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Loricata

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Loricata was named by Merrem (1820) [predated by Loricata Schumacher 1817 (a molluscan group) and certainly synonymous with Crocodylia (see Dundee 1989)]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Nesbitt (2011).

It was synonymized subjectively with Crocodilia by Zittel (1890); it was corrected as Loricati by Jaekel (1910) and Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the superorder Loricata by Hay (1930); it was synonymized subjectively with Crocodylia by Kuhn (1966) and Dundee (1989); it was reranked as the unranked clade Loricata by Fitzinger (1826), Nesbitt (2011) and Roberto-Da-Silva et al. (2018).

It was assigned to Monopnoa by Fitzinger (1826); to Rhizodonta by Fitzinger (1843); to Sauri by Quenstedt (1882); to Reptilia by Hay (1902); to Hyperosauria by Jaekel (1910) and Jaekel (1911); to Diplotremata by Hay (1930); to Paracrocodylomorpha by Nesbitt (2011); and to Pseudosuchia by Roberto-Da-Silva et al. (2018).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1820Loricata Merrem
1826Loricata Fitzinger p. 4
1843Loricata Fitzinger p. 35
1882Loricati Quenstedt p. 155
1902Loricata Hay p. 508
1910Loricati Jaekel p. 338
1911Loricati Jaekel p. 162
1930Loricata Hay p. 135
2011Loricata Nesbitt p. 200 fig. 51
2018Loricata Roberto-Da-Silva et al. p. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
RankNameAuthor
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
—Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
—SuchiaKrebs 1974
—Paracrocodylomorpha
—Loricata(Merrem 1820)
—Loricata(Merrem 1820)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Loricata Merrem 1820
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G. †Apatosuchus Sues and Schoch 2013
+
G. †Batrachotomus Gower 1999
+
Unr. Crocodylomorpha Hay 1930 [crocodilian]
+
G. †Carnufex Zanno et al. 2015
+
†Carnufex carolinensis Zanno et al. 2015
G. †Dibothrosuchus Simmons 1965
+
†Dibothrosuchus elaphros Simmons 1965
+
Invalid names: Dibothrosuchus xingsuensis Wu 1986 [synonym]
G. †Dromicosuchus Sues et al. 2003
+
†Dromicosuchus grallator Sues et al. 2003
G. †Eopneumatosuchus Crompton and Smith 1980
+
†Eopneumatosuchus colberti Bronzati et al. 2012
Unr. †Gondwanasuchia Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Notosuchimorpha Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Notosuchiformes Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Invalid names: Terriasuchia Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Invalid names: Chimaerasuchidae Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Fm. †Hallopodidae Marsh 1881 [hallopodid]
+
Invalid names: Halopodinae Nopcsa 1923 [empty]
G. †Hallopus Marsh 1881
+
†Hallopus victor Marsh 1877
G. †Hesperosuchus Colbert 1952
+
†Hesperosuchus agilis Colbert 1952
G. †Kayentasuchus Clark and Sues 2002
+
†Kayentasuchus walkeri Clark and Sues 2002
G. †Litargosuchus Clark and Sues 2002
+
†Litargosuchus leptorhynchus Clark and Sues 2002
G. †Lukousaurus Young 1940
+
†Lukousaurus yini Young 1940
G. †Mycomorphoolithus Moreno-Azanza et al. 2015
+
†Mycomorphoolithus kohringi Moreno-Azanza et al. 2015
Subor. †Paracrocodylia Walker 1968
+
Infraor. †Pedeticosauria Walker 1968
+
Invalid names: Pedeticosauridae Van Hoepen 1915 [empty]
Invalid names: Hallopoda Marsh 1881 [empty]
G. †Paratetrasauropus Ellenberger 1972
+
†Paratetrasauropus seakensis Ellenberger 1970
G. †Pedeticosaurus Van Hoepen 1915
+
†Pedeticosaurus leviseuri Van Hoepen 1915
G. †Phyllodontosuchus Harris et al. 2000
+
