specimens
	nomen dubium belonging to Serpentes
	USTL BRT 1309, 1310, 2 vertebrae
Reptilia - Cordylidae

	Eocordyla mathisi Augé 2005	Augé 2005	1 specimen
	incomplete right dentary

	Pseudolacerta sp. De Stefano 1903	Augé 1987
	(from Rage 88) USTL BRT 1218-1225, 8 fragmentary dentaries; BRT 851, 1230-1235, 9 vertebrae; BRT 1226-1229, 4 fragmentary dentaries; BRT 1388-1389, 2 vertebrae

	Pseudolacerta quercyini n. sp. Augé 2005	Augé 2005	6 specimens
	MNHN BRT 1413 (holotype), left dentary; additional specimens from MNHN include three more or less complete left dentaries, an incomplete right dentary, and a right maxilla

	Pseudolacerta mucronata Filhol 1877	Augé 1987
	(from Rage 88) USTL BRT 1169, 1 fragmentary left dentary
Reptilia - Lacertidae

	Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831	Augé 2005	1 specimen
	USTL BRT 1261, incomplete parietal

	Plesiolacerta lydekkeri (Hoffstetter 1942)	Rage 1988	10 specimens
	Iguana europaea
	USTL BRT 857, 1161-1168, 1387, 10 vertebrae; represents at least 2 individuals.

	Gracilicerta sindexi Augé 2005	Augé 2005	7 specimens
	five right dentaries, two left dentaries
Reptilia - Necrosauridae

	Necrosaurus cf. cayluxi Filhol 1873	Rage 1988	9 specimens
	USTL BRT 1269-1276, 8 vertebrae; BRT 1380, an osteoderm; at least two individuals
Reptilia

	Eurheloderma gallicum Hoffstetter 1957	Augé 2005	9 specimens
	six dorsal vertebrae, ?one cervical, one sacral, ?one caudal
Reptilia - Anguidae

	cf. Anguis sp. Linnaeus 1758	Rage 1988	10 specimens
	USTL BRT 1238-1245, 1379, nine vertebrae; BRT 1246, probably a parietal fragment; at least two individuals

	cf. Ophisaurus sp. Daudin 1803	Rage 1988	2 specimens
	USTL BRT 1236-1237, 2 vertebrae of two individuals

	Anguini indet. Augé 2005	Augé 2005

	Placosaurus sp. Gervais 1852	Rage 1988	36 elements
	USTL BRT 1262-1267, 6 vertebrae; BRT 1268, 1390, about 30 osteoderms; represents at least 4 individuals.
Reptilia

	Amphisbaenia informal indet. A Gray 1844	Rage 1988	1 specimen
	"Morphologic Type A" USTL BRT 1277, a dentary

	Amphisbaenia informal indet. B Gray 1844	Rage 1988	1 specimen
	"Morphologic Type B" USTL BRT 1278, a dentary

	Amphisbaenia indet. Gray 1844	Rage 1988	52 specimens
	USTL BRT 1279-1308, 1384, 1391-1411, 52 vertebrae
Reptilia - Blanidae

	Cuvieribaena carlgansi n. gen., n. sp. Cernansky et al. 2015	Cernansky et al. 2015	1 specimen
	USTL BRT 1417 (holotype), complete left mandible
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae

	Ptychogaster aff. cayluxensis Lydekker 1889	Rage 1988	1 specimen
	USTL BRT 854, one nuchal plate
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae

	Diatropornis ellioti	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	1 specimen
Reptilia - Apodiformes - Aegialornithidae

	Aegialornis wetmorei Collins 1976	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	3 specimens
	recombined as Mesogiornis wetmorei

	Aegialornis gallicus Lydekker 1891	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	3 specimens
Reptilia - Coliiformes - Coliidae

	Primocolius sigei Mourer-Chauviré 1988	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	2 specimens
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Idiornithidae

	Idiornis gaillardi Cracraft 1973	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	1 specimen
	recombined as Dynamopterus gaillardi
Reptilia - Caprimulgiformes - Caprimulgidae

	Ventivorus ragei n. gen., n. sp. Mourer-Chauviré 1988	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	2 specimens
Reptilia

	Taoperdix sp. Milne-Edwards 1869	Mourer-Chauviré 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia

