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Palaeoniscidae
Taxonomy
Palaeoniscidae was named by Vogt (1852). Its type is Palaeoniscum.
It was considered an invalid subgroup of Actinopterygii by Patterson (1982).
It was assigned to Lysopteri by Cope (1887); to Actinopterygii by Woodward (1916); to Palaeoniscoidea by Dunkle (1946); to Actinopterygii by Lehman (1952); to Chondrostei by Woodward (1891), Hay (1902), Heintz (1934) and Jordan (1963); to Palaeonisciformes by Beltan (1972), Uyeno (1978), Sytchevskaya (1999) and Heckert (2004); to Osteichthyes by Irmis (2005); and to Palaeoniscoidei by Schaeffer (1967) and Nelson (2006).
It was considered an invalid subgroup of Actinopterygii by Patterson (1982).
It was assigned to Lysopteri by Cope (1887); to Actinopterygii by Woodward (1916); to Palaeoniscoidea by Dunkle (1946); to Actinopterygii by Lehman (1952); to Chondrostei by Woodward (1891), Hay (1902), Heintz (1934) and Jordan (1963); to Palaeonisciformes by Beltan (1972), Uyeno (1978), Sytchevskaya (1999) and Heckert (2004); to Osteichthyes by Irmis (2005); and to Palaeoniscoidei by Schaeffer (1967) and Nelson (2006).
Subtaxa
Alvinichthys, Ambodipia, Apateolepis, Canobius, Carboveles, Cryphiolepis, Cycloptychius, Dicellopyge, Ferganiscus, Ganolepis, Gonatodus, Grygorichthys, Guizhouniscus, Gyrolepis, Holurus, Isodus, Isodus leptognathus, Koinichthys, Myriolepis, Nematoptychius, Oxygnathus, Palaeoniscum (type genus), Palaeoniscus, Paraeurynotus, Rhadinoniscus, Semionotus brodei, Sixtelia, Strepheoschema, Suchonichthys, Tegeolepis (syn. Actinophorus), Trachelacanthus, Turfania, Turseodus, Wayaobulepis
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1848 | Isodus leptognathus M'Coy p. 2 |
| 1848 | Isodus M'Coy p. 3 |
| 1852 | Palaeoniscidae Vogt |
| 1887 | Palaeoniscidae Cope p. 1018 |
| 1887 | Semionotus brodei Newton |
| 1891 | Palaeoniscidae Woodward p. 416 |
| 1902 | Palaeoniscidae Hay p. 365 |
| 1916 | Palaeoniscidae Woodward p. 23 |
| 1934 | Palaeoniscidae Heintz p. S187 |
| 1946 | Palaeoniscidae Dunkle p. 402 |
| 1952 | Palaeoniscidae Lehman p. 37 |
| 1963 | Palaeoniscidae Jordan p. 611 |
| 1967 | Palaeoniscidae Schaeffer |
| 1972 | Paleoniscidae Beltan p. 290 |
| 1978 | Palaeoniscidae Uyeno p. 193 |
| 1999 | Palaeoniscidae Sytchevskaya p. 456 |
| 2004 | Palaeoniscidae Heckert p. 80 |
| 2005 | Palaeoniscidae Irmis p. 66 |
| 2006 | Palaeoniscidae Nelson p. 91 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852
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G. †Carboveles White 1927
G. †Cycloptychius Young 1866
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†Cycloptychius bidens Matveeva 1958
†Cycloptychius carbonarius Young 1866
†Cycloptychius concentricus Traquair 1881
†Cycloptychius loocki Evans 2005
G. †Dicellopyge Brough 1931
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†Dicellopyge lissocephalus Brough 1931
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Invalid names: Helichthys draperi Smith-Woodward 1893 [synonym]
G. †Ferganiscus Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
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†Ferganiscus osteolepis Sytchevskaya and Kakolev 1999
G. †Gonatodus Traquair 1877
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†Gonatodus brainerdi Thomas 1853
†Gonatodus punctatus Agassiz 1835
†Gonatodus toilliezi Koninck 1878
G. †Gyrolepis Agassiz 1833
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†Gyrolepis albertii Agassiz 1834
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Invalid names: Gyrolepis maximus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Gyrolepis tenuistriatus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
†Gyrolepis biplicatus Münster 1841
†Gyrolepis giganteus Agassiz 1835
†Gyrolepis ornatus Giebel 1848
†Gyrolepis quenstedti Dames 1888
†Gyrolepis rankinii Agassiz 1844
G. †Myriolepis Egerton 1864
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†Myriolepis clarkei Egerton 1864
†Myriolepis hibernica Traquair 1893
†Myriolepis latus Woodward 1890
G. †Oxygnathus Egerton 1854
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†Oxygnathus browni Broom 1913
