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Erignathus barbatus (bearded seal)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae

Taxonomy
Phoca barbata was named by Erxleben (1777). It is extant. It is the type species of Erignathus.

It was recombined as Erignathus barbata by Gill (1866); it was recombined as Phoca (Erignathus) barbata by Newton (1891) and Friant (1947); it was recombined as Phoca (Erignathus) barbatus by Trouessart (1898) and Trouessart (1904); it was recombined as Erignathus barbatus by Allen (1880), Allen (1902), Kellogg (1922), Hay (1930), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Riedman (1990), Koretsky (2001), Deméré et al. (2003), Davis et al. (2004), Cullen et al. (2014), Berta et al. (2018) and Kienle and Berta (2019).

Synonyms
  • Phoca nautica was named by Pallas (1811). It is extant.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Erignathus barbatus by Allen (1880).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1777Phoca barbata Erxleben
1811Phoca nautica Pallas
1847Phoca barbata Nilsson p. 294
1850Phoca barbata Gray p. 27
1866Erignathus barbata Gill p. 5
1866Phoca barbata Gray p. 31
1871Phoca barbata Gray p. 2
1871Phoca naurica Gray p. 2
1880Erignathus barbatus Allen p. 655
1891Phoca (Erignathus) barbata Newton p. 19
1898Phoca (Erignathus) barbatus Trouessart p. 383
1902Erignathus barbatus Allen p. 473
1904Phoca (Erignathus) barbatus Trouessart p. 285
1912Phoca barbata Turner p. 187
1922Erignathus barbatus Kellogg p. 116
1930Erignathus barbatus Hay p. 565
1947Phoca (Erignathus) barbata Friant p. 7
1963Erignathus barbatus Scheffer and Rice p. 3
1980Erignathus barbatus Kurten and Anderson p. 206
1990Erignathus barbatus Riedman p. 57 figs. Table 2
2001Erignathus barbatus Koretsky p. 86
2003Erignathus barbatus Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3
2004Erignathus barbatus Davis et al. p. 365
2014Erignathus barbatus Cullen et al. p. 1471 figs. Figure 1
2018Erignathus barbatus Berta et al. p. 210 figs. Fig. 2
2019Erignathus barbatus Kienle and Berta

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
RankNameAuthor
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderCaniformiaKretzoi 1943
infraorderCanoidea(Simpson 1931)
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
—PanpinnipediaWolsan et al. 2020
—Pinnipedimorpha
—Pinnipedia()
superfamilyPhocoideaSmirnov 1908
familyPhocidae()
subfamilyPhocinae
genusErignathusGill 1866
speciesbarbatus(Erxleben 1777)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Erignathus barbatus Erxleben 1777 [bearded seal]
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Invalid names: Phoca nautica Pallas 1811 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: hydroxyapatiteuc
Ontogeny: modification of partsuc
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: amphibiousuc
Diet: piscivoref
Diet 2: carnivoref
Reproduction: viviparousuc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-06-08 12:11:09
Source: f = family, c = class, uc = unranked clade
References: Gingerich 2003, Hendy et al. 2009, Carreño and Cronin 1993, Nowak 1991

Age range: base of the Rancholabrean to the top of the Holocene or 0.30000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (71 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117North Atlantic Erignathus barbatus (53895)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Alaska) Erignathus barbatus (81910)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (Norfolk) Erignathus barbata (49816)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (England) Phoca barbata (58419)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (South Carolina) Erignathus barbatus (79753)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117North Atlantic Erignathus barbatus (81824)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Quebec) Erignathus barbatus (51017 81691)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Sweden Erignathus barbatus (81815 81817 81818 81819 81821 81822 81823)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Ontario) Erignathus barbatus (51026)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway Erignathus barbatus (227340)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Netherlands Erignathus barbatus (82533)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Nunavut) Erignathus barbatus (81692)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alaska) Erignathus barbatus (81689 81690)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Maine) Erignathus barbatus (66337 96871)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland Erignathus barbatus (162545 162641 175985 227875 227877 229885 229938 229939 229940 229942 229943 230120)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Erignathus barbatus (168669)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Iceland Erignathus barbatus (168668)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Alaska) Erignathus barbatus (90097 161613 168670)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Massachusetts) Erignathus barbatus (90100)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Nunavut) Erignathus barbatus (160848 175973 175974 228756 228757 228765 228896 228897 228898 228899 228919 228920 228927 228928 229256 229489)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Russian Federation Erignathus barbatus (168671 175940)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Erignathus barbatus (228492 228921 228924 228926)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland (Qeqertasussuk) Erignathus barbatus (187755)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Manitoba) Erignathus barbatus (229538)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Newfoundland) Erignathus barbatus (228844)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Yukon) Erignathus barbatus (228443)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Quebec) Erignathus barbatus (51005 168667 228766 228861)