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Camelinae

Mammalia - Camelidae

Synonyms
  • Prochenia is a genus.

    It was considered a nomen nudum by Simpson (1945).
  • Auchenia minor was named by Leidy (1886). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Mixson's Bone Bed, which is in a Hemphillian terrestrial horizon in the Alachua Formation of Florida.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Pliauchenia media by Cope (1892); it was synonymized subjectively with Procamelus medius by Leidy and Lucas (1896); it was recombined as Procamelus minor by Hay (1902) and Allen (1926); it was considered a nomen dubium by Simpson (1930).
  • Pliauchenia media was named by Cope (1892).

    It was synonymized subjectively with Procamelus minor by Hay (1902).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Camelinae Gray
1886Auchenia minor Leidy p. 12
1892Pliauchenia media Cope
1902Procamelus minor Hay p. 678
1902Camelinae Hay p. 680
1926Procamelus minor Allen
1945Camelinae Simpson p. 150
1965Camelinae Webb p. 44
1990Camelinae Dingus p. 13
1994Camelinae Stanley et al. p. 1
1998Camelinae Honey et al. p. 451
2004Camelinae Webb and Meachen p. 350
2005Camelinae Ruez, Jr. p. 742
2010Camelinae Harris et al. p. 823
2015Camelinae Baskin and Thomas p. 119
2023Camelinae Carbot-Chanona et al. p. 4

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
familyCamelidae
subfamilyCamelinaeGray 1821
subfamilyCamelinaeGray 1821

