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Megalonyx
Taxonomy
Megalonyx was named by Harlan (1825). It is not extant. Its type is Megatherium jeffersonii. It is the type genus of Megalonychinae.
It was assigned to Bradypidae by Gray (1825); to Rodimorpha by Cope (1889); to Megatheriidae by Hay (1902); to Megalonychidae by Harlan (1825), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Carroll (1988), Gaudin (1995), Cisneros (2005), Pujos et al. (2007), McDonald and Naples (2007) and Albright et al. (2019); and to Megalonychinae by Hay (1930) and Varela et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Bradypidae by Gray (1825); to Rodimorpha by Cope (1889); to Megatheriidae by Hay (1902); to Megalonychidae by Harlan (1825), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Carroll (1988), Gaudin (1995), Cisneros (2005), Pujos et al. (2007), McDonald and Naples (2007) and Albright et al. (2019); and to Megalonychinae by Hay (1930) and Varela et al. (2019).
Species
M. curvidens, M. cuvieri, M. dissimilis, M. gigas, M. gracilis, M. jeffersonii (syn. M. hogani, M. laqueatus, M. brachycephalus, M. californicus, M. milleri), M. leidyi, M. leptostomus (syn. M. rohrmani), M. loxodon, M. mathisi, M. obtusidens, M. scalper, M. sierrensis, M. tortulus, M. validus, M. wheatleyi (syn. M. sphenodon)
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1825 | Megalonyx Gray p. 343 |
1825 | Megalonyx Harlan |
1889 | Megalonyx Cope p. 660 |
1893 | Megalonyx gracilis Lund p. 219 |
1902 | Megalonyx Hay p. 577 |
1930 | Megalonyx Hay p. 407 |
1980 | Megalonyx Kurten and Anderson p. 136 |
1981 | Megalonyx Thurmond and Jones p. 178 |
1988 | Megalonyx Carroll |
1995 | Megalonyx Gaudin |
2005 | Megalonyx Cisneros p. 245 |
2007 | Megalonyx McDonald and Naples p. 154 |
2007 | Megalonyx Pujos et al. |
2019 | Megalonyx Albright et al. p. 153 |
2019 | Megalonyx Varela et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Megalonyx Harlan 1825
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†Megalonyx curvidens Matthew 1924
†Megalonyx cuvieri Lund 1839
†Megalonyx dissimilis Leidy 1855
†Megalonyx gigas Marsh 1874
†Megalonyx jeffersonii Desmarest 1822 [Jefferson's ground sloth]
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Invalid names: Megalonyx brachycephalus Sellards 1941 [synonym], Megalonyx californicus Stock 1913 [synonym], Megalonyx hogani Stovall 1940 [synonym], Megalonyx laqueatus Harlan 1831 [synonym], Megalonyx milleri Lyon 1938 [synonym]
†Megalonyx leidyi Lindahl 1892
†Megalonyx loxodon Cope 1871
†Megalonyx mathisi Hirschfeld and Webb 1968
†Megalonyx obtusidens Webb and Perrigo 1985
†Megalonyx scalper Cope 1899
†Megalonyx sierrensis Sinclair 1905 [sloth]
†Megalonyx tortulus Cope 1871
†Megalonyx validus Leidy 1868
Invalid names: Megalonyx gracilis Lund 1893 [nomen nudum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range: base of the Hemphillian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 10.30000 to 0.01200 Ma
Collections (162 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Hemphillian | Mexico (Nayarit) | M. sp. (212338) | |
Hemphillian | USA (Oklahoma) | Megalonychidae indet. (18304) | |
Hemphillian | Mexico (Hidalgo) | M. sp. (18746) | |
Hemphillian | USA (Oregon) | Megalonychidae indet. (19015) M. sp. (19116) | |
Hemphillian | USA (California) | Megalonychidae indet. (19479) M. mathisi (19187) | |
Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | M. curvidens (18033 18201 18323 18441 18499) M. sp. (18043 18225) | |
Hemphillian | Mexico (Jalisco) | M. sp. (189788 189790) | |
Hemphillian | Mexico (Guanajuato) | M. sp. (18718 175257) | |
Late/Upper Hemphillian | USA (Texas) | M. sp. (18036) | |
Late/Upper Hemphillian | USA (Nebraska) | M. curvidens (18126 18247 18359) | |
Late/Upper Hemphillian | Mexico (Guanajuato) | M. sp. (18737) | |
Blancan | USA (Nevada) | M. leptostomus (20009) | |
Blancan | USA (Texas) | M. leptostomus (20022 20023 20033) M. sp. (20034 20038 20052) | |
Blancan | USA (Washington) | M. leptostomus (20062) M. rohrmanni (20063) | |
Blancan | El Salvador | M. sp. (70118) | |
Blancan | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | M. sp. (20075) | |
Blancan | USA (California) | M. sp. (19667 20112 20115 20118 20121) Xenarthra indet. (19714) | |
Blancan | USA (Idaho) | M. leptonyx (19808) M. leptostomus (19911 19913) | |
Blancan | Mexico (Hidalgo) | M. sp. (20079) | |
Blancan | USA (Florida) | M. leptostomus (19753 19754 19764) | |
Blancan | USA (Arizona) | M. sp. (19653 19656 19657 19658) | |
Blancan | USA (New Mexico) | M. leptostomus (19655 19968) | |
Blancan | USA (Nebraska) | M. leptostomus (19959) M. sp. (19954 19955) | |
Blancan | Mexico (Sonora) | M. wheatleyi (20322) | |
Blancan | USA (Kansas) | M. leptostomus (19942) M. sp. (19932 19936 19939) | |
Blancan - Irvingtonian | USA (New Mexico) | M. wheatleyi (20397) | |
Blancan - Irvingtonian | USA (South Dakota) | M. leptostomus (20020) | |
Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Texas) | M. sp. (191451) | |
Piacenzian | USA (California) | M. sp. (19703) | |
