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Scombroidei

Actinopteri - Scombriformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1859Scombroidei Bleeker
1943Scombroidei David p. 97
1960Scombroidei Danil'chenko p. 154
1981Scombroidei Thurmond and Jones p. 104
1987Scombroidei Schultz p. 106
1998Scombroidei Fierstine p. 34
1999Scombroidei Fierstine p. 71
2001Scombroidei Fierstine p. 28
2003Scombroidei Schwarzhans p. 86
2005Scombroidei Fierstine
2005Scombroidei Fierstine and Starnes p. 281
2005Scombroidei Monsch et al. p. 276
2011Scombroidei Schwarzhans and Bratischko p. 105
2012Scombroidei Fierstine et al. p. 141
2013Scombroidei Miya et al. p. 3
2014Scombroidei Bannikov p. 30
2019Scombroidei Ebersole et al. p. 169
2022Scombroidei Cicimurri et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
RankNameAuthor
—Osteoglossocephalai
—ClupeocephalaPatterson and Rosen 1977
—Euteleosteomorpha
—NeoteleosteiRosen 1973
—Eurypterygia(Rosen 1973)
—Ctenosquamata
—Acanthomorphata(Rosen 1973)
—Euacanthomorphacea
—Percomorphaceae
—Scombrimorpharia
orderScombriformes
suborderScombroideiBleeker 1859
suborderScombroideiBleeker 1859

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. †Scombroidei Bleeker 1859
show all | hide all
G. †Duplexdens Monsch 2004
Fm. †Euzaphlegidae Daniltshenko 1960
+
Subfm. †Dipterichthyinae Arambourg 1967
+
G. †Palimphyes Agassiz 1835
+
†Palimphyes brevis Agassiz 1835
†Palimphyes chadumicus Danil'chenko 1960
†Palimphyes elongatus de Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Palimphyes longus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
†Palimphyes latus Agassiz 1843
†Palimphyes longirostratus Danil'chenko 1980
†Palimphyes palaeocenicus Daniltshenko 1968
†Palimphyes pinnatus Danilt'chenko 1962
†Palimphyes pshekhaensis Bannikov 1993
Invalid names: Krambergeria Simonescu 1905 [synonym]
G. †Euzaphleges White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
†Euzaphleges longurio Jordan and Gilbert 1920
G. †Lednevia Danil'chenko 1960
G. †Thyrsocles Jordan and Gilbert 1920
+
†Thyrsocles escharion Jordan and Gilbert 1920
†Thyrsocles kriegeri Jordan and Gilbert 1919
Invalid names: Thyrsion Jordan and Gilbert 1920 [synonym]
G. †Trossulus Jordan 1921
+
†Trossulus exoletus Jordan 1921
G. †Veronaphleges Bannikov 2008
+
†Veronaphleges brunae Bannikov 2008
G. †Zaphlegulus David 1943
+
G. †Micrornatus Monsch 2004
G. †Scombramphodon Woodward 1901
+
†Scombramphodon crassidens Agassiz 1844
Superfm. †Scombroidea Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1815
+
Fm. †Cybiidae
+
G. †Escharion Jordan 1925
+
†Escharion townleyi Jordan 1925
G. †Starrias Jordan 1925
+
†Starrias ischyrus Jordan 1925
G. †Sphyraenodus Agassiz 1839
+
†Sphyraenodus crassidens Agassiz 1844
†Sphyraenodus hastatus Bohm 1926
†Sphyraenodus lerichei Casier 1944
†Sphyraenodus priscus Agassiz 1839
†Sphyraenodus rupeliensis Dollo and Storms 1888
†Sphyraenodus speciosus Leidy 1856
Invalid names: Dictyodus Owen 1839 [nomen dubium]
+
Fm. †Zaphlegidae David 1943
+
G. †Zaphleges Jordan and Gilbert 1920
+
†Zaphleges vigilax Jordan 1927
Superfm. Trichiuroidea Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1810
+
G. †Argestichthys Prokofiev 2002
+
†Argestichthys vysotzkyi Prokofiev 2002
G. †Hemithyrsites Sauvage 1873
+
†Hemithyrsites alatus Sauvage 1870
†Hemithyrsites armatus Sauvage 1873
†Hemithyrsites maicopicus Danil'chenko 1960
Superfm. †Xiphioidea Rafinesque-Schmaltz 1810
+
Fm. †Hemingwayidae Sytchevskaya and Prokofiev 2002
+
G. †Hemingwaya Sytchevskaya and Prokofiev 2002
+
†Hemingwaya sarissa Sytchevskaya and Prokofiev 2002
+
G. †Aglyptorhynchus Casier 1966
+
†Aglyptorhynchus columbianus Fierstine 2005
†Aglyptorhynchus sulcatus Casier 1946
G. †Enniskillenus Casier 1966
+
†Enniskillenus radiatus Agassiz 1833
G. †Homorhynchus Van Beneden 1873
+
†Homorhynchus bruxelliensis Van Beneden 1873
†Homorhynchus colei Agassiz 1842
G. †Palaeorhynchus de Blainville 1818
+
†Palaeorhynchus glarisianum de Blainville 1818
†Palaeorhynchus parini Bannikov 1992
†Palaeorhynchus senectus Danilt'chenko 1962
†Palaeorhynchus zitteli Kramberger 1879
†Palaeorhynchus zorzini Fierstine et al. 2008
G. †Pseudotetrapturus Danil'chenko 1960
+
†Pseudotetrapturus luteus Danil'chenko 1960
Invalid names: Aglyptorhynchinae Fierstine and Weems 2009 [empty]
+
G. Pseudohistiophorus Buen 1950
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: omnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 20:44:22
Modified: 2009-07-20 22:44:22
