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Delphinoidea

Mammalia - Cetacea

Taxonomy
Delphinoidea was named by Flower (1865). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Geisler et al. (2011).

It was assigned to Denticete by Gray (1868); to Cetacea by Rice (2009); to Odontoceti by Bianucci and Landini (2007), Canto et al. (2010), Murakami et al. (2014) and Murakami et al. (2015); to Delphinida by de Muizon (1988), Dawson (1996), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Kazár et al. (2004), Uhen et al. (2008), Bianucci et al. (2011), Geisler et al. (2011), Codrea et al. (2014), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Ichishima et al. (2019) and Belluzzo and Lambert (2021); and to Odontoceti by Simpson (1945), Fraser and Purves (1960), Kasuya (1973), Gaskin et al. (1974), Brownell (1975), Barnes (1978), Brownell (1983), Brownell and Praderi (1984), Barnes et al. (1985), Barnes (1985), Barnes (1985), Barnes (1988), Heyning and Dahleim (1988), Vidal (1991), Stacey et al. (1994), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), da Silva and Best (1996), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Ichishima and Kimura (2000), Norman and Mead (2001), Sach and Heizmann (2001), Rice (2002), Gingerich (2005), Kazár (2005), Ichishima and Kimura (2005), Kazár (2006), Lambert and Gigase (2007), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Aguirre-Fernández et al. (2009), Post and Kompanje (2010), Kazár and Hampe (2014) and Citron et al. (2022).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1865Delphinoidea Flower p. 388
1868Delphinoidea Gray p. 4
1922Prionodelphis Frenguelli p. 491
1922Prionodelphis rovereti Frenguelli p. 491 figs. Fig. 1
1926Eurhinodelphis pacificus Matsumoto p. 21 figs. Plate II, Figs. 1-4
1928Prionodelphis Kellogg p. 32 figs. Table 1
1945Delphinoidea Simpson p. 102
1960Delphinoidea Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26
1972Prionodelphis Hendey p. 101
1972Prionodelphis rovereti Hendey p. 101
1973Delphinoidea Kasuya p. 61
1974Delphinoidea Gaskin et al. p. 1
1974Prionodelphis Hendey p. 66
1975Delphinoidea Brownell p. 1
1978Delphinoidea Barnes p. 3
1983Delphinoidea Brownell p. 1
1984Delphinoidea Brownell and Praderi p. 1
1985Delphinoidea Barnes p. 3
1985Delphinoidea Barnes et al. p. 25
1988Delphinoidea Barnes p. 8
1988Delphinoidea Heyning and Dahleim p. 1
1988Delphinoidea de Muizon p. 187
1991Delphinoidea Vidal p. 5
1994Delphinoidea Fordyce and Barnes p. 429 figs. Table 1
1994Delphinoidea Stacey et al. p. 1
1995Delphinoidea Fordyce et al. p. 379
1996Delphinoidea Dawson p. 132
1996Delphinoidea da Silva and Best p. 1
1997Delphinoidea McKenna and Bell p. 383
1997Prionodelphis McKenna and Bell p. 383
1998Delphinoidea Rice
2000Delphinoidea Ichishima and Kimura p. 561
2001Delphinoidea Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179
2001Delphinoidea Norman and Mead p. 1
2001Delphinoidea Sach and Heizmann p. 42
2002Delphinoidea Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1
2002Prionodelphis Sepkoski
2004Delphinoidea Kazár et al. p. 179
2005Delphinoidea Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1
2005Delphinoidea Ichishima and Kimura p. 655
2005Delphinoidea Kazár p. 54
2006Delphinoidea Kazár p. 275
2007Delphinoidea Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1
2007Delphinoidea Lambert and Gigase p. 198
2008Delphinoidea Uhen et al. p. 587
2008Delphinoidea Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 198
2009Delphinoidea Aguirre-Fernández et al.
2009Delphinoidea Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1
2010Delphinoidea Canto et al. p. 20
2010Delphinoidea Post and Kompanje p. 2
2011Delphinoidea Bianucci et al. p. 568
2011Delphinoidea Geisler et al. p. 6 figs. Table 1
2014Delphinoidea Codrea et al. p. 17
2014Delphinoidea Kazár and Hampe p. 1217
2014Delphinoidea Murakami et al. p. 492
2015Delphinoidea Murakami et al. p. 99
2016Delphinoidea Marx et al. p. 134
2017Delphinoidea Berta p. 164
2019Delphinoidea Ichishima et al.