Gelasian | USA (Florida) | M. leptostomus (20384) M. sp. (19758) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Arizona) | M. jeffersonii (85145) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | M. leptostomus (206955) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | M. leptostomus (19750 98313) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Middle Pleistocene | El Salvador | M. obtusidens (20152) | |
Pleistocene | USA (Illinois) | M. jeffersonii (87059) | |
Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | M. jeffersoni (227368) | |
Pleistocene | USA (Mississippi) | M. jeffersoni (161954) M. sp. (161194) | |
Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | M. jeffersonii (65405) | |
Pleistocene | USA (Texas) | Megalonychidae indet. (207423) M. sp. (85140 207541) | |
Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | M. sp. (65469) | |
Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | M. jeffersonii (108095) | |
Pleistocene | USA (Tennessee) | M. jeffersonii (93373) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (South Carolina) | M. sp., M. jeffersonii (79919) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Pennsylvania) | M. wheatleyi (20479) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Alabama) | M. jeffersonii (20281) | |
Irvingtonian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | M. sp. (20563) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Kansas) | M. leidyi (20353) M. sp. (20291 20301) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Montana) | M. jeffersonii (20310) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Iowa) | M. jeffersonii (20556) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (California) | M. sp. (20125 20130 20155 20161 20272 20319 20327 20387) M. sp., M. wheatleyi (20128) M. wheatleyi (20187) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (South Dakota) | M. wheatleyi (20158) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Maryland) | M. sp. (20302) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | M. leptostomus (20308) M. sp. (26550) M. wheatleyi (20299 20350 20415 20475) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (Oklahoma) | M. jeffersonii (20382) | |
Irvingtonian - Rancholabrean | USA (California) | M. sp. (20323) | |
Middle Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | M. jeffersonii (79767 79768) | |
Middle Pleistocene | USA (California) | M. sp., Megalonychidae indet. (20639) | |
Middle Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | M. jeffersonii (104662) | |
Middle Pleistocene | USA (Nebraska) | M. sp. (34382) | |
Rancholabrean (glacial) | USA (California) | M. jeffersonii (20624) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (Texas) | M. jeffersonii (225289) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (South Carolina) | M. jeffersonii (79757 79760) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | M. sp. (20491) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Guatemala (El Petén) | M. sp. (189383) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (North Dakota) | M. jeffersonii (93268) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Illinois) | M. jeffersonii (93209) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Missouri) | M. jeffersoni (93379) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Texas) | M. brachycephalus (93103) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | M. jeffersonii (103358 104678) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | M. jeffersonii, M. wheatleyi (74292) M. sp. (74294) M. wheatleyi (20638) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (California) | M. jeffersonii (155393) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Illinois) | M. jeffersonii (93486) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Idaho) | M. jeffersonii (20569 20612) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Arkansas) | M. jeffersoni (216259) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (California) | M. jeffersonii (20574) M. sp. (20585 20609) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Kansas) | M. jeffersonii (83073) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Georgia) | Megalonyx indet. (13066) M. sp. (84189) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Northwest Territories) | M. jeffersonii (20610) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Yukon) | M. jeffersonii (20626) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Alabama) | M. jeffersonii (20584) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Utah) | M. jeffersonii (93266) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | M. sp., M. jeffersonii (93332) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | M. jeffersoni (152904) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Ohio) | M. jeffersonii (93208) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Canada (Alberta) | M. sp. (20615) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | M. sp. (20573) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | M. sp. (20273 73752 74235 93250 155409) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Honduras | M. sp. (190753) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Texas) | M. jeffersonii (230753) M. sp. (85142) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Guatemala (Peten) | M. sp. (71312) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Missouri) | M. jeffersonii (63563) |