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Ichthyodectiformes

Actinopteri - Ichthyodectiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1969Ichthyodectiformes Bardack and Sprinkle
2003Ichthyodectiformes Forey et al. p. 228
2004Ichthyodectiformes Alvarado-Ortega
2011Ichthyodectiformes Long p. 242
2016Ichthyodectiformes Nelson et al. p. 131

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
RankNameAuthor
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
orderIchthyodectiformesBardack and Sprinkle 1969
orderIchthyodectiformesBardack and Sprinkle 1969

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Ichthyodectiformes Bardack and Sprinkle 1969
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G. †Aidachar Nessov 1981
+
†Aidachar paludalis Nessov 1981
G. †Allothrissops Nybelin 1964
+
†Allothrissops mesogaster Agassiz 1834
†Allothrissops salmoneus de Blainville 1818
G. †Antarctithrissops Arratia et al. 2004
+
†Antarctithrissops australis Arratia et al. 2004
G. †Ascalabothrissops Arratia 2000
+
†Ascalabothrissops voelkli Arratia 2000
G. †Cavenderichthys Bean 2006
G. †Chuhsiungichthys Yabumoto 1994
+
†Chuhsiungichthys japonicus Yabumoto 1994
†Chuhsiungichthys yanagidai Yabumoto 1994
Fm. †Cladocyclidae Maisey 1991
+
G. †Chiromystus Cope 1885
+
†Chiromystus alagoensis Jordan 1910
†Chiromystus mawsoni Cope 1885
†Chiromystus woodwardi Silva Santos 1949
G. †Cladocyclus Agassiz 1843
+
†Cladocyclus gardneri Agassiz 1841
†Cladocyclus lewesiensis Agassiz 1887
G. †Eubiodectes Hay 1903
+
†Eubiodectes libanicus Pictet and Humbert 1866
G. †Cooyoo Lees and Bartholomai 1987
+
†Cooyoo australis Woodward 1894
G. †Garganoichthys Taverne 2009
+
†Garganoichthys decosmoi Taverne 2009
Subor. †Ichthyodectoidei Romer 1966
+
Fm. †Bardackichthyidae Hacker and Shimada 2021
+
G. †Amakusaichthys Yabumoto et al. 2018
G. †Bardackichthys Hacker and Shimada 2021
+
†Bardackichthys carteri Hacker and Shimada 2021
G. †Heckelichthys Taverne 2008
+
†Heckelichthys microdon Heckel 1849
†Heckelichthys preopercularis Banos-Rodriguez et al. 2020
†Heckelichthys vexillifer Heckel 1856
Fm. †Ichthyodectidae Crook 1892
+
G. †Faugichthys Taverne and Chanet 2000
+
†Faugichthys loryi Taverne and Chanet 2000
G. †Furloichthys Taverne and Capasso 2018
+
†Furloichthys bonarellii Taverne and Capasso 2018
G. †Ghrisichthys Cavin et al. 2013
+
†Ghrisichthys bardacki Cavin 1997
G. †Ichthyodectes Cope 1870
+
†Ichthyodectes anaides Cope 1872
†Ichthyodectes elegans Newton 1877
†Ichthyodectes hamatus Cope 1872
†Ichthyodectes libanicus Pictet and Humbert 1866
†Ichthyodectes minor Egerton 1850
†Ichthyodectes parvus Stewart 1900
†Ichthyodectes tenuidens Woodward 1901
G. †Portheus Cope 1871
+
†Portheus daviesi Newton 1877
†Portheus gaultinus Newton 1877
†Portheus jaxarticus Riabinin 1938
†Portheus mantelli Newton 1877
G. †Xiphactinus Leidy 1870
+
†Xiphactinus audax Leidy 1870
+
Invalid names: Portheus lestrio Cope 1873 [synonym], Portheus lowii Stewart 1898 [synonym], Portheus molossus Cope 1871 [synonym], Portheus mudgei Cope 1874 [synonym], Saurocephalus thaumas Cope 1870 [synonym], Xiphactinus brachygnathus Stewart 1898 [synonym]
†Xiphactinus vetus Leidy 1856
+
Invalid names: Polygonodon rectus Leidy 1858 [synonym], Portheus angulatus Cope 1872 [synonym]
Fm. †Saurodontidae Stewart
+
G. †Gillicus Hay 1898
+
†Gillicus arcuatus Cope 1875
†Gillicus serridens Woodward 1901
G. †Prosaurodon Stewart 1999
+
†Prosaurodon pygmaeus Stewart 1999
G. †Saurocephalus Harlan 1824
+
†Saurocephalus broadheadi Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus dentatus Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus ferox Stewart 1898
†Saurocephalus pygmaeus Loomis 1900
†Saurocephalus striatus Agassiz 1837
Invalid names: Daptinus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Saurodon Hays 1829
+
†Saurodon elongatus Taverne and Bronzi 1999
†Saurodon intermedius Newton 1878
†Saurodon leanus Hays 1830
†Saurodon phlebotomus Cope 1871
G. †Verraesichthys Taverne 2010
+
†Verraesichthys bloti Taverne 2010
Invalid names: Gwawinapterus Arbour and Currie 2011 [nomen dubium], Gwawinapterus beardi Arbour and Currie 2011 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Unamichthyidae Alvarado-Ortega 2004 [empty]
G. †Mesoclupea Ping and Yen 1933
+
†Mesoclupea globicephala Ping and Yen 1933
†Mesoclupea showchangensis Ping and Yen 1933
G. †Occithrissops Schaeffer and Patterson 1984
+
†Occithrissops willsoni Schaeffer and Patterson 1984
G. †Ogunichthys Alvarado-Ortega and Brito 2009
+
†Ogunichthys triangularis Alvarado-Ortega and Brito 2010
G. †Pachythrissops Woodward 1919
+
†Pachythrissops furcatus Eastman 1914
†Pachythrissops laevis Woodward 1919
†Pachythrissops propterus Wagner 1863
†Pachythrissops vectensis Woodward 1890
Invalid names: Parathrissops Eastman 1914 [replaced]
G. †Proportheus Jaekel 1909
+
†Proportheus kameruni Jaekel 1909
+
Invalid names: Chirocentrites guinensis Weiler 1922 [synonym]
G. †Sultanuvaisia Nessov 1981
+
†Sultanuvaisia antiqua Nessov 1981
G. †Thrissops Agassiz 1833
+
†Thrissops cephalus Agassiz 1834
†Thrissops curtus Woodward 1919
†Thrissops exiguus Bassani 1879
†Thrissops formosus Agassiz 1833
†Thrissops molossus Woodward 1919
†Thrissops portlandicus Woodward 1895
†Thrissops subovatus Agassiz 1843
G. †Unamichthys Alvarado-Ortega 2004
+
†Unamichthys espinosai Alvarado-Ortega 2004
G. †Vallecillichthys Blanco and Cavin 2003
