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Somateria (eider)

Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae

Taxonomy
Somateria was named by Leach (1819). It is extant.

It was assigned to Mergini by Olson and Rasmussen (2001), Gonzalez et al. (2009) and del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Anatidae by Clements et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1819Somateria Leach
2001Somateria Olson and Rasmussen p. 286
2009Somateria Gonzalez et al.
2014Somateria del Hoyo et al.
2017Somateria Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
RankNameAuthor
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
—PangalloanseraeGauthier and de Queiroz 2001
—GalloanseraeSibley and Ahlquist 1990
superorderGalloanserimorphae
orderAnseriformesWagler 1831
familyAnatidaeVigors 1825
subfamilyAnatinaeVigors 1825
tribeMerginiBonaparte 1838
genusSomateriaLeach 1819

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Somateria Leach 1819 [eider]
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Somateria fischeri Brandt 1847 [Spectacled eider]
†Somateria gravipes Harrison 1979
Somateria mollissima Linnaeus 1758 [common eider]
Somateria spectabilis Linnaeus 1758 [king eider]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: freshwatersubf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantsubf
Diet: herbivoresubf
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 19:26:23
Modified: 2009-01-03 21:26:23
Source: subf = subfamily, o = order
References: Marsh 1875, Sedinger 1997

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Zanclean to the top of the Holocene or 5.33300 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma

Collections (37 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Somateria sp., Somateria mollissima (52582)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Italy Somateria sp. (42867)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Florida) Somateria spectabilis (20400)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy Somateria sp. (197786)
Middle Pleistocene - Holocene0.774 - 0.0United Kingdom Somateria gravipes (197163)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway (Sunnmore) Somateria mollissima (125317)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Portugal Somateria sp., Somateria mollissima (197768)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Scotland) Somateria mollissima (125322)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis (73689) Somateria sp. (227461)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis (215694)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Newfoundland) Somateria mollissima (228844)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Spain Somateria mollissima (215735)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Quebec) Somateria mollissima (51005)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Nunavut) Somateria mollissima (228896 229489) Somateria sp. (228756 228898 228920 228928) Somateria sp., Somateria mollissima, Somateria spectabilis (160848 228927) Somateria sp., Somateria spectabilis (229484)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Estonia Somateria mollissima (195026)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland Somateria mollissima (229885 229938 229939 229940) Somateria sp., Somateria spectabilis (226353) Somateria spectabilis (162014 227826 230120)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Somateria sp. (228492)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Alaska) Somateria mollissima (70585)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Finland Somateria mollissima (177177 209127 209155)