	Amphiperatherium fontense Crochet 1979	Crochet 1988	2 specimens

	Amphiperatherium bourdellense Crochet 1979	Crochet 1988
	represents 10% of the Bretou marsupials

	Amphiperatherium minutum Aymard 1846	Crochet 1988
	represents 47% of the Bretou marsupials

	Peratherium lavergnense Crochet 1979	Crochet 1988
	represents 24% of the Bretou marsupials

	Peratherium bretouense Crochet 1979	Crochet 1988
	represents 17% of the Bretou marsupials

	Eutheria indet. (Huxley 1880)	Sigé 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia - Rodentia - Theridomyidae

	Pseudoltinomys aff. mamertensis Hartenberger 1973	Comte et al. 2012

	Paradelomys crusafonti Thaler 1966	Comte et al. 2012

	Suevosciurus romani	Hartenberger 1988	11 specimens
	"Suevosciurus (Suevosciurus) romani"

	Remys minimus	Hartenberger 1988	31 specimens

	? Remys sp. Thaler 1966	Hartenberger 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia - Rodentia - Pseudosciuridae

	Sciuroides sp. Major 1873	Hartenberger 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae

	Plesiarctomys huerzeleri Wood 1970	Hartenberger 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae

	Anchomomys aff. quercyi Stehlin 1916	Godinot 1988	3 specimens
	recombined as Anchomomys (Huerzeleris) quercyi
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae

	Pseudoloris parvulus (Filhol 1890)		11 specimens
	original and current combination Necrolemur parvulus

	Necrolemur zitteli Schlosser 1887		5 specimens

	Necrolemur cf. antiquus Filhol 1873	Godinot 1988	33 specimens
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae

	cf. Prototomus ? minor	Crochet 1988	5 specimens

	Cynohyaenodon magnus n. sp. Crochet 1988	Crochet 1988	6 specimens
	a right maxilla and a dentary fragments likely belong to one individual
Mammalia

	Quercygale aff. angustidens (Filhol 1872)	Crochet 1988	9 specimens
Mammalia - Carnivora - Miacidae

	Miacidae indet. Cope 1880	Crochet 1988	4 specimens

	Simamphicyon helveticus Pictet and Humbert 1869	Crochet 1988	9 specimens
Mammalia - Tapirulidae

	Tapirulus schlosseri Stehlin 1910	Sudre 1988	11 specimens
	synonomous with Tapirulus cf. schlosseri of Sudre 1978, p. 102, fig. 4 (not previously listed here). Greater than 11 specimens; many additional isolated upper and lower molars.
Mammalia - Robiacinidae

	Robiacina minuta Sudre 1969		16 specimens
Mammalia - Dichobunidae

	Mouillacitherium elegans Filhol 1882	Sudre 1988	2 specimens
Mammalia - Cebochoeridae

	Cebochoerus campichii Pictet 1855	Sudre 1988	2 specimens
	recombined as Acotherulum campichii
	Cebochoerus (Gervachoerus) campichii

	Cebochoerus (Cebochoerus) helveticus (Pictet and Humbert 1869)	Sudre 1988	18 specimens
Mammalia - Amphimerycidae

	Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae Stehlin 1910		12 specimens
	may be more specimens

	Pseudamphimeryx renevieri Pictet and Humbert 1869	Sudre 1988	7 specimens
	Likely more than specimens; "probably a number of other isolated teeth."
Mammalia - Xiphodontidae

	Haplomeryx cf. picteti Stehlin 1910	Sudre 1988	48 specimens

	Leptotheridium cf. traguloides Stehlin 1910		71 specimens
	a number of isolated teeth were not included in this count

	Dichodon sp. Owen	Sudre 1988	8 specimens

	Dichodon vidalenci n. sp.	Sudre 1988	10 specimens
	differs from Dichodon sp.

	Xiphodon cf. castrense Kowalevsky 1873	Sudre 1988	26 specimens
	corrected as Xiphodon castrensis
Mammalia - Anoplotheriidae

	Catodontherium robiacense	Sudre 1988	2 specimens

	Dacrytherium cf. elegans Filhol 1884		1 specimen

	Dacrytherium elegans Filhol 1884	Sudre 1988	20 specimens
	Indicates that D. cf. elegans molar of Sudre 1978 is different.