+
†Vallecillichthys multivertebratum Blanco and Cavin 2003
Invalid names: Allothrissopidae Patterson and Rosen 1977 [empty], Chuhsiungichthiidae Yabumoto 1994 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:09:47
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:23:33
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Kimmeridgian to the top of the Bartonian or 155.70000 to 38.00000 Ma

Collections (139 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Eastern Barvaria) Allothrissops regleyi, Allothrissops mesogaster (187436)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Allothrissops sp., Allothrissops mesogaster, Thrissops subovatus (154138)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Bayern) Allothrissops sp., Ascalabothrissops voelkli (59175)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0France (Poitou-Charentes) Ichthyodectidae indet. (164377)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Antarctica Antarctithrissops australis (90426 90427)
Late/Upper Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Turkey Thrissops sp. (68641)
Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian145.0 - 140.2France (Poitou-Charentes) Thrissops sp., Ichthyodectidae indet. (61930)
Neocomian145.0 - 125.77Japan (Fukuoka) Chuhsiungichthys sp. (145244) Chuhsiungichthys yanagidai (145243)
Neocomian - Barremian145.0 - 125.0Spain (Aragón) Pachythrissops vectensis (61317)
Cretaceous145.0 - 66.0Brazil (Bahia) Ogunichthys triangularis (133538)
Late/Upper Valanginian140.2 - 136.4United Kingdom (England) Pachythrissops sp. (96621)
Hauterivian132.9 - 129.4Switzerland Saurocephalus inflexus (2198)
Late/Upper Barremian130.0 - 125.45Spain (Valenciana) Pachythrissops vectensis (61324)
Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian129.4 - 122.46Belgium (Sauerland) Pachythrissops vectensis (22645)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Venezuela (Zulia) Ichthyodectidae indet. (89071)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Mexico (Chiapas) Ichthyodectiformes indet. (68835)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0Brazil (Pernambuco) Cladocyclus gardneri (193049 193050 193051 193052)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 113.0Brazil (Ceará) Cladocyclus sp. (28052)
Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian122.46 - 109.0Brazil (Pernacumbo) Cladocyclus sp. (165422)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 122.46Germany Xiphactinus sp. (221372)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Switzerland Saurocephalus albensis (2167)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Niger (Agadez) Ichthyodectiformes indet. (228823)
Albian - Cenomanian113.0 - 93.9Mexico (Hidalgo) Heckelichthys preopercularis (135815)
Albian - Cenomanian113.0 - 93.9Canada (Alberta) Ichthyodectidae indet. (22733)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0Italy (Campania) Chirocentrites sp., Cladocyclus sp. (112631)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6France Faugichthys loryi (63325)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6Mexico (Puebla) Unamichthys espinosai (133991)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Venezuela (Trujillo) Ichthyodectiformes indet., Xiphactinus audax (176561)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Croatia Thrissops microdon (221235)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Polygonodon vetus (126156)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectidae indet. (36744 36745)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5United Kingdom (England) Saurocephalus lanciformis (49496)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Mexico (Chiapas) Ichthyodectoidei indet. (192074)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Uzbekistan (Navoi) Aidachar sp., Sultanuvaisia sp. (64685) Ichthyodectiformes indet. (64684) Sultanuvaisia antiqua (58208)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Italy (Pesaro) Furloichthys bonarellii (221194)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Croatia Chirocentrites coroninii, Thrissops microdon (221022) Thrissops exiguus, Thrissops microdon (123565) Thrissops microdon (123550)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (213414 213416 213417 213418 213419)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Morocco (Er Rachida) Cladocyclus sp. (120457)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Lebanon Chirocentrites libanicus (216596 221227) Eubiodectes libanicus (221229 221230 221231)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Spain (Asturias) Ichthyodectidae indet. (98396)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Italy Ichthyodectoidei indet., Heckelichthys vexillifer (214600)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Egypt Portheus sp. (214404)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Slovenia Thrissops vexillifer (221237)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (94538)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Lebanon Eubiodectes libanicus (124426)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Texas) Bardackichthys carteri (219842)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Colorado) Xiphactinus audax (35429)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (Saskatchewan) Xiphactinus audax, Ichthyodectes ctenodon (22731 52997)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (South Dakota) Gillicus arcuatus, Ichthyodectes sp. (181902)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (102879)
