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Zygolophodon

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1877Mastodon (Zygolophodon) Vacek p. 45
1922Miomastodon Osborn
1926Turicius Osborn p. 3
1980Zygolophodon Madden p. 59
1988Miomastodon Carroll
1988Zygolophodon Carroll
1996Zygolophodon Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1997Zygolophodon McKenna and Bell p. 499
1998Zygolophodon Lambert and Shoshani p. 610
2002Zygolophodon Sanders and Miller p. 397
2005Zygolophodon Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2010Zygolophodon Sanders et al. p. 187
2023Zygolophodon Zhang et al. p. 144
2023Miomastodon Zhang et al. p. 147

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
Tethytheria
orderProboscidea()
suborderElephantiformesTassy 1988
ElephantimorphaTassy and Shoshani 1997
MammutidaTassy and Shoshani 1997
familyMammutidaeHay 1922
genusZygolophodon(Vacek 1877)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Zygolophodon Vacek 1877
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Zygolophodon aegyptensis Sanders and Miller 2002
Zygolophodon morotoensis Pickford and Tassy 1980
Zygolophodon tapiroides Cuvier 1824
Zygolophodon turicensis Schintz 1824
Invalid names: Miomastodon Osborn 1922 [synonym], Turicius Osborn 1926 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:15:52
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:15:52
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Lambert and Shoshani 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Chattian to the top of the MN 16 or 28.10000 to 2.58800 Ma

Collections (90 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Kenya Z. sp. (27855)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Uganda Eozygodon morotoensis (28293)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Namibia Eozygodon morotoensis (70420 195404)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Xinjiang) Miomastodon tongxinensis (230347)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Nevada) Miomastodon sp. (18922)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Z. turicensis (197463)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Nei Mongol) Z. turicensis (230291)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333China (Shaanxi) Z. turicensis (230346)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Russian Federation Mastodon tapiroides (75805)
Neogene23.03 - 2.588Ukraine Mastodon tapiroides (184130)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Portugal (Lisbon) Z. pyrenaicus (36619 36628 36633)
Burdigalian - Tortonian20.44 - 7.246France Z. turicensis (187580)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nevada) Z. sp. (18961)
MN 416.9 - 15.97Pakistan (Balochistan) Z. metachinjiensis (69540)
MN 416.9 - 15.97Egypt Z. aegyptensis (53970)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Bavaria) Z. turicensis (34615)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82France Z. turicensis (148395)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Pakistan (Sind) Z. sp. (71444)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82France (Maine-et-Loire) Z. turicensis (148396)
MN 515.97 - 13.65France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Z. turicensis (32071 32072)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Colorado) Miomastodon sp. (18203)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Nevada) Miomastodon merriami (19103)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6Canada (Saskatchewan) Z. proavus (18794 18799)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (California) Miomastodon sp. (19542 160739 160742) Z. proavus (231901)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Nebraska) Z. sp. (18192 18250 18275 18284 18442)
Early/Lower Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Colorado) Miomastodon proavus, Z. proavus (231902)
Early/Lower Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Montana) Z. proavus (231898)
early Late Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Florida) Z. proavus (231900)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees) Turicius turicensis (32191)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Kenya Z. sp. (22303)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Z. pyrenaicus (32078)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62India (Gujarat) Z. sp. (203629)
Middle Miocene - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62China (Hubei) Z. neimonguensis, Z. turicensis (42248)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Spain (Madrid) Z. turiciensis (197673)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608China (Nei Mongol) Z. turicensis (230292 230293)
Langhian - Tortonian15.97 - 7.246France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Z. turicensis (31776)
Langhian - Tortonian15.97 - 7.246France (Maine-et-Loire) Z. turicensis (142149)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333China (Nei Mongol) Mastodontidae indet. (28781)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Ukraine (Dnepropetrovsk) Z. tapiroides (60263)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Pakistan (Sind) Z. sp. (71447)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Slovakia (Bratislava) Z. luricensis, Z. turicensis (58983)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Moldova (Chișinău) Z. turicensis (210536)
MN 613.65 - 12.75Slovakia (Bratislava) Z. turicensis (69711)
MN 6 - MN 7 + 813.65 - 11.1Slovakia Z. turicensis (69712)
Clarendonian13.6 - 10.3USA (oregon) Z. proavus (231897)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Slovakia Z. turicensis (69715)
Sarmatian12.7 - 11.608Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia) Mastodon tapiroides (39678 39712)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Russian Federation Mastodon tapiroides (75806)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246China (Yunnan) Z. lufengensis (11798)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Moldova Mastodon turicensis (75802 75803)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Ukraine (Odessa) Mastodon turicensis (75794)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Catalonia) Turicius turicensis (176268)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Ukraine Mastodon tapiroides (75809 75852)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Algeria (Oran) Turicius sp. (136913)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Greece (Aegean) Mastodon turicensis (202120)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Turkey Z. turicensis (214688)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Algeria Z. turicensis (34642)
Baodean11.1 - 4.9China (Yunnan) Z. sp. (183982)
MN 127.75 - 7.246Ukraine (Odessa) Z. turicensis (167995)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Bulgaria Z. borsoni (215636)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Kazakhstan Mastodon tapiroides (76289)
Ruscinian5.333 - 3.2China (Hebei) Z. sp. (42478)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588China (Shanxi) Z. sp. (42559)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Romania Z. borsoni (39681 39685 40113 40114 40123 41919)
MN 144.9 - 4.2Ukraine Z. borsoni (50913)
MN 14 - MN 154.9 - 3.2Ukraine Z. borsoni (50914)
MN 154.2 - 3.2Moldova Z. borsoni (50942)
MN 163.2 - 2.588France Z. borsoni (47099 47100)