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian to the top of the Messinian or 70.60000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (64 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Manharashtra) Sphyraenodus sp. (63896)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0USA (New Jersey) Sphyraenodus speciosus (3113)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Turkmenistan Palimphyes palaeocenicus, Argestichthys vysotzkyi, Hemingwaya sarissa (186444)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Italy (Verona) Euzaphlegidae n. gen. n. sp (190957)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium Glyptorhynchus sulcatus, Sphyraenodus lerichei (219001) Sphyraenodus lerichei (219005 219006)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Aglyptorhynchus venablesi (8050) Sphyraenodus pirscus, Aglyptorhynchus venablesi, Enniskillenus radiatus, Scombramphodon crassidens, Scombramphodon sheppeyensis, Aglyptorhynchus sulcatus (13299)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Italy Veronaphleges brunae, Palaeorhynchus zorzini (94830)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Virginia) Aglyptorhynchus veneblesi (15595)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Sphyraenodus priscus (3257)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Aglyptorhynchus sp., Sphyraenodus striata, Sphyraenodus lerichei (41989 41992 41994) Sphyraenodus lerichei (41888) Sphyraenodus striata, Sphyraenodus lerichei (41996 41998)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Georgia Palimphyes pinnatus, Palaeorhynchus senectus (185619)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Ukraine Sphyraenodus sp. (211009)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Nigeria Scombramphodon woodwardi (60711)
Middle Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene47.8 - 33.9Iran Palaeorhynchus sp. (205345)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Nigeria Scombramphodon woodwardi (32905)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Georgia Palimphyes pshekhaensis, Palaeorhynchus parini (186448)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Western Sahara Scombroidei indet. (159113)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Namibia (Sperrgebiet) Sphyraenodus hastatus (149316)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9USA (Georgia) Sphyraenodus sp. (160397 160400)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France Sphyraenodus sp. (69805)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (South Carolina) Aglyptorhynchus sp. (188100)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Poland Palaeorhynchus zitteli (186475)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Georgia Palimphyes pshekhaensis, Palaeorhynchus parini (186469)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Switzerland (Glarus) Homorhynchus colei (186471)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Russian Federation (Osetiya) Palimphyes chadumicus (186450)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Azerbaijan Palaeorhynchus zitteli (186452)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Sphyraenodus sp., Palaeorhynchus zitteli, Palaeorhynchus glarisianus (68021)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Romania Palaeorhynchus longirostris, Palaeorhynchus glarisianus (113962) Palaeorhynchus zitteli (50344)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Czech Republic Palimphyes sp. (125331)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Washington) Aglyptorhynchus columbianus (134453) Aglyptorhynchus sp. (134454)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333Georgia (Abkhazia) Homorhynchus colei, Pseudotetrapturus luteus (186462)
Oligocene - Miocene33.9 - 5.333Russian Federation Hemithyrsites maicopicus (186468)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Russian Federation (Dagestan) Pseudotetrapturus luteus (186449)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (South Carolina) Aglyptorhynchus sp. (97550)
Duntroonian27.3 - 25.2New Zealand (South Island) Aglyptorhynchus hakataramea (135847)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Hungary (Esztergom) Aglyptorhynchus sp. (186636)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Italy Sphyraenodus bottii (47623)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Austria Glyptorhynchus denticulatus (76129)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian23.03 - 15.97Russian Federation Hemithyrsites maicopicus (186457)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97USA (New Jersey) Sphyraena speciosa, Sphyraenodus silovianus (18587)
Burdigalian - Messinian20.44 - 5.333Italy (Apulia) Sphyraenodus bottii (47125)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (California) Scombroidea indet. (59059)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Maryland) Sphyraena speciosa (55396 57782)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Romania Scombroidei indet. (213739 213758)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Ukraine Scombroidei indet. (213733)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (California) Thyrsites kriegeri, Zaphleges longurio, Trossulus exoletus, Thyrsion velox, Escharion townleyi, Starrias ischyrus, Thyrsocles escharion, Megalops vigilax (45489)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333USA (California) Thyrsocles kriegeri (185673)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Alabama) Scombroidei indet. (81498)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Peru Cybiidae indet. (13079)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy Hemithyrsites armatus, Acanthonotos alatus (185692)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Algeria Hemithyrsites armatus (186583)