†Phyllodontosuchus lufengensis Harris et al. 2000
G. †Pseudhesperosuchus Bonaparte 1969
+
†Pseudhesperosuchus jachaleri Bonaparte 1969
G. †Redondavenator Nesbitt et al. 2005
+
†Redondavenator quayensis Nesbitt et al. 2005
G. †Saltoposuchus von Huene 1921
+
†Saltoposuchus longipes Huene 1921
Unr. †Solidocrania Ruebenstahl et al. 2022
+
G. †Almadasuchus Pol et al. 2013
+
†Almadasuchus figarii Pol et al. 2013
Subor. Crocodyliformes Hay 1930
+
G. †Entradasuchus Hunt and Lockley 1995
+
†Entradasuchus spinosus Hunt and Lockley 1995
Fm. †Gobiosuchidae Osmolska 1972
+
G. †Cassissuchus Buscalioni 2017
G. †Gobiosuchus Osmolska 1972
G. †Zaraasuchus Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Gobiosuchinae Efimov 1983 [empty]
G. †Karatausuchus Efimov 1976
+
†Karatausuchus sharovi Efimov 1976
Fm. Krokolithidae Kohring and Hirsch 1996 [crocodile eggshell]
+
G. †Bauruoolithus Oliveira et al. 2011
G. †Krokolithes Hirsch 1985
Unr. †Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
+
G. †Dianchungosaurus Young 1982
G. †Khuzdarcroco Malkani 2015
G. †Lusitanisuchus Schwarz and Fechner 2004
G. †Microsuchus Saez 1928
Unr. Neosuchia Clark 1988
Infraor. †Notosuchia Gasparini 1971
Fm. †Sulaimanisuchidae Malkani 2010
G. †Titanochampsa Fachini et al. 2022
Invalid names: Cunampaia Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaia simplex Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaiidae [invalid subgroup], Hsisosuchidae Young and Chow 1953 [empty], Mesosuchia Huxley 1875 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Neuquensuchus Fiorelli and Calvo 2007 [Neuquen crocodile]
+
†Neuquensuchus universitas Fiorelli and Calvo 2007
G. †Platyognathus Young 1944
+
†Platyognathus hsui Young 1944
Unr. †Protosuchia Mook 1934
+
Fm. †Artzosuchidae Efimov 1983
G. †Hadongsuchus Hangjae et al. 2005
Fm. †Notochampsidae Haughton 1924
G. †Tagarosuchus Alifanov et al. 1999
Invalid names: Stegomosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty]
Fm. †Protosuchidae Brown 1934
+
G. †Coloradisuchus Martínez et al. 2018
G. †Dianosuchus Young 1982
G. †Edentosuchus Young 1973
G. †Hemiprotosuchus Bonaparte 1969
G. †Hoplosuchus Gilmore 1926
Subfm. †Protosuchinae Busbey III and Gow 1984
G. †Protosuchus Brown 1934
+
Invalid names: Archaeosuchus Brown 1933 [replaced], Lesothosuchus Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
Unr. †Shartegosuchoidea Dollman et al. 2018
+
G. †Shantungosuchus Young 1961
Fm. †Shartegosuchidae Efimov 1988
G. †Sichuanosuchus Peng 1995
G. †Zosuchus Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Crocodilus blavieri Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus provencialis Giebel 1847 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Metasuchia Benton and Clark 1988 [empty], Microchampsa Young 1951 [nomen dubium], Microchampsa scutata Young 1951 [nomen dubium]
G. †Junggarsuchus Clark et al. 2004
+
†Junggarsuchus sloani Clark et al. 2004
G. †Macelognathus Marsh 1884
+
†Macelognathus vagans Marsh 1884
G. †Sphenosuchus Haughton 1915
+
†Sphenosuchus acutus Haughton 1915
G. †Terrestrisuchus Crush 1984
+
Unr. †Thalattosuchia Fraas 1901 [marine crocodile]
+
G. †Eoneustes Young et al. 2010
+
†Eoneustes gaudryi Collot 1905
Fm. †Metriorhynchidae Fitzinger 1843
+
G. †Capellineosuchus Romer 1966
Subfm. †Geosaurinae Lydekker 1889
+
G. †Dakosaurus Quenstedt 1856
+
Invalid names: Brachytaenius Merian 1842 [synonym], Plerodon Meyer 1839 [synonym]
Tr. †Geosaurini Cau and Fanti 2011
G. †Geosaurus Cuvier 1824
+
Invalid names: Halilimnosaurus Ritgen 1826 [synonym], Ltliminosaurus Romer 1966 [synonym]
G. †Neptunidraco Cau and Fanti 2011
