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Caprinae

Mammalia - Bovidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Caprinae Gray p. 307
1872Caprinae Gill
1902Caprinae Hay p. 687
1980Caprinae Kurten and Anderson p. 326
1997Caprinae Alcala and Morales p. 947
2001Caprinae Grubb p. 385
2005Caprinae Mead and Taylor p. 3
2008Caprinae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 979 figs. Fig. 5
2010Caprinae Gentry p. 791

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
familyBovidae
subfamilyCaprinae
subfamilyCaprinae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Caprinae Gray 1821
show all | hide all
G. †Aragoral Alcala and Morales 1997
+
†Aragoral mudejar Alcala and Morales 1997
G. †Benicerus Heintz 1973
+
†Benicerus theobaldi Heintz 1973
+
Capricornis crispus Temminck 1845
G. †Damalavus Arambourg 1958
+
†Damalavus boroccoi Arambourg 1959
G. Hemitragus Hodgson 1841
+
†Hemitragus cedrensis Crégut-Bonnoure 1989
Hemitragus jayakari Thomas 1894
G. †Myotragus Bate 1909
+
†Myotragus kopperi Moya and Pons 1980
G. Naemorhaedus Smith 1827
+
Naemorhedus caudatus Milne-Edwards 1867
Naemorhedus goral Hardwicke 1825
Nemorhaedus goral Hardwicke 1825
Invalid names: Caprina Wagner 1844 [synonym], Kemas Ogilby 1837 [synonym], Urotragus Gray 1871 [synonym]
G. Ovibos Blainville 1816 [muskox]
+
Ovibos moschatus Zimmermann 1780 [muskox]
+
Invalid names: Ovibos proximus Bensley 1923 [synonym]
†Ovibos yukonensis Gidley 1908
+
G. †Makapania Wells and Cooke 1957
+
†Makapania broomi Wells and Cooke 1956
G. †Nitidarcus Vrba 1997
+
†Nitidarcus asfawi Vrba 1997
+
Pseudois nayaur Hodgson 1833
Pseudois schaeferi Haltenorth 1963
G. Rupicapra de Blainville 1816
+
Rupicapra pyrenaica Bonaparte 1845
Rupicapra rupicapra Linnaeus 1758 [chamois]
Invalid names: Naemorhedini [empty], Rupicaprini [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 10 to the top of the Holocene or 9.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 8.7 Ma