2021Delphinoidea Belluzzo and Lambert p. 79
2022Delphinoidea Citron et al. p. 169

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Whippomorpha
orderCetacea
—Pelagiceti
—Neoceti
suborderOdontoceti
infraorderDelphinida
superfamilyDelphinoidea
superfamilyDelphinoidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Delphinoidea Flower 1865
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Fm. †Albireonidae Barnes 1984
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G. †Albireo Barnes 1984
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†Albireo savagei Barnes 2008
†Albireo whistleri Barnes 1984
Fm. Delphinidae Gray 1821 [dolphin]
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G. †Arimidelphis Bianucci 2005
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†Arimidelphis sorbinii Bianucci 2005
G. †Australodelphis Fordyce et al. 2002
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†Australodelphis mirus Fordyce et al. 2002
Subfm. †Delphininae Flower 1867
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G. †Astadelphis Bianucci 1996
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†Astadelphis gastaldii Brandt 1874
G. Delphinus Linnaeus 1758 [common dolphin]
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†Delphinus baltringii Van Beneden 1876
†Delphinus brevidens Dubreuil and Gervais 1849
†Delphinus delannoy Van Beneden 1860
Delphinus delphis Linnaeus 1758 [short-beaked common dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus albimanus Peale 1848 [synonym], Delphinus algeriensis Loche 1860 [synonym], Delphinus bairdii Dall 1873 [synonym], Delphinus capensis Gray 1828 [synonym], Delphinus dussumieri Blanford 1891 [synonym], Delphinus fluvofasciatus Wagner 1853 [synonym], Delphinus forsteri Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus frithii Blyth 1859 [synonym], Delphinus fulvifasciatus Wagner 1846 [synonym], Delphinus janira Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus longirostris Cuvier 1829 [synonym], Delphinus loriger Wiegmann 1846 [synonym], Delphinus major Gray 1866 [synonym], Delphinus microps Burmeister 1866 [synonym], Delphinus moorei Gray 1866 [synonym], Delphinus novaezelandiae Quoy and Gainard 1830 [synonym], Delphinus pomeegra Owen 1866 [synonym], Delphinus ponticus Barabash 1935 [synonym], Delphinus sao Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus tropicalis van Bree 1971 [synonym], Delphinus vulgaris Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Delphinus walkeri Gray 1866 [synonym], Delphinus zelandae Gray 1843 [synonym], Eudelphinus pliocaenus Gervais 1859 [synonym], Eudelphinus tasmaniensis Van Beneden and Gervais 1880 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus decastelnau Van Beneden 1873 [synonym]
†Delphinus dewaeli Vanden Broeck 1874
†Delphinus rikuzenensis Hatai et al. 1963
Delphinus risso Risso 1826
†Delphinus taramelli de Zigno 1872
†Delphinus wasii Vanden Broeck 1874
Invalid names: Delphinus bertini Desmarest 1817 [nomen dubium], Delphinus bonnaterrei Tiedemann 1808 [nomen dubium], Delphinus boryi Desmarest 1822 [nomen dubium], Delphinus chilensis Philippi 1896 [nomen dubium], Delphinus coronatus Blainville 1817 [nomen dubium], Delphinus epiodon Desmarest 1822 [nomen dubium], Delphinus fabricii Billberg 1827 [nomen dubium], Delphinus feres Bonnaterre 1789 [nomen dubium], Delphinus harlani Fischer 1829 [nomen dubium], Delphinus leucocephalus Lesson 1826 [nomen dubium], Delphinus maculatus Lesson and Garnot 1826 [nomen dubium], Delphinus minimus Lesson 1826 [nomen dubium], Delphinus nesarnac Lesson 1827 [nomen dubium], Delphinus niger Lacepede 1818 [nomen dubium], Delphinus obtusus Schlegel 1862 [nomen dubium], Delphinus pernettyi Blainville 1817 [nomen oblitum], Delphinus rappii Reichenbach 1846 [nomen dubium], Delphinus rhinoceros Quoy and Gaimard 1824 [nomen dubium], Delphinus siculus Rafinesque Schmaltz 1810 [nomen dubium], Delphinus tursio Fabricius 1780 [nomen dubium], Eudelphinus Van Beneden and Gervais 1880 [synonym]
G. †Etruridelphis Bianucci et al. 2009
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†Etruridelphis giulii Lawley 1876
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Invalid names: Steno bellardii Portis 1886 [synonym]
G. Lagenodelphis Fraser 1956
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Lagenodelphis hosei Fraser 1956 [Fraser's dolphin]
G. †Septidelphis Bianucci 2013
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†Septidelphis morii Bianucci 2013
G. Sousa Gray 1866
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Sousa chinensis Osbeck 1765 [Chinese white dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus sinensis Desmarest 1822 [synonym], Sotalia borneensis Lydekker 1901 [synonym], Sousa huangi Wang Peilie 1999 [synonym], Sousa lentiginosa Iredale and Troughton 1934 [synonym]