G. †Plesiosuchus Owen 1884
G. †Suchodus Lydekker 1890
G. †Torvoneustes Andrade et al. 2010
G. †Tyrannoneustes Young et al. 2013
Subfm. †Metriorhynchinae Buchy 2008
+
G. †Gracilineustes Young et al. 2010
Tr. †Rhacheosaurini Young et al. 2011
G. †Thalattosuchus Young et al. 2021
G. †Metriorhynchus von Meyer 1830
+
†Metriorhynchus blainvillei Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
†Metriorhynchus brachyrhynchus Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868
+
Invalid names: Metriorhynchus cultridens Andrews 1913 [synonym]
†Metriorhynchus casamiquelai Gasparini and Chong 1977
†Metriorhynchus hastifer Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868
†Metriorhynchus littoreus Sauvage 1874
†Metriorhynchus moreli Deslongchamps 1867
†Metriorhynchus palpebosus Phillips 1871
†Metriorhynchus westermanni Gasparini 1980
Invalid names: Aggiosaurus Ambayrac 1913 [nomen dubium], Geosauridae Bonaparte 1850 [synonym]
Superfm. †Metriorhynchoidea Young 2010
+
G. †Magyarosuchus Osi et al. 2018
+
†Magyarosuchus fitosi Osi et al. 2018
G. †Opisuchus Aiglstorfer et al. 2019
+
†Opisuchus meieri Aiglstorfer et al. 2019
G. †Zoneait Wilberg 2015
+
†Zoneait nargorum Wilberg 2015
G. †Mystriosaurus Munster 1834
+
+
Invalid names: Steneosaurus brevior Tate and Blake 1876 [synonym]
Invalid names: Engyommasaurus Kaup 1834 [synonym], Macrospondylus Meyer 1830 [synonym]
G. †Peipehsuchus Young 1948
+
G. †Pelagosaurus Bronn 1841
+
†Pelagosaurus typus Bronn 1841
+
Invalid names: Crocodilus temporalis de Blainville 1835 [synonym], Mosellaesaurus rostrominor Monard 1846 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mosellaesaurus Monard 1846 [synonym]
G. †Teleidosaurus Eudes-Deslongchamps 1869
+
†Teleidosaurus calvadosii Eudes-Deslongchamps 1866
†Teleidosaurus joberti Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
Invalid names: Teleidosaurus bathonicus Mercier 1933 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Teleosauridae Geoffroy 1831
+
G. †Crocodilaemus Jourdan 1857
+
†Crocodilaemus robustus Jourdan 1857
G. †Haematosaurus Sauvage 1874
+
†Haematosaurus lanceolatus Sauvage 1874
G. †Indosinosuchus Martin et al. 2018
+
†Indosinosuchus kalasinensis Johnson et al. 2020
†Indosinosuchus potamosiamensis Martin et al. 2018
G. †Mycterosuchus Andrews 1913
+
†Mycterosuchus nasutus Andrews 1909
G. †Platysuchus Westphal 1961
+
†Platysuchus multicrobiculatus Berckhemer 1929
G. †Steneosaurus Saint-Hilaire 1825
+
†Steneosaurus aalensis Meyer 1842
†Steneosaurus atelestatus Eudes-Deslongchamps 1863
†Steneosaurus blumembachi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868
†Steneosaurus brevidens Phillips 1871
†Steneosaurus heberti Morel de Glasville 1876
+
Invalid names: Steneosaurus depressus Phizackerley 1951 [synonym], Steneosaurus meretrix Phizackerley 1951 [synonym]
†Steneosaurus lyceense Costa 1864
+
Invalid names: Streptospondylus lyceense Costa 1864 [objective synonym]
†Steneosaurus oplites Eudes-Deslongchamps 1863
†Steneosaurus pictaviensis Bronzati et al. 2012
†Steneosaurus priscus Bronzati et al. 2012
†Steneosaurus roissyi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868
†Steneosaurus rostrominor Saint-Hilaire 1825
†Steneosaurus rudis Sauvage 1874
Invalid names: Glaphyrorhynchus Meyer 1842 [synonym], Leptocranius Bronn 1837 [synonym], Machimosaurus bathonicus Sauvage 1874 [nomen dubium], Machimosaurus rigauxi Sauvage 1874 [nomen dubium], Sericodon Meyer 1845 [synonym], Steneosaurus rostromajor Saint-Hilaire 1825 [nomen dubium]
G. †Teleosaurus Geoffroy 1825
+
†Teleosaurus brevior Owen 1884