	Robiatherium cournovense Dudre 1969	Sudre 1988	2 specimens
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Lophiodontidae

	Lophiodon sp. Cuvier 1822	Remy 1988
	many teeth in a 2 cm square by 0.5 cm deep surface
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae

	Anchilophus cf. dumasi Gervais 1849	Remy 1988	10 specimens
	= Metanchilophus castrensis Remy 2012	Remy 2015
	UM MOI-02

	Metanchilophus gaudini (Pictet and Humbert 1869)	Remy 2015

	Anchilophus cf. desmaresti Gervais 1852	Remy 1988	15 specimens
	Most abundant small perissodactyl at Bretou.
	= Anchilophus jeanteti Remy 2012	Remy 2015
	recombined as Anchilophus (Paranchilophus) jeanteti

	Pachynolophus bretovensis n. sp. Remy 1988	Remy 1988	3 specimens

	? Propalaeotherium sp. Gervais	Remy 1988	5 specimens

	Plagiolophus annectens Owen 1847	Remy 1988	30 specimens

	Palaeotherium siderolithicum Pictet and Humbert 1869	Remy 1988	14 specimens
	many juveniles

	Leptolophus ? stehlini Remy 1965	Remy 1988	1 specimen

	Propalaeotherium parvulum (Laurillard 1849)	Remy 1988	5 specimens
	original and current combination Lophiodon parvulum
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae

	? Saturninia sp. Stehlin 1940	Sigé 1988	1 specimen

	Saturninia mamertensis Sigé 1976	Sigé 1988	3 specimens
	1 individual minimum. Of this material, 1 specimen was previously reported by Sigé 1976.

	Saturninia beata Crochet 1974	Sigé 1988	28 specimens
	4 individuals minimum. Of this material, 10 specimens were previously reported by Sigé 1976.

	? Saturninia beata Crochet 1974	Sigé 1988	1 specimen
Mammalia - Chiroptera

	Rhinolophoidea indet.	Sigé 1988	55 specimens
	7 individuals minimum for 55 specimens..
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Hipposideridae

	Palaeophyllophora quercyi Revilliod 1917	Sigé 1988	1 specimen

	Hipposideros trassounius n. sp.	Sigé 1988	9 specimens
	2 inidividuals minimum.

	Hipposideros schlosseri Revilliod 1917	Sigé 1988	46 specimens
	6 individuals minimum. Hipposideros (Pseudorhinolophus) schlosseri

	cf. Hipposideros schlosseri Revilliod 1917	Sigé 1988	2 specimens
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Emballonuridae

	Vespertiliavus cf. schlosseri	Sigé 1988	32 specimens
	4 individuals minimum.

	Vespertiliavus informal indet. 1 Schlosser 1877	Sigé 1988	1 specimen

	Vespertiliavus informal indet. 2 Schlosser 1877	Sigé 1988	1 specimen

	Vespertiliavus gracilis Revilliod 1920	Sigé 1988	345 specimens
	20 individuals minimum.
see common names

Geography

Country:	France	State/province:	Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region	County:	Tarn-et-Garonne Departement
Coordinates:	44.2° North, 1.7° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	42.1° North, 2.0° West
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	local area

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
Stage:	Bartonian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 3
*Period:	Early/Lower Tertiary - Early/Lower Tertiary	*Epoch:	Middle Eocene - Middle Eocene
*International age/stage:	Bartonian - Bartonian	*Local age/stage:	Marinesien - Marinesien
Key time interval:	Bartonian	Zone:	Robiac level
Age range of interval:	41.20000 - 37.71000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Stratigraphic resolution:	member
Stratigraphy comments: European Mammal Zone ('Niveau Repère') based on rodents

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	phosphorite
Environment:	karst indet.
Geology comments: Rage (1988:ref 11742) states that the vertebrate fauna from Le Bretou indicate a dense, equatorial forest environment and a warm and moist climate.