Turonian - Coniacian93.9 - 86.3USA (Texas) Ichthyodectes sp., Xiphactinus sp. (107425)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Alberta) Gillicus sp., Xiphactinus sp., Ichthyodectes ctenodon (221341) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (213294)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Morocco (Meknès - Tafilalt) Ichthyodectes bardacki (51686)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Northwest Territories) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (220897 220907)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Utah) Gillicus arcuatus (67973)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Mexico (Nuevo León) Vallecillichthys multivertebratum (84950)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Iowa) Ichthyodectiformes indet. (213400)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Nebraska) Xiphactinus audax (213402)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax (213384 213385)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (Kansas) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (213390) Xiphactinus audax (35365 213387 213526)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Uzbekistan (Navoi) Aidachar sp. (46959) Aidachar sp. B (58164) Ichthyodectidae indet. (58167 58168)
Late/Upper Turonian - Early/Lower Coniacian93.5 - 85.8Mexico (Coahuila) Ichthyodectiformes indet. (92293)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Tajikistan (Asht) Portheus sp. (53132)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.3 - 85.8USA (Texas) Xiphactinus sp. (34755)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian89.3 - 70.6USA (Mississippi) Xiphactinus audax (164393)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Colorado) Ichthyodectes sp. (179211)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Xiphactinus audax, Gillicus arcuatus (94652) Xiphactinus sp. (93220)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Alabama) Saurodon sp., Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (81928)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Russian Federation (Orenburg) Saurodontidae indet. (232890)
Santonian - Campanian86.3 - 72.1Canada (Alberta) Xiphactinus audax (192128)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (Kansas) Portheus molossus, Ichthyodectes anaides, Gillicus arcuatus (188488)
Late/Upper Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (South Dakota) Ichthyodectidae indet., Saurodontidae indet. (194130)
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.8 - 70.6USA (Alabama) Saurodon leanus (81933) Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (82053) Xiphactinus audax (81930 81932 81972) Xiphactinus audax, Ichthyodectes ctenodon, Saurodon leanus (82054) Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus (82049) Xiphactinus audax, Saurodon leanus, Saurocephalus lanciformis (81934)
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian85.8 - 70.6USA (Georgia) Xiphactinus audax (35289)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Canada (Nunavut) Xiphactinus sp. (36383)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (Georgia) Xiphactinus audax (70720)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyodectes ctenodon (36707) Ichthyodectidae indet., Gillicus arcuatus (36743)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (North Carolina) Portheus molossus (190555) Portheus sp. (123474)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (Wyoming) Ichthyodectes sp., Saurocephalus sp., Portheus sp. (105717)
Campanian - Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Italy (Lecce) Saurodon elongatus (140248)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (North Carolina) Polygonodon rectus (106277)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Russian Federation (Saratov) Saurocephalus lanciformis (224997)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Sweden (Skåne) Ichthyodectidae indet. (74334)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (North Carolina) Saurodon sp., Polygonodon rectus, Xiphactinus audax (57918) Xiphactinus vetus (128412)
Judithian83.5 - 70.6USA (Wyoming) Xiphactinus vetus (14478 14479 14487)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Xiphactinus sp. (27570)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (British Columbia) Gwawinapterus beardi (84196)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus audax (14455) Xiphactinus sp. (32181)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (South Carolina) Ichthyodectidae indet., Saurodontidae indet. (79363)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Saurodon sp. (7515)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus sp. (57916) Xiphactinus vetus (221052)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Xiphactinus sp. (26818)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Jordan Saurocephalus sp., Saurodon sp., Ichthyodectidae indet. (170239)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Xiphactinus vetus (213589)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Greece Ichthyodectoidei indet. (207367)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Egypt Saurocephalus fayumensis (42054)