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Kogiidae (pygmy sperm whale)

Mammalia - Cetacea - Kogiidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1923Kogiidae Miller p. 33
1928Kogiidae Kellogg p. 34 figs. Table 1
1973Kogiidae Kasuya p. 61
1985Kogiidae Barnes et al. p. 26
1990Kogiidae Muizon p. 297
1991Kogiidae Vidal p. 5
1994Kogiidae Fordyce and Barnes p. 428 figs. Table 1
1995Kogiidae Fordyce et al. p. 379
1998Kogiidae Rice
1999Kogiidae Bianucci and Landini p. 445
2001Kogiidae Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179
2002Kogiidae Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1
2005Kogiidae Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1
2007Kogiidae Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1
2008Kogiidae Bloodworth and Odell p. 1
2008Kogiidae Lambert
2008Kogiidae Uhen et al. p. 573
2008Kogiidae Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 230
2009Kogiidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1
2010Kogiidae Canto et al. p. 20
2010Kogiidae Lambert et al. p. 107 figs. Fig. 2
2011Kogiidae Bianucci et al. p. 560
2011Kogiidae Geisler et al. p. 5 figs. Table 1
2014Kogiidae Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce p. 195
2015Kogiidae Velez-Juarbe et al. p. 5
2016Kogiidae Marx et al. p. 123
2016Kogiidae Velez-Juarbe et al. pp. e1135806-2
2017Kogiidae Berta p. 161
2017Kogiidae Collareta et al. p. 261
2019Kogiidae Collareta et al. p. 611
2020Kogiidae Benites-Palomino et al. p. 3
2021Kogiidae Benites-Palomino et al.
2023Kogiidae Benites-Palomino et al. p. 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
Whippomorpha
orderCetacea
Pelagiceti
Neoceti
suborderOdontoceti
superfamilyPhyseteroidea
familyKogiidae
familyKogiidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Kogiidae Miller 1923 [pygmy sperm whale]
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G. †Aprixokogia Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008
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Aprixokogia kelloggi Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008
Subfm. Kogiinae Gill 1871
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G. Kogia Gray 1846
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Kogia breviceps Blainville 1838 [pygmy sperm whale]
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Invalid names: Euphysetes grayii MacLeay 1851 [synonym], Euphysetes pottsii Haast 1873 [synonym], Kogia brevirostris Gray 1865 [invalid subgroup], Kogia floweri Gill 1871 [synonym], Kogia goodie True 1884 [synonym], Kogia macleayii Kreft 1865 [synonym]
Kogia danomurai Benites-Palomino et al. 2021
Kogia pusilla Pilleri 1987
Kogia sima Owen 1866 [dwarf sperm whale]
Invalid names: Callignathus Gill 1871 [synonym], Cogia Gray 1846 [synonym], Euphysetes Wall 1851 [synonym]
G. †Koristocetus Collareta et al. 2017
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Koristocetus pescei Collareta et al. 2017
G. †Nanokogia Velez-Juarbe et al. 2015
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Nanokogia isthmia Velez-Juarbe et al. 2015
G. †Pliokogia Collareta et al. 2019
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Pliokogia apenninica Collareta et al. 2019
G. †Praekogia Barnes 1973
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Praekogia cedrosensis Barnes 1973
Subfm. †Scaphokogiinae Muizon 1988
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G. †Platyscaphokogia Collareta et al. 2020
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Platyscaphokogia landinii Collareta et al. 2020
G. †Scaphokogia Muizon 1988
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Scaphokogia cochlearis Muizon 1988
Scaphokogia totajpe Benites-Palomino et al. 2020
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
M. D. Uhen et al. 2008Kogiids differ from Physeter and stem-physeterids in, for example, body size, body form (shark-like profile in Kogia spp.), and different arrangement of soft tissues associated with the nasofacial muscles (see e.g. Heyning 1989a, Cranford et al. 1996, Cranford 1999, Clarke 2003). Diagnostic bony features for living Kogia (for crown-Kogiidae) include: massive maxillary walls that laterally bound the melon and lie lateral to antorbital notches; facial sagittal crest formed by both premaxillae, orbit shifted posteroventrally; a blunt and squared anterior end of the atrophied zygomatic process of the squamosal; a flat plate-like posterior process on the periotic; and an inflated posterior process of the tympanic bulla (see e.g. Muizon 1991, Luo and Marsh 1996, Bianucci and Landini 1999, Kazar 2002). Rostral shape is variable in the kogiid lineage, as indicated by the long rostrum in the fossil Scaphokogia Muizon 1988. Some of the characters of the living species in the genus Kogia are paedomorphic (see Raven and Gregory, 1933).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatitesubo
Form: roller-shapedo
Ontogeny: modification of partso
Environment: marine, freshwatersubo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: aquatico
Depth habitat: surfaceo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: viviparoussubo
Created: 2005-03-06 14:21:39
Modified: 2005-09-22 15:42:08
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
Reference: Uhen 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Langhian to the top of the Holocene or 15.97000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 13.82 Ma

Collections (54 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Neogene23.03 - 2.588South Pacific Kogia sp. (99587)
Neogene23.03 - 2.588Madagascar Kogia sp. (55451)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Japan (Iwate) Kogiidae indet. (76005)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Italy Kogiinae indet. (48656)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (California) Kogiidae indet. (13300)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama (Colon) Nanokogia isthmia (144795 168820)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Malta Kogiidae indet. (121981)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Peru (Arequipa) Scaphokogia cochlearis, Koristocetus pescei (45485)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Peru Kogiidae indet., Kogia danomurai (46083)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333New Zealand Kogia sp. (87865)
Tortonian - Messinian11.62 - 5.333Chile Kogiidae indet. (114474)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Chile (Atacama) Kogiidae indet. (80365)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Kogiidae indet. (18532 45478 60036)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Panama (Colon) Scaphokogiinae indet. (230673)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Peru Scaphokogia sp. (13079)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Mexico (Baja California) Praekogia cedrosensis (13090 45460)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Peru (Caraveli) Scaphokogia totajpe (46084)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Peru (Ica) Platyscaphokogia landinii (78517 78518)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Japan (Ibaraki) Kogia prisca (76013)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Kogiidae indet. (45474 154720)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Australia (Victoria) Kogiidae indet. (51328)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Kogiinae indet., Kogiidae indet., Kogia breviceps, Aprixokogia kelloggi (52582)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Italy Pliokogia apenninica (206310)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Mexico (Baja California Sur) Scaphokogia sp., Kogia sp. (57779)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Morocco Kogia sp. (32052)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Italy Kogia breviceps, Kogia simus, Dioplodon sp. (47428)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Italy (Tuscany) Hyperoodon pusillus (48652)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.126 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Kogiidae indet. (188304)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Peru Kogia breviceps (168350)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Japan Kogia breviceps (168348)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Mexico (Baja California) Kogia sp. (201786)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0India (Andhra Pradesh) Physeter simus (86882)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Maine) Kogia breviceps (168342)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom Kogia breviceps (168341)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Zealand Kogia breviceps (168347)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Kogia breviceps (168344 168345) Physeter breviceps (86897)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Mexico Kogia breviceps (168349)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0India Kogia breviceps (168346)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil Kogia breviceps (168343)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Caledonia Kogia breviceps (83457 83460 83476 83478) Kogia breviceps, Kogia sima (83477) Kogia sima (83479 83480)