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Protopterus (african lungfish)
Taxonomy
Protopterus was named by Agassiz (1843). It is extant.
It was assigned to Dipnoi by Werner (1993); to Lepidosirenidae by Miles (1977), Schultze (1993), Churcher and De Iuliis (2001) and Schultze (2004); and to Protopteridae by Otero et al. (2015).
It was assigned to Dipnoi by Werner (1993); to Lepidosirenidae by Miles (1977), Schultze (1993), Churcher and De Iuliis (2001) and Schultze (2004); and to Protopteridae by Otero et al. (2015).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1843 | Protopterus Agassiz p. 177 |
| 1977 | Protopterus Miles |
| 1993 | Protopterus Schultze |
| 1993 | Protopterus Werner p. 203 |
| 2001 | Protopterus Churcher and De Iuliis p. 316 |
| 2004 | Protopterus Schultze p. 474 |
| 2015 | Protopterus Otero et al. p. 4 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Protopterus Agassiz 1843 [african lungfish]
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Protopterus aethiopicus Heckel 1851 [marbled lungfish]
Protopterus amphibius Peters 1844 [Gilled lungfish]
Protopterus annectens Stromer 1910
†Protopterus crassidens Churcher and De Iuliis 2001
Protopterus dolloi Boulenger 1900 [Slender lungfish]
†Protopterus libycus Stromer 1910
†Protopterus protopteroides Tabaste 1962
†Protopterus regulatus Schaal 1984
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 99.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.9 Ma
Collections (63 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cenomanian | Libya (Awbari) | Protopterus sp. (45725) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) | Protopterus sp. (163917) | |
| Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian | Niger (Tahoua) | Protopterus sp. (48867) | |
| Campanian - Maastrichtian | Sudan (River Nile) | Protopterus sp. (178525) | |
| Campanian - Maastrichtian | Sudan (Ash Shamaliyah) | Protopterus sp. (150678) Protopterus sp., Protopterus protopteroides (38682) | |
| Middle Campanian | Egypt (Al Wadi al Jadid) | Protopterus crassidens (97760 98106) | |
| Ypresian | Algeria | Protopterus sp. (71984) | |
| Ypresian | Mali (Gao) | Protopterus elongus (175262) | |
| Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene | Libya (Sirt) | Protopterus sp. (175361 175362 187327) | |
| Bartonian - Late/Upper Eocene | Libya | Protopterus sp. (55449) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Oman (Dhofar) | Protopterus sp. (175334) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (174673) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (70808) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Tanzania | Protopterus sp. (22155) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Uganda | Protopterus sp. (22440 22454) | |
| Burdigalian | Kenya (Nyanza) | Protopterus sp. (92703) | |
| Burdigalian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (57007) | |
| Langhian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (22071) | |
| Tortonian - Messinian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (22241) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Uganda | Protopterus sp. (22358 22443) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene | Uganda | Protopterus sp. (22345 22368) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Tanzania | Protopterus sp. (22143) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (22242) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Tanzania | Protopterus sp. (22044 22144) | |
| Zanclean | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21510) | |
| Pliocene | Malawi | Protopterus sp. (22271) | |
| Pliocene | Uganda | Protopterus sp. (22257 22265) | |
| Pliocene | Tanzania | Protopterus sp. (22477) | |
| Zanclean - Piacenzian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (22235 22239) | |
| Zanclean - Calabrian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21531) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Egypt | Protopterus aethiopicus (22592) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Piacenzian | Ethiopia | Protopterus sp. (21546) | |
| Piacenzian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21538) | |
| Gelasian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21446 21451 21497 32116) | |
| Gelasian - Calabrian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21453 21456 21466 21499 21500 21513 21522) | |
| Pleistocene - Holocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Protopterus sp. (22098 22103) | |
| Calabrian | Kenya | Protopterus sp. (21414 21524 21526 21534) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Protopterus aethiopicus (22065 22066) | |
| Holocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Protopterus aethiopicus (22068) |