Collections (184 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Iraq Ovibovini indet. (41735)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Algeria (Oran) Damalavus boroccoi (136913)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Algeria Damalavus boroccoi (34643)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene11.608 - 0.781Spain (Castellón) Ovibovini indet. (183092)
MN 109.7 - 8.7Spain (Teruel) Aragoral mudejar (38345)
Messinian - Piacenzian7.246 - 2.588South Africa (Cape) Ovibovini indet. (59167)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Spain (Balearic Islands) Myotragus palomboi (136065)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6South Africa Ovibovini indet. (22221 22222)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Kenya Ovibovini indet. (22234)
Ruscinian5.333 - 3.2Italy (Sardinia) Caprinae indet. (49332)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588China (Tibet) Pseudois n. sp. (115615)
Ruscinian - Villanyian5.333 - 2.588Hungary (Barany) Hemitragus bonali (35354)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774South Africa Makapania broomi (21791)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Bulgaria Hemitragus sp. (58809)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Hungary (Barany) Caprinae indet. (35359)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Italy (Sardinia) C. sp., Caprinae indet. (51478)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Spain (Majorca (Mallorca)) Myotragus kopperi (68812)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588South Africa Makapania broomi (22340)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781China (Hebei) Ovibovini indet. (231023)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Spain (Majorca (Mallorca)) Myotragus sp. (68813)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117Italy (Sardinia) Caprinae indeterminate (94327)
Villanyian3.2 - 2.588Greece (Thessaly) Caprinae indet., Ovibovini indet. (34614)
Villanyian3.2 - 2.588Hungary (Barany) Hemitragus bonali (35369)
Villanyian3.2 - 2.588Spain (Castellon) Ovibovini indet. (34929)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Ethiopia Ovibovini indet. (21555 21632)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Russian Federation (Western Transbaikalia) Ovibovini indet. (40266)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Greece (Macedonia) Hemitragus sp. (34784)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Spain (Murcia) Hemitragus sp., Ovibovini indet. (34911)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Italy (Foggia) Caprinae indet., Ovibovini indet. (41007)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781South Africa Makapania sp. (21824)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Greece Hemitragus sp. (230277)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China ( Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) Caprinae indet. (214689)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Spain (Mallorca) Myotragus kopperi (214536)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781France (Alpes Maritimes) Ovibovini sp., Nemorhoedus philisi (50342)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Spain (Granada) Capra alba (34898) Hemitragus sp. (34943)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.588 - 0.129France (Cote d'Azur) Hemitragus jemlahicus (49091)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene2.588 - 0.129Greece (Thessaly) Hemitragus bonali (34808)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Ovibos moschatus (108815)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Canada (British Columbia) Ovibos sp. (34385 108797)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Belgium Hemitragus bonali (34127)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Spain (Islas Baleares) Myotragus balearicus (36974)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Germany (Thuringia) Ovibos moschatus (22728)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Italy (Verona) Rupicapra rupicapra (43656)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Ethiopia Nitidarcus asfawi (22166)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Makapania broomi (21822)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (California) Ovibos moschatus (20386) Ovibovini indet. (26548)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Alaska) Ovibos moschatus (20541) Ovibos sp. (20346)
Calabrian - Middle Pleistocene1.8 - 0.129Italy (Sardinia) Caprinae indet. (51482)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Austria (Niederoesterreich) Hemitragus jemlahicus (50258)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guangxi) Capricornis sumatraensis (38649)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Spain (Valencia) Hemitragus bonali (221420 221421 221425 221426) Hemitragus bonali, Caprinae indet. (221422 221424)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guangdong) Capricornis sp. (40341) Caprinae indet. (120834)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Japan (Aomori) Capricornis crispus (101897)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Aquitaine) Hemitragus jemlahicus (49093)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Provence) Hemitragus bonali (48889 48891 48893 48908 48910) Hemitragus jemlahicus (48892 48911 48912)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) Capricornis sumatraensis (143885)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Molise) Hemitragus sp. (44092)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Hemitragus sp. (47832)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Hungary Rupicapra sp. (35045)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guizhou) Capricornis sp., Nemorhaedus goral (51100)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Spain (Castilla-Leon) Ovibos sp. (34924)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117China (Guangdong) Capricornis sumatraensis (13293)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Italy (Verona) Rupicapra rupicapra (43657)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Indonesia Capricornis sumatraensis (93524)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti plains) Caprinae indet. (32124)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Ioannina) Caprinae indet. (208565) Caprinae indet., Rupicapra rupicapra (208564)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Russian Federation (Respublika Saha (Jakutija)) Ovibos pallantis (48587)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plains) Caprinae indet. (32138)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan (Aomori) Capricornis crispus (101898 195045)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti) Caprinae indet. (32119)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Ovibovini indet. (103358)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain (Valencia) Caprinae indet. (221417) Caprinae indet., Hemitragus cedrensis (205285 221412 221413 221414 221416) Hemitragus cedrensis (221415)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117China (Hubei) Naemorhedus goral, Capricornis sumatraensis (92787)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Nunavut) Ovibos moschatus (73701 73702)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Tennessee) Ovibovini indet., Ovibovini sp. (63424)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Saskatchewan) Ovibos moschatus (20620)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Italy (Vicenza) Rupicapra rupicapra (43689)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Netherlands Ovibos moschatus (82530)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway Ovibos moschatus (227462)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Gibraltar Caprinae indet. (90037)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Ovibos moschatus (73691 73694)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Peloponnesus) Caprinae indet. (208563)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Ovibovini indet. (20626 20627)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Northwest Territories) Ovibos moschatus (73726)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Greece (Peloponnesus) Rupicapra rupicapra (184243)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Nunavut) Ovibos moschatus (73705 73709 73727 160848 228757 228898 228899 228927 228928 229484 229489 229646)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland Ovibos moschatus (160074 162014 162545 162546 162547 162550 162552 162553 162559 162567 162568 162569 162572 162573 162574 162575 162576 162577 162641 226353 227684 227686 227722 227725 227726 227727 227728 227751 227754 227755 227757 227758 227815 227817 227826 227827 227828 227829 227867 227870 227872 227873 227874 227875 227876 227877 229885 229938 229939 229940 229942 229943 230120)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Manitoba) Ovibos moschatus (229538)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Russian Federation Caprinae indet. (171637)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Ovibos moschatus (228444 228492)