Sousa plumbea Flower 1884
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Invalid names: Delphinus (Steno) lentiginosus Owen 1866 [synonym], Sotalia fergusoni Lydekker 1903 [synonym], Stenopontistes zambezicus Mirando Ribeiro 1936 [synonym]
Sousa sahulensis Jefferson and Rosenbaum 2014
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Invalid names: Sousa queenslandensis Gaskin 1972 [synonym]
Sousa teuszii Kukenthal 1892
G. Stenella Gray 1866
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Stenella attenuata Gray 1846 [pantropical spotted dolphin]
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Invalid names: Clymene punctata Gray 1866 [synonym], Delphinus albirostratus Peale 1848 [synonym], Delphinus brevimanus Wagner 1846 [synonym], Delphinus microbrachium Gray 1850 [synonym], Delphinus pseudodelphis Wiegmann 1840 [synonym], Delphinus velox Cuvier 1829 [synonym], Prodelphinus graffmani Lonnberg 1934 [synonym], Steno capensis Gray 1866 [synonym], Steno consimilis Malm 1871 [synonym]
Stenella clymene Gray 1850
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Invalid names: Clymene normalis Gray 1866 [synonym], Clymenia normalis Gray 1868 [synonym], Prodelphinus clymene Lutken 1889 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Clymene burmeisteri Malm 1871 [synonym], Clymenia euphrosynoides Gray 1868 [synonym], Clymenia novaezelandiae Hector 1873 [synonym], Delphinus amphitriteus Philippi 1893 [synonym], Delphinus asthenops Cope 1865 [synonym], Delphinus crotaphiscus Cope 1865 [synonym], Delphinus euphrosyne Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus holbollii Nilsson 1847 [synonym], Delphinus lateralis Peale 1848 [synonym], Delphinus marginatus Duvernoy 1857 [synonym], Delphinus mediterraneus Loche 1860 [synonym], Delphinus styx Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus tethyos Gervais 1853 [synonym], Tursio dorcides Gray 1866 [synonym]
Stenella frontalis Cuvier 1829
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Invalid names: Delphinus (Delphinorhynchus) pernettyi Blainville 1817 [replaced], Delphinus doris Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus frenatus Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus froenatus Cuvier 1836 [synonym], Delphinus plagiodon Cope 1866 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Clymenia alope Gray 1850 [synonym], Delphinus microps Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus roseiventris Wagner 1846 [synonym], Delphinus stenorhynchus Gray 1866 [synonym]
†Stenella rayi Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008
Invalid names: Clymenia Gray 1864 [synonym], Delphinus attenuatus Gray 1843 [nomen nudum], Euphrosyne Gray 1866 [synonym], Fretidelphis Iredale and Troughton 1934 [synonym], Micropia Gray 1868 [synonym], Prodelphinus Van Beneden and Gervais 1880 [synonym], Stenella dubia Cuvier 1812 [nomen dubium]
G. Tursiops Gervais 1855
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Tursiops aduncus Ehrenberg 1832
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Invalid names: Delphinus (Steno) gadamu Owen 1866 [synonym], Delphinus (Steno) maculiventer Owen 1866 [synonym], Delphinus abusalam Ruppell 1842 [synonym], Delphinus hamatus Wiegmann 1841 [synonym], Delphinus salam Van Beneden 1886 [synonym], Sotalia perniger Trouessart 1898 [synonym], Tursiops australis Charlton-Robb et al. 2011 [synonym], Tursiops catalania Gray 1862 [synonym], Tursiops fergusoni Lydekker 1903 [synonym]
†Tursiops astensis Sacco 1891
†Tursiops brochii Balsamo Crivelli 1842
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Invalid names: Delphinapterus brocchii Brandt 1873 [synonym]
†Tursiops osennae Simonelli 1911
Tursiops truncatus Gray 1866 [common bottlenose dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus compressicauda Lesson 1828 [synonym], Delphinus cymodoce Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus erebennus Cope 1865 [synonym], Delphinus eurynome Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus metis Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus nesarnack Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Delphinus tursio Gunnerus 1768 [synonym], Tursio catalania Gray 1844 [synonym], Tursiops dawsoni Lydekker 1909 [synonym], Tursiops gephyreus Lahille 1908 [synonym], Tursiops maugeanus Iredale and Troughton 1934 [synonym], Tursiops nuuanu Andrews 1911 [synonym], Tursiops parvimanus Van Beneden 1886 [synonym], Tursiops ponticus Barabash-Nikiforov 1940 [synonym], Tursiops tursio Bonnaterre 1789 [synonym], Tursiops tursio obtusus Schlegel 1862 [synonym]
