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Ichthyornithes

Reptilia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1873Ichthyornithes Marsh p. 117
1875Ichthyornithes Marsh p. 407
1898Ichthyornithes Gadow p. 31
1911Ichthyornithes Jaekel p. 179
1930Ichthyornithiformes Hay p. 281
1940Ichthyornithiformes Wetmore p. 4
1956Ichthyornithiformes Wetmore p. 5
1960Ichthyornithes Wetmore p. 23
1984Ichthyornithiformes Martin p. 146
1991Ichthyornithiformes Chatterjee p. 328
2001Ichthyornithiformes Elzanowski et al. p. 718
2002Ichthornithiformes Sepkoski
2004Ichthyornithes Clarke p. 20
2004Ichthyornithiformes Padian p. 214
2005Ichthyornithiformes Clarke et al. p. 307
2007Ichthyornithiformes Livezey and Zusi p. 89
2022Ichthyornithes Benito et al.
2022Ichthyornithes Benito et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
RankNameAuthor
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Theropoda()
Tetanurae
Coelurosauria()
Maniraptora
Paraves
classAves
PygostyliaChiappe 2002
Ornithothoraces
OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithurae
Ichthyornithes()
Ichthyornithes()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Ichthyornithes Marsh 1873
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G. †Ichthyornis Marsh 1872
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Ichthyornis dispar Marsh 1872
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Invalid names: Colonosaurus mudgei Marsh 1872 [objective synonym], Ichthyornis agilis Marsh 1873 [synonym], Ichthyornis anceps Marsh 1872 [synonym], Ichthyornis antecessor Wetmore 1962 [synonym], Ichthyornis validus Marsh 1880 [synonym], Ichthyornis victor Marsh 1876 [synonym]
Ichthyornis minusculus Nessov 1990
Invalid names: Angelinornis Kashin 1972 [synonym], Colonosaurus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Plegadornis Wetmore 1962 [synonym]
Fm. †Ichthyornithidae Marsh 1873
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Invalid names: Angelinornithidae Kashin 1972 [synonym], Plegadornithidae Wetmore 1962 [synonym]
G. †Janavis Benito et al. 2022
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Janavis finalidens Benito et al. 2022
Invalid names: Apatornithidae Fürbringer 1888 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2017-04-17 10:39:48
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:39:48
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Marsh 1875, Bush and Bambach 2015, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Middle Cenomanian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 99.60000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (34 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (Saskatchewan) Ichthyornis sp. (22731) Ichthyornis sp. B, Ichthyornis sp. (52997)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Kansas) Ichthyornithes indet. (94538)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Alberta) Ichthyornis sp. (136242)
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (New Mexico) Ichthyornis sp. (84547)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3Uzbekistan (Navoi) Ichthyornis minusculus (58168)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.3 - 85.8USA (Texas) Dinosauria indet. (34755)
Early/Lower Coniacian - Santonian89.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Ichthyornis dispar (13301)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian89.3 - 70.6Mexico (Coahuila) Ichthyornis dispar (160666)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Ichthyornis dispar, Colonosaurus mudgei (85276)
Middle Santonian85.8 - 83.5USA (Kansas) Ichthyornis dispar (231052 231053 231054 231055 231056 231057 231058 231059)
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.8 - 70.6USA (Alabama) Plegadornis antecessor (81932)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (California) Ichthyornis sp. (94632)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Ichthyornis antecessor (34756 34757)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Canada (Manitoba) Ichthyornithiformes indet. (23307)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Alabama) Ichthyornis dispar (197308 197312 197314 197316 231048 231049 231050 231051) Ichthyornis sp. (82635)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Alabama) Ichthyornis dispar (80890)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Belgium (Liège) Ornithurae indet. (84446)