†Teleosaurus cadomensis Lamouroux 1820
†Teleosaurus geoffroyi Deslongchamps 1868
†Teleosaurus lacunosae Quenstedt 1858
†Teleosaurus latifrons Owen 1884
†Teleosaurus ornati Quenstedt 1852
Invalid names: Megalosaurus mersensis Lapparent 1955 [nomen dubium], Teleosaurinae Saint-Hilaire 1831 [empty]
Superfm. †Teleosauroidea Saint-Hilaire 1831
+
G. †Andrianavoay Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Andrianavoay baroni Newton 1893
G. †Bathysuchus Foffa et al. 2019
+
†Bathysuchus megarhinus Hulke 1871
G. †Charitomenosuchus Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Charitomenosuchus leedsi Andrews 1909
+
Invalid names: Stenosaurus teleosauroides Auer 1909 [synonym]
G. †Clovesuurdameredeor Johnson et al. 2020
+
G. †Deslongchampsina Johnson et al. 2019
+
†Deslongchampsina larteti Eudes-Deslongchamps 1869
Tr. †Machimosaurini Jouve et al. 2016
+
G. †Lemmysuchus Johnson et al. 2018
G. †Yvridiosuchus Johnson et al. 2019
G. †Neosteneosaurus Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Neosteneosaurus edwardsi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
G. †Plagiophthalmosuchus Johnson et al. 2020
+
+
Invalid names: Teleosaurus chapmanni Buckland 1836 [synonym]
G. †Seldsienean Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Seldsienean megistorhynchus Saint-Hilaire 1866
Invalid names: Machimosauridae Johnson et al. 2022 [empty]
G. †Turnersuchus Wilberg et al. 2023
+
†Turnersuchus hingleyae Wilberg et al. 2023
Invalid names: Mesosauria Giebel 1847 [synonym], Steneosaurus gerthi Huene 1927 [nomen dubium]
G. †Trialestes Bonaparte 1982
+
†Trialestes romeri Reig 1963
Invalid names: Triassolestes Reig 1963 [replaced]
Invalid names: Crocodilus humilis Leidy 1856 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus kutchensis Tandon 1971 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus proavus Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus vetustus Matheron 1869 [nomen dubium], Diplosaurus nanus Marsh 1895 [nomen dubium], Erythrochampsa Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Erythrochampsa longipes Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Gavialiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Goniopholidiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Goniopholis minor Koken 1887 [nomen dubium], Sphenosuchia [invalid subgroup], Sphenosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty], Stegomosuchus Huene 1922 [nomen dubium], Stegomus longipes Emerson and Loomis 1904 [nomen dubium], Thoracosaurus bahiensis Marsh 1869 [nomen dubium]
G. †Dagasuchus Lacerda et al. 2015
+
†Dagasuchus santacruzensis Lacerda et al. 2015
G. †Etjosuchus Tolchard et al. 2021
+
†Etjosuchus recurvidens Tolchard et al. 2021
G. †Fasolasuchus Bonaparte 1981
+
†Fasolasuchus tenax Bonaparte 1981
G. †Mandasuchus Charig 1967
+
†Mandasuchus tanyauchen Charig 1967
Or. †Phytosauromorphi Hay 1930
+
Invalid names: Aetosauriformes Hay 1930 [empty], Desmatosuchiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Phytosauriformes Hay 1930 [empty]
G. †Prestosuchus Huene 1942
+
+
Invalid names: Prestosuchus loricatus Huene 1942 [synonym]
Unr. †Rauisuchidae Huene 1942 [rauisuchid]
+
G. †Arganasuchus Jalil and Peyer 2007
+
†Arganasuchus dutuiti Jalil and Peyer 2007
G. †Energosuchus Ochev 1986
+
G. †Fenhosuchus Young 1964
G. †Luperosuchus Romer 1971
+
†Luperosuchus fractus Romer 1971
G. †Polonosuchus Brusatte et al. 2009
+
G. †Postosuchus Chatterjee 1985
+
†Postosuchus alisonae Peyer et al. 2008
†Postosuchus kirkpatricki Chatterjee 1985
Subfm. †Rauisuchinae Huene 1942
+
Tr. †Vjushkovisaurini Sennikov 1995
+