Invalid names: Delphinus caerulescens Giglioli 1874 [nomen dubium], Delphinus perniger Blyth 1848 [nomen dubium], Tursiops subridens True 1884 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Delphinina Gray 1825 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Eodelphinus Murakami et al. 2014
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†Eodelphinus kabatensis Horikawa 1977
Invalid names: Eodelphis Murakami et al. 2014 [replaced]
Subfm. Globicephalinae Gray 1866
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G. Feresa Gray 1870 [pygmy killer whale]
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Feresa attenuata Gray 1874 [pygmy killer whale]
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Invalid names: Delphinus intermedius Gray 1827 [synonym], Feresa occulta Jones and Packard 1956 [synonym]
G. Globicephala Lesson 1828 [pilot whale]
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†Globicephala etruriae Pilleri 1987
Globicephala macrorhynchus Gray 1846 [short-finned pilot whale]
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Invalid names: Delphinus fuscus Reichenbach 1846 [synonym], Globicephala baereckeii Sellards 1916 [synonym], Globicephala scammonii Cope 1869 [synonym], Globicephala sieboldii Gray 1846 [synonym], Globicephalus brachypterus Cope 1876 [synonym], Globicephalus scammonii Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Globicephalus sibo Gray 1871 [synonym], Globiocephalus propinquus Malm 1871 [synonym]
Globicephala melas Traill 1809 [long-finned pilot whale]
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Invalid names: Delphinus carbonarius Wagner 1846 [synonym], Delphinus deductor Scoresby 1820 [synonym], Delphinus globiceps Cuvier 1812 [synonym], Delphinus grampus Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus grinda Lyngbye 1825 [synonym], Delphinus intermedius Harlan 1872 [synonym], Globicephala edwardii Smith 1834 [synonym], Globicephala indica Blythe 1852 [synonym], Globicephala leucosagmaphora Rayner 1939 [synonym], Globicephalus chilensis Philippi 1896 [synonym], Globicephalus conductor Rapp 1837 [synonym], Globicephalus edwardsii Gray 1866 [synonym], Globicephalus indicus Blyth 1852 [synonym], Globicephalus intermedius Gray 1827 [synonym], Globiocephalus affinis Gray 1846 [synonym], Globiocephalus edwardsii Smith 1834 [synonym], Globiocephalus incrassatus Gray 1861 [synonym], Grampus affinis Gray 1866 [synonym], Phocaena globiceps Lesson 1827 [synonym], Sphaerocephalus incrassatus Gray 1866 [synonym]
†Globicephala uncidens Lankester 1864
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Invalid names: Globicephalus orcoides Lankester 1864 [synonym]
†Globicephalus karsteni Olfers 1839
Invalid names: Globicephalus chinensis Gray 1866 [nomen dubium], Globiceps Flower 1883 [synonym], Globiocephalus Gray 1846 [synonym], Sphaerocephalus Gray 1864 [synonym]
G. Grampus Gray 1828
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Grampus griseus Cuvier 1812 [Risso's dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus aires Cuvier 1812 [synonym], Delphinus rissoanus Demarest 1822 [synonym], Globicephalus rissii Risso 1826 [synonym], Grampidelphis exilis Iredale and Troughton 1933 [synonym], Grampidelphis kuzira Iredale and Troughton 1933 [synonym], Grampus cuvieri Gray 1846 [synonym], Grampus richardsoni Gray 1850 [synonym], Grampus richardsonii Gray 1850 [synonym], Grampus sakamata Gray 1846 [synonym], Grampus sowerbianus Fischer 1881 [synonym], Grampus stearnsii Dall 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Grampidelphis Iredale and Troughton 1933 [synonym], Grayius Scott 1873 [synonym]
G. Orcaella Gray 1866
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Orcaella brevirostris Gray 1866 [Irrawaddy dolphin]
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Invalid names: Orcaella fluminalis Gray 1871 [synonym]
Orcaella heinsohni Beasley et al. 2005
Invalid names: Orcella Anderson 1871 [synonym]
G. Peponocephala Nishiwaki and Norris 1966
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Peponocephala electra Gray 1846 [melon-headed whale]
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Invalid names: Delphinus (Lagenorhynchus) fusiformis Owen 1866 [synonym], Delphinus pectoralis Peale 1848 [synonym], Electra asia Gray 1846 [synonym], Electra fusiformis Owen 1866 [synonym], Electra obtusa Gray 1868 [synonym], Phocoena pectoralis Peale 1849 [synonym]
G. †Platalearostrum Post and Kompanje 2010
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†Platalearostrum hoekmani Post and Kompanje 2010 [Hoekman’s blunt-snouted dolphin]
G. †Protoglobicephala Aguirre-Fernández et al. 2009
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†Protoglobicephala mexicana Aguirre-Fernández et al. 2009