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:	good
Articulated whole bodies:	none
Associated major elements:	none
Disassociated major elements:	many
Disassociated minor elements:	many

Collection methods and comments

Collection excludes:	some macrofossils
Collection methods:	field collection
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: contains huge amounts of mammalian remains -Anchomomys aff. quercyi, Necrolemur cf. antiquus, and an additional maxilla and mandible of Pseudoloris parvulus (not included in the specimen count of 9) are all in the collections of l'Université de Montpellier (Godinot 1988). Insectivores and Chiropterans reported on by Sigé (1988) are in the collections of l'Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc. Regarding the insectivores and chiropterans (Sigé 1988): Two localities "Locus 1 and 2" are indicated for all specimens, but because they are described as "two contiguous cavities of Bretou... [that] communicated in the same karstic unit, had the same filling and same fauna" they have been entered into the general Le Bretou locality.
Taxonomic list comments:very incomplete -The taxa listed (with specimen abundance) by Rage 1988:11647, are likely duplicates of occurrences from Sudre (1978) and are therefore listed here: Pseudolacerta cf. mucronata (1 specimen) Pseudolacerta cf. lamandini (1 specimen) Psuedolacerta sp. (23 specimens)

Metadata

Also known as:	Quercy Phosphorites
Database number:	12840
Authorizer:	E. Fara, P. Mannion, P. Barrett, J. Alroy	Enterer:	E. Fara, R. Whatley, P. Mannion, T. Cleary
Modifier:	E. Fara	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2001-12-20 06:45:09	Last modified:	2005-08-31 09:07:14
Access level:	group members	Released:	2001-12-20 06:45:09
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

7272.

J.-Y. Crochet, J.-L. Hartenberger, J.-C. Rage, J.A. Remy, B. Sige, J. Sudre, and M. Vianey-Liaud. 1981. Les nouvelles faunes de vertebres anterieurs a la "Grande Coupure" decouvertes dans les phosphorites du Quercy. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 3(3):245-266 [E. Fara/E. Fara/E. Fara]

Secondary references:

4283	5% 20820	M. Augé. 1987. Les Cordylidae (Reptilia, Lacertilia) de l'Eocène français. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 9(2):181-196 [E. Fara/E. Fara/J. Alroy]
59290		M. L. Augé. 2005. Evolution des lézards du Paléogène en Europe. Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 192:1-369 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary/T. Cleary]
57855		A. Cernansky, M. L. Auge, and J.-C. Rage. 2015. A complete mandible of a new amphisbaenian reptile (Squamata, Amphisbaenia) from the Late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 16) of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(1):e902379-1-e902379-9 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
61550		B. Comte, M. Sabatier, B. Marandat and M. Vianey-Liaud. 2012. Les rongeurs de Chéry-Chartreuve et Rocourt-Saint-Martin (est du bassin de Paris; Aisne, France). Leur place parmi les faunes de l'Eocène Moyen d'Europe. Palaeovertebrata 37(4-5):167-271 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
11649		J.-Y. Crochet. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 3. Marsupiaux creodontes et fissipedes. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 3. Marsupialia, Creodonta and Fissipeda.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):61-67 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11599	5% 20800	M. Godinot. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; VI, Primates. [The Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):113-127 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11651		J.-L. Hartenberger. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 5. Rongeurs. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 5. Rodents.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):103-112 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11648		C. Mourer-Chauviré. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 2. Oiseaux. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 2. Birds.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):29-50 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11742		J.-C. Rage. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 10. Conclusions generales. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 10. General conclusions.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):183-189 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11647		J.-C. Rage. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 1. Amphibiens et reptiles. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 1. Amphibians and reptiles.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):3-27 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
11653		J. A. Remy. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 8. Perissodactyles. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 8. Perissodactyla.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):155-172 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
61562		J. A. Remy. 2015. Les Périssodactyles (Mammalia) du gisement Bartonien supérieur de Robiac (Éocène moyen du Gard, Sud de la France). Palaeovertebrata 39(1):e1:1-98 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
11650		B. Sigé. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 4. Insectivores et chiropteres. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 4. Insectivores and bats.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):69-102 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]
8517	5% 7400	J. Sudre. 1978. Les artiodactyles de l'Eocene moyen et superieur d'Europe occidentale; systematique et evolution. Memoires et Travaux de l'Institut de Montpellier de l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes 7:1-229 [E. Fara/E. Fara/M. Uhen]
11652		J. Sudre. 1988. Le gisement du Bretou (Phosphorites du Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) et sa faune des vertebres de l'Eocene superieur; 7. Artiodactyles. [Le Bretou locality (Quercy Phosphorites, Tarn-et-Garonne, France) and its late Eocene vertebrate fauna; 7. Artiodactyla.]. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 205(1-6):129-154 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/R. Whatley]