†Oxygnathus egertoni Egerton 1858
Invalid names: Pteroniscus Berg 1949 [nomen nudum]
G. †Palaeoniscum Blainville 1818
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†Palaeoniscum antipodeus Egerton 1864
†Palaeoniscum antiquum Williams 1886
†Palaeoniscum bainii Egerton 1856
†Palaeoniscum capensis Broom 1913
†Palaeoniscum daedalium Yankevich and Minikh 1998
†Palaeoniscum devonicum Clarke 1885
†Palaeoniscum elegans Sedgwick 1829
†Palaeoniscum freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscum longissimus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Palaeoniscus comtus Agassiz 1835 [synonym]
†Palaeoniscum kasanense Geinitz and Vetter 1880
†Palaeoniscum kurtum Krotov 1900
†Palaeoniscum macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835
†Palaeoniscum reticulatum Williams 1886
†Palaeoniscum scutigerum Newberry 1868
Invalid names: Palaeoniscum crassus Woodward 1908 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum katholitzkianus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Palaeoniscum moravicus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
†Palaeoniscus brongniartii Woodward 1877
†Palaeoniscus catopterus Agassiz 1835
†Palaeoniscus dedenee Van Beneden 1871
†Palaeoniscus freieslebeni Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscus macropomus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Palaeoniscus magnus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Palaeoniscus latus Kirkby 1862
†Palaeoniscus macrophthalmus Agassiz 1835
†Palaeoniscus minutus Agassiz 1833
†Palaeoniscus nanus Eichwald 1857
†Palaeoniscus ovatus Redfield 1841
G. †Tegeolepis Miller 1892
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†Tegeolepis clarki Newberry 1888
†Tegeolepis clarkii Newberry 1888
Invalid names: Actinophorus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
G. †Trachelacanthus Fisher von Waldheim 1850
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†Trachelacanthus stschurovskii Fisher von Waldheim 1850
Invalid names: Isodus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Isodus leptognathus M'Coy 1848 [nomen dubium], Palaeoniscus promtus Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum], Semionotus brodei Newton 1887 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Frasnian to the top of the Barremian or 383.70000 to 125.00000 Ma
Collections (294 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Frasnian | Russian Federation | Palaeoniscidae indet. (90343) | |
| Late/Upper Frasnian | Canada (Ontario) | Palaeoniscidae indet. (226507) | |
| Famennian | USA (Ohio) | Tegeolepis clarki (226496 226497 226498) | |
| Famennian - Tournaisian | Turkey (Hakkâri) | Canobius sp. (230518) | |
| Late/Upper Famennian | USA (Ohio) | Gonatodus brainerdi (226404) | |
| Tournaisian | Belarus (Homel) | Holurus parki, Strepheoschema fouldensis (232533) Strepheoschema fouldensis (232531) | |
| Tournaisian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Canobius sp. (230162) | |
| Tournaisian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | Ganolepis gracilis, Cycloptychius bidens (232962) | |
| Tournaisian | United Kingdom (England) | Strepheoschema fouldensis (229809) | |
| Tournaisian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Palaeoniscum sp. (230129) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Rhaetian | United Kingdom | Gyrolepis alberti (136915) | |
| Rhaetian | USA (Utah) | Turseodus sp. (218214) | |
| Rhaetian | Belgium (Gaume) | Gyrolepis albertii (139198 139202 139204) | |
| Hettangian | USA (New Jersey) | Palaeoniscus latus (182625) | |
| Planorbis | United Kingdom (England) | Cosmolepis egertoni (122158) Oxygnathus egertoni (122157) | |
| Sinemurian | United Kingdom (England) | Oxygnathus ornatus (122153 122154) Thrissonotus colei, Oxygnathus ornatus (122155) | |
| Bucklandi | Italy | Pteroniscus sp. (90673) | |
| Oxfordian | Kazakhstan (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan) | Pteroniscus sp. (92136) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | USA (Colorado) | Palaeoniscidae indet. (45975) | |
| Berriasian - Barremian | Russian Federation (Sakha) | Palaeoniscidae indet. (32313) | |