G. Pseudorca Reinhardt 1862 [false killer whale]
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Pseudorca crassidens Owen 1846 [false killer whale]
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Invalid names: Globicephalus grayi Burmeister 1869 [synonym], Orca (Pseudorca) meridionalis Flower 1864 [synonym], Orca destructor Cope 1866 [synonym], Orca meridionalis Flower 1864 [synonym], Pseudorca mediterranea Giglioli 1882 [synonym]
†Pseudorca yokoyamai Matsumoto 1926
Invalid names: Neorca Gray 1871 [synonym], Pseudorca yuanliensis Chang and Cheng 1998 [nomen nudum]
G. †Rododelphis Bianucci et al. 2022
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†Rododelphis stamatiadisi Bianucci et al. 2022
Invalid names: Globidelphinidae Nishiwaki 1963 [invalid subgroup], Globiocephalina Gray 1864 [synonym], Grampidae Nishiwaki 1964 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Hemisyntrachelus Brandt 1873
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†Hemisyntrachelus cortesii Fischer 1829
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Invalid names: Hemisyntrachelus pisanus Bianucci 1996 [synonym], Tursiops capellinii Del Prato 1898 [synonym], Tursiops cortesii pedemontana Sacco 1891 [nomen nudum]
†Hemisyntrachelus oligodon Pilleri and Siber 1989
G. Lagenorhynchus Gray 1846
+
+
Invalid names: Delphinus eschrichtii Schlegel 1841 [synonym], Delphinus leucopleurus Rasch 1843 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus gubernator Cope 1876 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus perspicillatus Cope 1876 [synonym], Leucopleurus arcticus Gray 1868 [synonym]
Lagenorhynchus albirostris Gray 1846 [white-beaked dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus ibsenii Eschricht 1846 [synonym], Delphinus pseudotursio Reichenbach 1846 [synonym], Delphinus tursio Brightwell 1846 [replaced]
†Lagenorhynchus harmatuki Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008
Invalid names: Delphinus superciliosus Lesson and Garnot 1826 [nomen dubium], Electra Gray 1866 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus nilssonii Gray 1864 [nomen dubium], Leucopleurus Gray 1866 [synonym]
Subfm. Lissodelphininae Fraser and Purves 1960
+
G. Cephalorhynchus Gray 1846
+
+
Invalid names: Lagenorhynchus burmeisteri Moreno 1892 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus floweri Moreno 1892 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Delphinus lunatus Lesson 1826 [synonym], Eutropia dickiei Gray 1866 [synonym], Phocaena albiventris Perez Canto 1893 [synonym], Tursio platyrrhinus Philippi 1895 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Delphinus capensis Dussumier 1829 [synonym], Delphinus cephalorhynchus Cuvier 1836 [synonym], Delphinus hastatus Cuvier 1836 [synonym], Delphinus tridens Castelnau 1873 [synonym], Orca capensis Van Beneden 1873 [synonym]
Cephalorhynchus hectori Van Beneden 1881
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Invalid names: Cephalorhynchus albifrons True 1889 [synonym], Cephalorhynchus maui Baker et al. 2002 [synonym], Electra clancula Hector 1873 [replaced]
Invalid names: Eutropia Gray 1862 [synonym], Phocoena obtusata Philippi 1893 [nomen dubium]
G. Lissodelphis Gloger 1841
+
+
Invalid names: Lagenorhynchus thicolea Gray 1846 [synonym]
†Lissodelphis fockii Brandt 1873
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†Lissodelphis fockii major Macarovici and Zaharia 1968
†Lissodelphis fockii minor Macarovici and Zaharia 1968
†Lissodelphis nordmanni Brandt 1873
Lissodelphis peronii Lacépède 1804 [southern right whale dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinapterus lessonii Philippi 1893 [synonym], Delphinus bicolor Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus leucorhamphus Peron 1804 [synonym], Prodelphinus gervaisi Trouessart 1898 [synonym]
Invalid names: Leucorhamphus Lilljeborg 1861 [synonym], Pachypleurus Brandt 1873 [synonym], Pristinocetus Trouessart 1898 [synonym], Tursio Wagler 1830 [synonym]
G. Sagmatias Cope 1866
+
+
Invalid names: Tursio chiloensis Philippi 1900 [synonym]
Sagmatias cruciger Quoy and Gaimard 1824
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Invalid names: Delphinus albigena Quoy and Gaimard 1824 [synonym], Delphinus bivittatus Lesson and Garnot 1826 [synonym], Delphinus obscurus Gray 1850 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus wilsoni Lillie 1915 [synonym], Phocaena dorbignyi Philippi 1893 [synonym], Phocaena homeii Smith 1828 [synonym]
Sagmatias obliquidens Gill 1865 [Pacific white-sided dolphin]