G. †Scythosuchus Sennikov 1999
+
†Scythosuchus basileus Sennikov 1999
G. †Rauisuchus Huene 1942
+
†Rauisuchus tiradentes Huene 1942
G. †Scolotosuchus Sennikov 2022
+
†Scolotosuchus basileus Sennikov 2022
G. †Teratosaurus Meyer 1861
+
†Teratosaurus bengalensis Das-Gupta 1928
†Teratosaurus lloydi Owen 1841
†Teratosaurus schuetzii Fraas 1900
†Teratosaurus suevicus Meyer 1861
G. †Tikisuchus Chatterjee and Majumdar 1987
+
†Tikisuchus romeri Chatterjee and Majumdar 1987
G. †Vivaron Lessner et al. 2016
+
†Vivaron haydeni Lessner et al. 2016
G. †Vjushkovisaurus Ochev 1982
+
G. †Saurosuchus Reig 1959
+
†Saurosuchus galilei Reig 1959
Invalid names: Megalosauri Fitzinger 1843 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
S. J. Nesbitt 2011The most inclusive clade containing Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768, but not Poposaurus gracilis Mehl, 1915, Ornithosuchus longidens Huxley, 1877, or Aetosaurus ferratus Fraas, 1877
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Diet: carnivoresubo
Created: 2009-01-03 20:38:45
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:38:45
Source: subo = suborder, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Benton 1983

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Olenekian to the top of the Holocene or 251.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 247.2 Ma

Collections (3990 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Induan - Smithian252.17 - 247.2India (West Bengal) Teratosaurus bengalensis (117188)
Olenekian251.2 - 247.2Russian Federation (Volgograd) Scythosuchus basileus, Scolotosuchus basileus (27343)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Tanzania (Ruvuma) Mandasuchus tanyauchen (194380 194381) Saurischia indet. (194382)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Russian Federation (Orenburg) Vjushkovisaurus berdjanensis (97409)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) Vjushkovisaurus berdjanensis (97415)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Canada (Nova Scotia) Rauisuchidae indet. (227834)
Anisian - Ladinian247.2 - 237.0Namibia Erythrosuchus africanus (99462)
Middle Triassic247.2 - 237.0Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Zanclodon schutzii (77928)
Anisian - Carnian247.2 - 228.0Zambia (Eastern) Loricata indet. (151894)
Middle Triassic - Late/Upper Triassic247.2 - 201.4Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Prestosuchus chiniquensis (188977)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Prestosuchus chiniquensis (99412 99413 99414 105826 105827) Prestosuchus loricatus (72141)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) Energosuchus garjainovi (79970)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Russian Federation (Orenburg) Energosuchus garjainovi (97439)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Argentina (La Rioja) Luperosuchus fractus (13003 26092 60296)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Batrachotomus kupferzellensis (101875 101877) Rauisuchia indet. (101873)
Ladinian - Carnian242.0 - 228.0Namibia (Otjozondjupa) Etjosuchus recurvidens (224107)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0USA (Texas) Postosuchus sp. (84271)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Slovenia Walteria sp. (66930)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0India (Madhya Pradesh) Tikisuchus romeri (94787)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Argentina (San Juan) Crocodylomorpha indet. (222095) Crocodylomorpha n. sp. (131436) Saurosuchus galilei (24877) Triassolestes romeri (52747)