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Camelinae Gray 1821
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G. †Alforjas Harrison 1979
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Alforjas taylori Harrison 1979
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Invalid names: Pliauchenia hemphillensis Dalquest 1980 [synonym]
Tr. Camelini Gray 1821
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G. †Camelops Leidy 1854
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Camelops hesternus Leidy 1873
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Invalid names: Camelops aransas Hay 1926 [synonym], Camelops huerfanensis Cragin 1892 [synonym], Camelops sulcatus Cope 1893 [synonym], Camelops traviswhitei Mooser and Dalquest 1975 [synonym]
Camelops kansanus Leidy 1854
Camelops minidokae Hay 1927
Invalid names: Camelops arenarum Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Camelops maximus Hay 1921 [nomen dubium], Camelops nevadanus Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Camelops nitidus Hay 1920 [nomen dubium], Camelops vacondae Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Eschatius Cope 1884 [nomen dubium], Eschatius conidens Cope 1884 [nomen dubium], Megalomeryx Leidy 1858 [synonym]
G. Camelus Linnaeus 1758 [camel]
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Camelus antiquus Falconer and Cautley 1836
Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus 1758
Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus 1758
Camelus grattardi Geraads 2014
Camelus knoblochi Nehring 1901
Camelus sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1836
Camelus thomasi Pomel 1893
G. †Gigantocamelus Barbour and Schultz 1939
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Invalid names: Gigantocamelus fricki Barbour and Schultz 1939 [synonym]
G. †Megacamelus Frick 1929
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Megacamelus fricki Frick 1929
Megacamelus merriami Frick 1921
G. †Megatylopus Matthew and Cook 1909
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Megatylopus cochrani Hibbard and Riggs 1949
Megatylopus gigas Matthew and Cook 1909
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Invalid names: Paracamelus brevirostris Macdonald 1959 [synonym]
Megatylopus matthewi Webb 1965
Megatylopus primaevus Patton 1969
G. †Paracamelus Schlosser 1903
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Paracamelus agguirrei Morales 1984
Paracamelus alexejevi Khavesson 1950
Paracamelus alutensis Stefanescu 1895
Paracamelus gigas Schlosser 1903
Paracamelus khersonensis Pavlow 1903
Invalid names: Paracamelus arenicola Reed and Longnecker 1932 [nomen nudum]
G. †Titanotylopus Barbour and Schultz 1934
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Titanotylopus nebraskensis Barbour and Schultz 1934
G. †Hesperocamelus Macdonald 1949
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Hesperocamelus stylodon Macdonald 1949
Tr. Lamini Webb 1965
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G. †Aepycamelus Macdonald 1956
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Aepycamelus alexandrae Davidson 1923
Aepycamelus bradyi Macdonald 1956
Aepycamelus elrodi Douglass 1909
Aepycamelus giraffinus Matthew 1909
Aepycamelus major Leidy 1886
Aepycamelus priscus Matthew and Cook 1909
Aepycamelus procerus Matthew and Cook 1909
Aepycamelus robustus Leidy 1858
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Invalid names: Homocamelus caninus Leidy 1869 [synonym], Procamelus madisonius Douglass 1899 [synonym], Protolabis prehensilis Cope 1881 [synonym]
Aepycamelus stocki Henshaw 1942
Invalid names: Alticamelus Matthew 1901 [synonym]
G. †Blancocamelus Dalquest 1975
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Blancocamelus meadei Dalquest 1975
G. †Eulamaops Ameghino 1889
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Eulamaops parallelus Ameghino 1884
G. †Hemiauchenia Gervais and Ameghino 1880
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Hemiauchenia edensis Frick 1921
Hemiauchenia gracilis Meachen 2005
Hemiauchenia guanajuatensis Dalquest and Mooser 1980
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Invalid names: Camelus americanus Wortman 1898 [synonym], Lama hollomani Hay and Cook 1930 [synonym], Lama stevensi Merriam and Stock 1925 [synonym], Tanupolama seymourensis Hibbard and Dalquest 1962 [synonym]
Hemiauchenia minima Leidy 1886
Hemiauchenia paradoxa Gervais and Ameghino 1880
Invalid names: Tanupolama Stock 1928 [synonym]
G. Lama Cuvier 1800
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Subg. Lama (Lama) Menegaz et al. 1989
Lama castelnaudi Gervais 1855
Lama glama Linnaeus 1758
Lama gracilis Gervais and Ameghino 1980
Lama guanicoe Müller 1776 [guanaco]
Lama intermedia Gervais 1855
Lama mesolithica Ameghino 1889
Lama pacos Linnaeus 1758
G. †Palaeolama Gervais 1869
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Subg. †Palaeolama (Astylolama) Churcher 1965
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Subg. †Palaeolama (Protauchenia) Branco 1883
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Palaeolama brevirostris Rusconi 1930
Palaeolama castelnaudi Gervais 1854
Palaeolama crassa Hoffstetter 1952
Palaeolama crequii Boule and Thevenin 1920
Palaeolama leptognata Ameghino 1889
Palaeolama mirifica Simpson 1929 [stout-legged llama]
Palaeolama niedae Guérin and Faure 1999
Palaeolama promesolithica Ameghino 1889
Palaeolama weddeli Gervais 1855
Palaeolama weddelli Gervais 1855
G. †Pleiolama Webb and Meachen 2004
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Pleiolama mckennai Webb and Meachen 2004
Pleiolama vera Matthew 1909
G. †Pliauchenia Cope 1875
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Subg. †Pliauchenia (Megatylopus) Matthew and Cook 1909
Pliauchenia magnifontis Gregory 1939
Pliauchenia minima Wortman 1898
Pliauchenia raki Frick 1921
G. †Procamelus Leidy 1858
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Procamelus grandis Gregory 1939
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Invalid names: Procamelus dakotensis Green 1956 [synonym]
Procamelus leptocolon Matthew 1909
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Invalid names: Procamelus lacustris Douglass 1899 [synonym]
Invalid names: Homocamelus Leidy 1869 [synonym]
G. Vicugna Lesson 1842
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Lama (Vicugna) gracilis Gervais and Ameghino 1881
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Invalid names: Auchenia frontosa Gervais and Ameghino 1880 [synonym], Auchenia lujanensis Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Auchenia minuta Burmeister 1891 [synonym], Hemiauchenia pristina Ameghino 1891 [synonym]
Vicugna vicugna Molina 1782
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Invalid names: Vicugna provicugna Hoffstetter 1963 [synonym]
Invalid names: Procamelus edensis raki Frick 1921 [nomen vanum], Tanupolama parvus Olson 1940 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Camelopini Webb 1965 [empty], Procamelus minor Leidy 1886 [nomen dubium], Prochenia [nomen nudum], Protolabidini Webb 1965 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-31 16:42:02
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Hemingfordian to the top of the Holocene or 20.43000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 15.97 Ma

Collections (848 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (New Mexico) Hemiauchenia sp. (19352)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Texas) Procamelus grandis (18103)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (California) Aepycamelus sp. (19426 19428 19534 19597) Hesperocamelus alexandrae (19414) Hesperocamelus sp. (19606)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Montana) Megatylopus gigas (19067)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Arizona) Lamini indet. (19177 19355)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Louisiana) Aepycamelus sp. (163859)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Nevada) Aepycamelus sp. (18836) Hemiauchenia vera (19048 19052 19053) Hesperocamelus stylodon (18837 18878) Megatylopus sp. (18982) Pliauchenia sp., Paracamelus sp. (19129)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Nebraska) Procamelus sp. (18213 18239 18313 18436)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Oklahoma) Procamelus grandis (70133)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Idaho) Alforjas sp. (19087)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Mexico (Chihuahua) Megatylopus sp. (18714)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (South Dakota) Aepycamelus sp. (18183) Procamelus grandis (18064 18370)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82USA (Maryland) Aepycamelus sp. (18518)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (New Mexico) Homocamelus sp. (19388)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (California) Hesperocamelus sp. (19194)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (New Mexico) Homocamelus sp. (19434)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Colorado) Homocamelus also (17908)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (California) Aepycamelus sp. (19233 19358 19586)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Wyoming) Aepycamelus sp. (17957)
Late/Upper Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (California) Aepycamelus sp., Procamelus sp. (19369)