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Invalid names: Delphinus longidens Cope 1866 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus ognevi Slensov 1955 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Clymenia similis Gray 1868 [synonym], Delphinus breviceps Wiegmann 1840 [synonym], Delphinus breviceps Jacquinot and Pucheran 1853 [synonym], Delphinus fitzroyi Waterhouse 1838 [synonym], Lagenorhynchus similis Gray 1868 [synonym], Prodelphinus petersii Reinhardt 1889 [synonym], Tursio panope Canto 1896 [synonym]
G. †Norisdelphis Kimura and Hasegawa 2020
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†Norisdelphis annakaensis Kimura and Hasegawa 2020
Subfm. Orcininae Wagner 1846
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Invalid names: Orcadae Gray 1870 [synonym], Orcadina Gray 1868 [synonym]
G. Orcinus Fitzinger 1860 [killer whale]
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†Orcinus citoniensis Capellini 1883
†Orcinus meyeri Brandt 1873
Orcinus orca Linnaeus 1758 [orca]
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Invalid names: Delphinus duhameli Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Delphinus gladiator Bonnaterre 1789 [synonym], Delphinus grampus Desmarest 1817 [synonym], Delphinus serra Borowski 1781 [synonym], Delphinus victorini Grill 1858 [synonym], Orca (Gladiator) latirostris Gray 1870 [synonym], Orca (Gladiator) stenorhyncha Gray 1870 [synonym], Orca (Ophysia) pacifica Gray 1870 [synonym], Orca africana Gray 1871 [synonym], Orca antarctica Fischer 1876 [synonym], Orca ater Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Orca capensis Gray 1846 [synonym], Orca eschrichtii Reinhardt 1866 [synonym], Orca gladiator Bonnaterre 1789 [synonym], Orca latirostris Gray 1870 [synonym], Orca magellanica Burmeister 1866 [synonym], Orca minor Malm 1871 [synonym], Orca pacifica Gray 1870 [synonym], Orca rectipinna Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Orca schlegelii Lilljeborg 1866 [synonym], Orca tasmanica Gray 1871 [synonym], Orcinus glacialis Berzin and Vladimirov 1983 [synonym], Orcinus morzerbruynsus Heintzelman 1981 [synonym], Orcinus nanus Mikhalev and Ivashin 1981 [synonym], Physeter microps Fabricius 1780 [synonym]
†Orcinus paleorca Matsumoto 1937
Invalid names: Gladiator Gray 1870 [synonym], Ophysia Gray 1868 [synonym], Orca Gray 1846 [replaced]
G. †Pliodelphis Belluzzo and Lambert 2021
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†Pliodelphis doelensis Belluzzo and Lambert 2021
G. Sotalia Gray 1866
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Sotalia fluviatilis Gervais and Deville 1853
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Invalid names: Delphinus pallidus Gervais 1855 [synonym], Delphinus tuchuschi Van Beneden and Gervais 1880 [synonym], Sotalia brasiliensis Van Beneden 1875 [synonym], Sotalia pallida Gervais 1855 [synonym], Steno tucuxi Gray 1857 [synonym]
Sotalia guianensis Van Beneden 1864
Invalid names: Sotalia maculiventer Owen 1866 [nomen dubium], Tucuxa Gray 1866 [synonym]
Subfm. Steninae Fraser and Purves 1960
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Invalid names: Sotaliinae Kasuya 1973 [invalid subgroup]
G. Steno Gray 1846
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Steno bredanensis Lesson 1828 [rough-toothed dolphin]
+
Invalid names: Delphinus (Steno) perspicillatus Peters 1877 [synonym], Delphinus chamissonis Wiegmann 1841 [synonym], Delphinus compressus Gray 1846 [synonym], Delphinus oxyrhynchus Gray 1850 [synonym], Delphinus perspicillatus Peters 1876 [synonym], Delphinus planiceps Van Breda 1829 [synonym], Delphinus reinwardtii Schlegel 1841 [synonym], Sotalia santonicus Lesson 1841 [synonym], Steno fuscus Gray 1846 [synonym], Steno perspicillatus True 1889 [synonym]
Invalid names: Delphinorhynchus santonicus Lesson 1828 [nomen dubium], Glyphidelphis Gervais 1859 [synonym], Stenopontistes Miranda-Ribeiro 1936 [synonym]
Invalid names: Catodontina Bonaparte 1849 [empty], Cephalorhynchinae Fraser and Purves 1960 [synonym], Delphinus malayanus Lesson 1826 [nomen nudum], Grampidelphidae Nishiwaki 1963 [synonym], Hemisyntrachelidae Slijper 1936 [synonym], Holodontidae Brandt 1873 [synonym], Lagenorhynchina Gray 1868 [empty], Monoceratina Gray 1846 [empty], Orcaellinae Nishiwaki 1963 [empty], Orcina Bonaparte 1849 [empty], Steno cudmorei Chapman 1917 [nomen dubium], Stenonina Gray 1868 [empty], Stenoninae Fraser and Purves 1960 [empty], Trispondylus Vanden Broeck 1874 [nomen dubium], Tursiops miocaenus Portis 1886 [nomen dubium]
Fm. Monodontidae Gray 1821
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G. †Bohaskaia Velez-Juarbe and Pyenson 2012
+
†Bohaskaia monodontoides Velez-Juarbe and Pyenson 2012
G. †Casatia Bianucci et al. 2019
+
†Casatia thermophila Bianucci et al. 2019
Subfm. Delphinapterinae Gill 1871
+
