PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Bouromeryx americanus

Mammalia - Palaeomerycidae

Taxonomy

Palaeomeryx americanus was named by Douglass (1899). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Dromomeryx americanus by Douglass (1909); it was recombined as Barbouromeryx americanus by Frick (1937); it was recombined as Rakomeryx americanus by Shotwell (1968); it was recombined as Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990), Tabrum and Nichols (2001), Prothero and Liter (2007) and Prothero and Liter (2008).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

B. nebrascensis

Synonyms

Barbouromeryx milleri was named by Frick (1937) [subgenus Bouromeryx]. Its type locality is Aphelops Draw (Sheep Creek), which is in a Hemingfordian terrestrial horizon in the Sheep Creek Formation of Nebraska.

It was recombined as Bouromeryx milleri by Skinner et al. (1977), Voorhies (1990) and Janis and Manning (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).
Barbouromeryx nebrascensis was named by Frick (1937) [subgenus Bouromeryx].

It was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx parvus by Skinner et al. (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990) and Janis and Manning (1998).
Barbouromeryx pawniensis was named by Frick (1937) [subgenus Bouromeryx].

It was recombined as Bouromeryx pawniensis by Skinner et al. (1977), Voorhies (1990) and Janis and Manning (1998); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).
Barbouromeryx pseudonebrascensis was named by Frick (1937) [subgenus Bouromeryx].

It was recombined as Bouromeryx pseudonebrascensis by Skinner et al. (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990), Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).
Barbouromeryx supernebrascensis was named by Frick (1937) [subgenus Bouromeryx]. Its type locality is Observation Quarry, which is in a Barstovian terrestrial horizon in Nebraska.

It was recombined as Bouromeryx supernebrascensis by Skinner et al. (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990), Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).
Dromomeryx parvus was named by Cook (1922). Its type locality is Wray, which is in a Hemphillian terrestrial horizon in Colorado.

It was recombined as Bouromeryx parvus by Frick (1937) and Skinner et al. (1977); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990), Janis and Manning (1998), Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).
Palaeomeryx madisonius was named by Douglass (1899). It is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Dromomeryx madisonius by Douglass (1909); it was recombined as Barbouromeryx madisonius by Frick (1937); it was synonymized subjectively with Dromomeryx americanus by McGrew (1938); it was recombined as Bouromeryx madisonius by Janis and Manning (1998) and Tabrum and Nichols (2001); it was synonymized subjectively with Bouromeryx americanus by Voorhies (1990), Liter and Prothero (2003) and Prothero and Liter (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Palaeomeryx americanus Douglass p. 20 figs. Plate 4, figures 2 and 3
1899	Palaeomeryx madisonius Douglass p. 23
1902	Palaeomeryx americanus Hay p. 682
1902	Palaeomeryx madisonius Hay p. 682
1904	Palaeomeryx americanus Matthew p. 104
1904	Palaeomeryx madisonius Matthew p. 104
1909	Dromomeryx americanus Douglass
1909	Dromomeryx madisonius Douglass
1922	Dromomeryx parvus Cook
1937	Barbouromeryx americanus Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx madisonius Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx milleri Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx nebrascensis Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx pawniensis Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx pseudonebrascensis Frick
1937	Barbouromeryx supernebrascensis Frick
1937	Bouromeryx parvus Frick
1968	Rakomeryx americanus Shotwell
1977	Bouromeryx milleri Skinner et al.
1977	Bouromeryx parvus Skinner et al.
1977	Bouromeryx pawniensis Skinner et al.
1977	Bouromeryx pseudonebrascensis Skinner et al.
1977	Bouromeryx supernebrascensis Skinner et al.
1990	Bouromeryx americanus Voorhies
1990	Bouromeryx milleri Voorhies
1990	Bouromeryx pawniensis Voorhies
1998	Bouromeryx madisonius Janis and Manning
1998	Bouromeryx milleri Janis and Manning
1998	Bouromeryx pawniensis Janis and Manning
2001	Bouromeryx americanus Tabrum and Nichols
2001	Bouromeryx madisonius Tabrum and Nichols
2007	Bouromeryx americanus Prothero and Liter p. 247
2008	Bouromeryx americanus Prothero and Liter

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
—	Ruminantiamorpha
—	Ruminantia	(Scopoli 1777)
—	Pecora	()
superfamily	Cervoidea
family	Palaeomerycidae	Lydekker 1883
subfamily	Dromomerycinae	(Frick 1937)
tribe	Cranioceratini	Frick 1937
genus	Bouromeryx
species	americanus	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Bouromeryx americanus Douglass 1899

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Invalid names: Barbouromeryx nebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx milleri Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx pawniensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx pseudonebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx supernebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Dromomeryx parvus Cook 1922 [synonym], Palaeomeryx madisonius Douglass 1899 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
D. R. Prothero and M. R. Liter 2008	Larger species of Bouromeryx (Table 1).

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:50:18

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:50:18

Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Janis and Manning 1998

Age range: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Miocene or 16.30000 to 5.33300 Ma

Collections (22 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Miocene	23.03 - 5.333	USA (California)	Bouromeryx americanus (19426) Bouromeryx milleri (19258)
Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	USA (Nevada)	Bouromeryx milleri (18960 18961 18962)
Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	USA (Nebraska)	Bouromeryx milleri (17871 17920 17952 17961 17990)
Hemingfordian	20.43 - 15.97	Canada (Saskatchewan)	Bouromeryx americanus (18003)
Hemingfordian - Barstovian	20.43 - 12.5	USA (California)	Bouromeryx milleri (19255 19319)
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (California)	Bouromeryx americanus (160741 160742) Bouromeryx milleri (19542)
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Oregon)	Rakomeryx americanus (19017)
Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Nebraska)	Bouromeryx americanus (18284)
Early/Lower Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Florida)	Bouromeryx parvus (18549)
Early/Lower Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Nebraska)	Bouromeryx supernebrascensis (17976)
Langhian	15.97 - 13.82	USA (California)	Bouromeryx americanus (59059)
Hemphillian	10.3 - 4.9	USA (Colorado)	Dromomeryx parvus (18495)