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Alca torda (razorbill)

Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Alcidae

Taxonomy
Alca torda was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. Its type specimen is 1.

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Alca torda Linnaeus
1959Alca torda Hamon p. 533
2001Alca torda Olson and Rasmussen p. 271
2002Alca torda Mlikovsky p. 140
2009Alca torda Wijnker and Olson p. 482
2011Alca torda Smith p. 30 figs. Figure 14
2011Alca torda Smith and Clarke p. 18
2014Alca torda del Hoyo et al.
2017Alca torda Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
Tetanurae
Coelurosauria()
Maniraptora
Paraves
classAves
orderCharadriiformesHuxley 1867
superfamilyAlcoidae(Stejneger 1885)
familyAlcidaeLeach 1820
genusAlca
speciestorda

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Alca torda Linnaeus 1758 [razorbill]
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
N. A. Smith and J. A. Clarke 2011Alca torda is differentiated from other species of Alca by the following humeral characteristics: distal margin of posterior humeral head rounded as in A. stewarti and A. minor (53:0; pointed in A. olsoni, A. stewarti, A. ausonia, and A. grandis); dorsal margin of the primary pneumotricipital fossa (i.e., fossa pneumotricipitalis ventrale; Baumel and Witmer 1993) of A. torda and A. minor extends farther distally (65:1) than in all other Alca; primary pneumotricipital fossa rounded as in A. minor and A. stewarti (67:0; oval in all other Alca); distal edge of the primary pneumotricipital fossa straight as in A. carolinensis, A. grandis, A. olsoni, and A. stewarti (70:1; concave in A. minor and A. ausonia). The size of A. torda is intermediate between that of the smaller A. minor and the larger A. ausonia (Table 4 and Fig. 2).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Miocene to the top of the Holocene or 11.60800 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (16 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (Maryland) Alca torda (70853)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333USA (Maryland) Alca torda (51717)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333USA (Virginia) Alca torda (89551)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Alca torda (52582)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781United Kingdom (England) Alca torda (58420)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Scotland) Alca torda (125440)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Alca torda (77749)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Italy Alca torda (122311)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Spain Alca torda (122309)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Wales) Alca torda (124954 124955)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117Norway Alca torda (73689)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Finland Alca torda (177177)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom (Wales) Alca torda (125439)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Florida) Alca torda (195050)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Maine) Alca torda (122450)