Invalid names: Beluginae Flower 1867 [synonym], Delphinapteridae Weber 1904 [synonym]
G. Delphinapterus Lacépède 1804 [beluga]
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Delphinapterus leucas Pallas 1776 [beluga whale]
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Invalid names: Beluga angustata Cope 1866 [synonym], Beluga borealis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Beluga catodon Gray 1846 [synonym], Beluga concreta Cope 1865 [synonym], Beluga declivis Cope 1865 [synonym], Beluga glacialis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Beluga kingii Gray 1827 [synonym], Beluga rhinodon Cope 1865 [synonym], Catodon albicans Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Catodon canadensis Lesson 1828 [synonym], Cetus albicans Brisson 1762 [synonym], Delphinapterus beluga Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Delphinapterus concreta Cope 1865 [synonym], Delphinapterus dorofeevi Klumov and Barabash 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus freimani Klumov 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus marisalbi Ostroumov 1935 [synonym], Delphinapterus vermontanus Thompson 1850 [synonym], Delphinus albians Muller 1776 [synonym], Inia canadensis Desmarest 1822 [synonym]
Invalid names: Agrocetus Gloger 1842 [synonym], Argocetus Gloger 1842 [synonym], Beluga Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Catodon sibbaldi Fleming 1828 [nomen dubium], Delphinaptera Bowdich 1821 [synonym], Delphinapterus senedetta Lacépède 1804 [nomen dubium], Delphis Wagler 1830 [synonym]
G. †Denebola Barnes 1984
+
†Denebola brachycephala Barnes 1984
G. †Haborodelphis Ichishima et al. 2019
+
†Haborodelphis japonicus Ichishima et al. 2019
G. Monodon Linnaeus 1758 [narwhal]
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Monodon monoceros Linnaeus 1758 [narhwal]
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Invalid names: Ceratodon monodon Pallas 1811 [synonym], Ceratodontis ceratodon Brisson 1762 [synonym], Monodon narhval Borowski 1781 [synonym], Monodon narhwal Blumenbach 1779 [synonym], Narwalus andersonianus Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Narwalus microcephalus Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Narwalus vulgaris Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Tachynices megacephalus Brookes 1828 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ceratodon Brisson 1762 [synonym], Ceratodontis Brisson 1762 [synonym], Delphinus anarnacus Desmarest 1822 [nomen dubium], Diodon Storr 1780 [synonym], Monodon spurius Fabricius 1780 [nomen dubium], Narvalus Fischer 1814 [synonym], Narwalus Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Narwhalus Dumeril 1806 [synonym], Tachynices Brookes 1828 [synonym]
Subfm. Monodontinae Miller 1923
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Invalid names: Monodontina Bonaparte 1849 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Odobenocetopsidae Muizon 1993
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G. †Odobenocetops Muizon 1993
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†Odobenocetops leptodon Muizon et al. 1999
†Odobenocetops peruvianus Muizon 1993
G. †Palaeophocaena Abel 1905
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Fm. Phocoenidae Gray 1825 [porpoise]
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G. †Archaeophocaena Murakami et al. 2012
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†Archaeophocaena teshioensis Murakami et al. 2012
G. †Australithax Muizon 1988
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†Australithax intermedia Muizon 1988
G. †Brabocetus Colpaert et al. 2015
+
†Brabocetus gigaseorum Colpaert et al. 2015
G. †Haborophocoena Ichishima and Kimura 2005
+
†Haborophocoena minutus Ichishima and Kimura 2009
†Haborophocoena toyoshimai Ichishima and Kimura 2005
G. †Lomacetus Muizon 1986
+
†Lomacetus ginsburgi Muizon 1986
G. †Loxolithax Kellogg 1931
+
†Loxolithax sinuosa Kellogg 1931
G. †Miophocaena Murakami et al. 2012
+
†Miophocaena nishinoi Murakami et al. 2012
G. Neophocaena Palmer 1899
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Neophocaena asiaeorientalis Pilleri and Gihr 1972
Neophocaena phocaenoides Cuvier 1829 [finless porpoise]
+
Invalid names: Delphinapterus molagan Owen 1866 [synonym], Delphinus melas Temminck 1841 [synonym], Neomeris kurrachiensis Murray 1884 [synonym]
Neophocaena sunameri Piller and Gihr 1975
Invalid names: Meomeris Gray 1847 [synonym], Neomeris Gray 1846 [synonym]
G. †Numataphocoena Ichishima and Kimura 2000
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†Numataphocoena yamashitai Ichishima and Kimura 2000
G. Phocoena Cuvier 1816
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Phocoena dioptrica Lahille 1912 [spectacled porpoise]
