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Hexanchidae (cow shark)
Taxonomy
Hexanchidae was named by Gray (1851) [also attributed to Gill 1885]. It is extant. Its type is Hexanchus.
It was assigned to Plagiostomi by Rapp (1946); to Opistharthri by Jordan (1963); to Hexanchoidea by Hay (1902) and Kumar and Loyal (1987); to Hexanchoidei by Cahuzac et al. (2007); and to Hexanchiformes by Welton (1974), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Thies (1983), Long (1992), Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Long et al. (1993), Cione and Reguero (1994), Siverson (1997), Case and Cappetta (1997), Rees (2000), Underwood (2006), Carnevale (2007), Bogan et al. (2016), Nelson et al. (2016), Kent (2018), VillafaƱa et al. (2020) and Feichtinger et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Plagiostomi by Rapp (1946); to Opistharthri by Jordan (1963); to Hexanchoidea by Hay (1902) and Kumar and Loyal (1987); to Hexanchoidei by Cahuzac et al. (2007); and to Hexanchiformes by Welton (1974), Bendix-Almgreen (1983), Thies (1983), Long (1992), Cvancara and Hoganson (1993), Long et al. (1993), Cione and Reguero (1994), Siverson (1997), Case and Cappetta (1997), Rees (2000), Underwood (2006), Carnevale (2007), Bogan et al. (2016), Nelson et al. (2016), Kent (2018), VillafaƱa et al. (2020) and Feichtinger et al. (2024).
Subtaxa
Gladioserratus, Heptranchias, Hexanchus (type genus), Monopterhinus, Notidanion, Notidanodon, Notidanus, Notorhynchus, Notorynchus, Protoheptranchias, Xampylodon
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1851 | Hexanchidae Gray |
1902 | Hexanchidae Hay p. 300 |
1946 | Hexanchidae Rapp p. 510 |
1963 | Hexanchidae Jordan p. 597 |
1974 | Hexanchidae Welton p. 6 |
1983 | Hexanchidae Bendix-Almgreen p. 2 |
1983 | Hexanchidae Thies p. 11 |
1987 | Hexanchidae Kumar and Loyal p. 62 |
1992 | Hexanchidae Long p. 14 |
1993 | Hexanchidae Cvancara and Hoganson p. 3 |
1993 | Hexanchidae Long et al. p. 655 |
1994 | Hexanchidae Cione and Reguero p. 5 |
1997 | Hexanchidae Case and Cappetta p. 134 |
1997 | Hexanchidae Siverson p. 455 |
2000 | Hexanchidae Rees p. 412 |
2006 | Hexanchidae Underwood p. 234 |
2007 | Hexanchidae Cahuzac et al. p. 12 |
2007 | Hexanchidae Carnevale |
2016 | Hexanchidae Bogan et al. |
2016 | Hexanchidae Nelson et al. p. 74 |
2018 | Hexanchidae Kent p. 55 |
2020 | Hexanchidae VillafaƱa et al. p. 727 |
2024 | Hexanchidae Feichtinger et al. p. 4 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Hexanchidae Gray 1851 [cow shark]
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G. †Gladioserratus Underwood et al. 2011
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†Gladioserratus aptiensis Pictet 1865
†Gladioserratus dentatus Guinot et al. 2014
†Gladioserratus magnus Underwood et al. 2011
G. Heptranchias Rafinesque 1810 [sevengill shark]
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†Heptranchias andersoni Jordan 1907
†Heptranchias cinereus Gmelin 1789
†Heptranchias ezoensis Applegate and Uyeno 1968
†Heptranchias howellii Reed 1946
Heptranchias perlo Bonnaterre 1788
G. Hexanchus Rafinesque 1810 [sixgill shark]
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†Hexanchus agassizi Cappetta 1976
†Hexanchus gigas Sismonda 1857
†Hexanchus gracilis Davis 1887
†Hexanchus microdon Agassiz 1835
†Hexanchus wiedenrothi Thies 1983
G. †Monopterhinus Blainville 1816
G. †Notidanion Jordan 1923
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†Notidanion boreale Jordan and Hanibal 1923
†Notidanion chiconis Jordan 1907
G. †Notidanodon Cappetta 1975
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†Notidanodon dentatus Woodward 1886
†Notidanodon lanceolatus Woodward 1886
†Notidanodon pectinatus Agassiz 1843
G. Notidanus Cuvier 1817
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†Notidanus gracilis Davis 1887
†Notidanus jenningsi Chapman and Pritchard 1904
†Notidanus loozi Vincent 1876
†Notidanus marginalis Davis 1888
†Notidanus munsteri Agassiz 1843
†Notidanus recurvus Agassiz 1843
†Notidanus serratus Fraas 1855
†Notidanus tenuidens Leriche 1938
†Notidanus ultra Ameghino 1901
G. Notorhynchus Ayres 1855 [sevengill shark]
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†Notorhynchus primigenius Agassiz 1835
†Notorhynchus serratissimus Agassiz 1843
G. Notorynchus Ayers 1855
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Notorynchus maculatus Ayers 1855
†Notorynchus thevenardi Delfortrie 1878
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wordian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 268.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 265.1 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 265.1 Ma
Collections (279 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Wordian | Japan | Hexanchidae indet. (133500) | |
Pliensbachian | Germany | Hexanchus wiedenrothi (137184) | |
Late/Upper Pliensbachian | Sweden (Scania) | Hexanchidae indet. (90692) | |
Margaritatus | France | Hexanchidae indet. (149432) | |
Spinatum | France (Ardennes) | Hexanchidae indet. (149428) | |
Late/Upper Callovian | Poland | Hexanchidae indet. (117993) | |
Kimmeridgian | Germany | Notidanus munsteri (131889) | |
Cretaceous | New Zealand (South Island) | Notidanus sp. (204190) | |
Early/Lower Valanginian | France (Gard) | Gladioserratus dentatus (213631) | |
Late/Upper Hauterivian | United Kingdom (England) | Notidanodon lanceolatus (66420) Notorhynchus aptiensis (66418) | |
Early/Lower Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Notorhynchus aptiensis (213576 213577) | |
Aptian | Japan (Iwate) | Hexanchus microdon (210766) | |
Late/Upper Aptian | France | Notorhynchus aptiensis (214869) | |
Late/Upper Aptian | Germany (Niedersachsen) | Notidanus sp. (122700) | |
Late/Upper Aptian | USA (California) | Notidanodon lanceolatus (90650) | |
Albian | Australia (Western Australia) | Notorynchus aptiensis (90688) | |
Early/Lower Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Notorhynchus aptiensis (213321 213323 213324) | |
Middle Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Notorhynchus aptiensis (213325 213326 213367) | |
Late/Upper Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Notorhynchus aptiensis (213327 213328 213329 213330 213331 213332 213333 213334 213335 213336 213337 213338 213339 213340 213341 213346 213348 213349 213350 213351 213368 213369 213370 213371 213372 213373 213374) | |
Late/Upper Albian | Poland | Hexanchus sp. (213375) |