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Caprini

Mammalia - Bovidae

Taxonomy
Caprini was named by Gray (1821) [Originally Family Capridae.]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Caprinae by Grubb (2001), Mead and Taylor (2005) and Gentry (2010); and to Antilopinae by Hassanin and Douzery (1999), Hassanin and Douzery (2003) and Wang et al. (2016).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Caprini Gray p. 307
1999Caprini Hassanin and Douzery
2001Caprini Grubb p. 383
2003Caprini Hassanin and Douzery p. 210 figs. Table 1
2005Caprini Mead and Taylor p. 3
2010Caprini Gentry p. 792
2016Caprini Wang et al. pp. e1169190-2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
familyBovidae
subfamilyAntilopinaeGray 1821
tribeCaprini
tribeCaprini

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Caprini Gray 1821
show all | hide all
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†Ammotragus lervia Pallas 1777 [barbary sheep]
G. †Bouria Vrba 1997
+
†Bouria anngettyae Vrba 1997
G. Budorcas Hodgson 1850 [takin]
+
†Budorcas churcheri Gentry 1996
Budorcas taxicolor Hodgson 1850
G. Capra Linnaeus 1758 [goat]
+
Capra aegagrus Erxleben 1777 [wild goat]
Capra ammon Linnaeus 1758 [argali]
Capra caucasica Güldenstaedt and Pallas 1779
Capra falconeri Wagner 1839
Capra hircus Linnaeus 1758 [domestic goat]
+
Invalid names: Capra mambrica Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Capra ibex Linnaeus 1758 [Alpine ibex]
Capra nubiana Cuvier 1825
†Capra perimensis Lydekker 1878
†Capra primaeva Arambourg 1979
Capra pyrenaica Schinz 1838
Capra sibirica Pallas 1776
†Capra sivalensis Lydekker 1878
G. Ovis Linnaeus 1758 [sheep]
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Ovis aries Linnaeus 1758 [domestic sheep]
+
Invalid names: Ovis guineensis Linnaeus 1758 [synonym], Ovis strepsiceros Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Ovis canadensis Shaw 1804 [bighorn sheep]
+
†Ovis canadensis auduboni Merriam 1901
Invalid names: Ovis canadensis cremnobates Elliot 1903 [synonym], Ovis catclawensis Hibbard and Wright 1956 [synonym], Ovis cervina Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Ovis montana Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Ovis pygarus Griffith 1827 [synonym]
Ovis dalli Nelson 1884 [Dall sheep]
†Ovis dorshi Frick 1937
Ovis europea Kerr 1792
†Ovis mamillaris Foster 1837
Ovis nivicola Eschscholtz 1829
†Ovis shantungensis Mastumoto 1926
Ovis sheldoni Merriam 1916
Ovis vignei Blythe 1841
Invalid names: Ovis canadensis canadensis Shaw 1804 [synonym], Ovis orientalis Gmelin 1774 [nomen nudum]
G. †Protovis Wang et al. 2016
+
†Protovis himalayensis Wang et al. 2016
G. †Sinocapra Chen 1991
+
†Sinocapra willdownsi Mead and Taylor 2005
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Miocene to the top of the Holocene or 11.60800 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 7.246 Ma

Collections (172 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Miocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene15.97 - 0.781Netherlands Capra hircus, Ovis aries (189573)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246India (Gujarat) Capra perimensis (203112)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Greece (Aegean) Capra sp. (202120)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.608 - 2.588China (Tibet) Protovis himalayensis (182380)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Senegal Caprini indet. (221108)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588China (Tibet) Protovis himalayensis (115610)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Bulgaria Ovis sp. (58809)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Turkey Caprini indet. (39322)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Tajikistan (Zulfi) Ovis sp. (34434)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nevada) Caprini indet. (19965)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8Mexico (Sonora) Ovis sp. (20322)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Kenya (Rift Valley) Caprini indet. (21287 21291)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781China (Hebei) Ovis sp., Ovis shantungensis (231023)
Villanyian3.2 - 2.588Greece (Thessaly) Caprini indet. (34614)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya (Rift Valley) Caprini indet. (21280 21285)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Spain (Granada) Capra sp. (77773)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Greece (Macedonia) Ovis sp. (34784)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Spain (Murcia) Capra sp., Caprini indet. (34911)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781France (Auvergne) Capra sp. (47830)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Hebei) Ovis shantungensis (197069)