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Invalid names: Phocaena stornii Marelli 1922 [synonym]
Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus 1758 [harbor porpoise]
+
Invalid names: Delphinus ventricosus Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Phocaena americana Allen 1869 [synonym], Phocaena brachycium Cope 1865 [synonym], Phocaena communis Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Phocaena fuscus Kerr 1792 [synonym], Phocaena lineata Cope 1876 [synonym], Phocaena relicta Abel 1905 [synonym], Phocaena tuberculifera Gray 1865 [synonym], Phocaena vomerina Gill 1865 [synonym], Phocoena rondeletii Giglioli 1879 [synonym]
Phocoena sinus Norris and McFarland 1958 [Gulf of California Harbor Porpoise]
Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeister 1865
+
Invalid names: Phocaena philippii Philippi 1893 [synonym]
Invalid names: Acanthodelphis Gray 1866 [synonym], Australophocoena Barnes 1985 [synonym]
Subfm. Phocoeninae Gray 1825
+
Invalid names: Leucodelphini Brandt 1873 [empty]
G. Phocoenoides Andrews 1911
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Phocoenoides dalli True 1885 [Dall's porpoise]
+
Invalid names: Phocoenoides truei Andrews 1911 [synonym]
G. †Piscolithax Muizon 1983
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†Piscolithax boreios Barnes 1984
†Piscolithax longirostris Muizon 1983
†Piscolithax tedfordi Barnes 1984
G. †Pterophocaena Murakami et al. 2012
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†Pterophocaena nishinoi Murakami et al. 2012
G. †Salumiphocaena Barnes 1985
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†Salumiphocaena stocktoni Wilson 1973
G. †Semirostrum Racicot et al. 2014
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†Semirostrum ceruttii Racicot et al. 2014
G. †Septemtriocetus Lambert 2008
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Invalid names: Phocoenoidinae Barnes 1984 [empty]
G. †Protodelphinus Dal Piaz 1916
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†Protodelphinus capellinii Dal Piaz 1916
G. †Sinanodelphis Makiyama 1936
+
†Sinanodelphis izumidaensis Makiyama 1936
Invalid names: Eurhinodelphis pacificus Matsumoto 1926 [nomen dubium], Prionodelphis Frenguelli 1922 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatitesubo
Form: roller-shapedo
Ontogeny: modification of partso
Environment: marine, freshwatersubo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: aquatico
Depth habitat: surfaceo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: viviparoussubo
Created: 2005-03-06 14:21:39
Modified: 2005-09-22 15:42:08
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
Reference: Uhen 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Waitakian to the top of the Holocene or 25.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma

Collections (633 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan (Aktyubinsk) Delphinoidea indet. (175920)
Waitakian25.2 - 21.7New Zealand Delphinoidea indet. (74593)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Italy Protodelphinus capellinii, Delphinus taramelli (47623)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Slovakia Delphinidae indet. (47461)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Germany Delphinidae indet. (70360)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Japan (Mie) Delphinoidea indet. (55911)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333France (Vaucluse) Delphinus brevidens (157705)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Ukraine Delphinus sp. (183532 183536)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Japan (Hokkaido) Delphinidae indet. (53882)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333France Delphinus brevidens, Delphinus rissoanus (48071)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Italy Protodelphinus capellinii (47186)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Spain (Glacia) Globicephalinae indet. (80694)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Italy Tursiops cortesii (53930)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Madagascar Delphinus sp., Grampus griseus, Stenella sp. (55451)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Australia (South Australia) Delphinus sp., Globiocephalus sp. (99623)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Taiwan (Miao-li) Delphinidae indet. (76845)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58USA (California) Delphinidae indet. (99614)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Ukraine Delphinidae indet. (80237)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Germany Beluga fockii (84946)
Neogene23.03 - 2.58Romania Delphinus sp. (80382)