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Hyracodontidae

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1879Hyracodontidae Cope
1881Hyracodontidae Cope p. 393
1889Hyracodontidae Cope p. 876
1902Hyracodontidae Hay p. 638
1908Hyracodontidae Lambe
1913Hyracodontidae Scott p. 291
1919Hyracodontidae Peterson p. 127
1966Hyracodontidae Radinsky p. 631
1969Hyracodontidae Ferrusquia-Villafranca
1988Hyracodontidae Carroll
1989Hyracodontidae Prothero and Schoch p. 534
1996Hyracodontidae Dashzeveg p. 3
1999Hyracodontidae Holbrook p. 346
2016Hyracodontidae Wang et al.
2017Hyracodontidae Bai and Wang
2020Hyracodontidae Lofgren et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
—Tapiromorpha(Haeckel 1873)
—Ceratomorpha(Wood 1937)
superfamilyRhinocerotoidea
familyHyracodontidaeCope 1879
familyHyracodontidaeCope 1879

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Hyracodontidae Cope 1879
show all | hide all
Subfm. †Alloceropinae Wood 1932
+
G. †Armania Gabunia and Dashzeveg 1988
+
†Armania asiana Gabunia and Dashzeveg 1988
G. †Tenisia Reshetov et al. 1993
+
†Tenisia turgaica Borissiak 1915
G. †Ardynia Matthew and Granger 1923
+
†Ardynia altidentata Qiu et al. 2004
†Ardynia kazachstanensis Beliajeva 1952
†Ardynia mongoliensis Belyaeva 1952
+
Invalid names: Parahyracodon kazachstanensis Belyaeva 1952 [synonym]
†Ardynia ordosensis Bai et al. 2018
†Ardynia praecox Matthew and Granger 1923
Invalid names: Ardynia plicidentata Gabunia 1964 [nomen dubium]
G. †Epitriplopus Wood 1927
+
†Epitriplopus uintensis Peterson 1919
G. †Hyracodon Leidy 1856
+
†Hyracodon browni Russell 1934
†Hyracodon leidyanus Troxell 1921
+
Invalid names: Hyracodon apertus Sinclair 1922 [synonym]
†Hyracodon major Scott and Osborn 1887
†Hyracodon medius Peterson 1934
†Hyracodon nebraskensis Leidy 1850
+
Invalid names: Hyracodon arcidens Cope 1873 [synonym], Hyracodon arcidens mimus Troxell 1921 [synonym], Hyracodon doddi Tanner and Martin 1976 [synonym]
†Hyracodon petersoni Wood 1926
+
Invalid names: Hyracodon ischyrolophus Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym], Hyracodon selenidens Troxell 1921 [synonym]
†Hyracodon primus Peterson 1934
†Hyracodon priscidens Lambe 1905
Invalid names: Mesamynodon Peterson 1931 [synonym]
G. †Ilianodon Chow 1961
+
†Ilianodon lunanensis Chow 1961
G. †Pataecops Radinsky 1966
+
†Pataecops minutissimus Reshetov 1979
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Invalid names: Pataecops microdon Reshetov 1979 [synonym]
†Pataecops parvus Radinsky 1965
G. †Praeaceratherium Abel 1910
G. †Prohyracodon Koch 1897
+
+
Invalid names: Prohyracodon progressa Chow 1961 [synonym]
†Prohyracodon obrutschewi Dashzeveg 1996
†Prohyracodon parvum Dashzeveg 1991
Invalid names: Meninatherium Abel 1910 [synonym], Prothyracodon Scott and Osborn 1887 [synonym]
G. †Rhodopagus Radinsky 1965
+
†Rhodopagus guoi Paepen et al. 2021
†Rhodopagus minimus Matthew and Granger 1925
+
Invalid names: Rhodopagus pygmaeus Radinsky 1965 [synonym]
G. †Triplopides Radinsky 1967
+
†Triplopides rieli Radinsky 1967
G. †Triplopus Cope 1880
+
†Triplopus cubitalis Cope 1880
†Triplopus implicatus Cope 1873
+
Invalid names: Eotrigonias petersoni Wood 1927 [synonym]
†Triplopus mergenensis Dashzeveg 1991
†Triplopus obliquidens Scott and Osborn 1887
+
Invalid names: Prothyracodon intermedium Scott and Osborn 1887 [synonym], Triplopus grangeri Wood 1927 [synonym]
†Triplopus woodi Stock 1936
Invalid names: Eotrigonias Wood 1927 [synonym]
G. †Ulania Qi 1990
+
†Ulania wilsoni Qi 1990
G. †Yimengia Wang 1988
+
†Yimengia laiwuensis Qi and Meng 1983
†Yimengia yani Wang 1988
†Yimengia zdanskyi Lucas and Schoch 1981
Invalid names: Allaceropinae Wood 1932 [empty], Hyracodontinae Steinmann and Doderlein 1890 [empty], Triplopodinae Cope 1881 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:07:17
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:07:17
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Prothero 1998, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Eocene to the top of the Geringian or 55.80000 to 26.30000 Ma

Collections (196 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Pataecops microdon, Rhodopagus minutissimus (28490)
Arshantan56.0 - 37.71Kazakhstan Triplopus sp., Rhodopagus minutissimus (31009)
Irdinmanhan56.0 - 37.71Mongolia Rhodopagus sp. (182485)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71China (Henan) Prohyracodon meridionalis (42163)
Eocene - Oligocene56.0 - 23.03China (Shandong) Rhodopagus zdanskyi (41124)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Pataecops parvus (72202)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Hubei) Forstercooperia sp., Yimengia sp. (175808)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Pataecops parvus (176327) Rhodopagus guoi (226243)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Xinjiang) Rhodopagus sp. (176334)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Shandong) Breviodon minutus (175583) Hyracodontidae indet., Caenolophus minimus (175281) Rhodopagus laiwuensis (175581) Yimengia sp. 1 (175569) Yimengia yani (175568)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Henan) Hyracodontidae indet., Prohyracodon sp. (46193) Prohyracodon meridionalis (42165) Yimengia sp. 3 (175584)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Caenolophus minimus (174962) Triplopus proficiens, Rhodopagus pygmaeus (28792) Triplopus progressus (174721)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Shanxi) Prohyracodon meridionale (174907)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Yunnan) Ilianodon lunanensis (180771) Prohyracodon meridionale (180769) Prohyracodon progressa (36668 180770) Prohyracodon sp. (180768)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mongolia Ardynia sp., Triplopus mergenensis (174909) Rhodopagus sp. (174724)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Guangxi) Ilianodon sp. (190962) Prohyracodon sp. (190964)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Kazakhstan Rhodopagus n. sp. (180389) Rhodopagus sp. (180518)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Colorado) Hyracodontidae indet., Triplopus implicatus (16623)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Triplopus implicatus (16586)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Wyoming) Triplopus obliquidens (186965 186968) Triplopus sp. (93087)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Utah) Triplopus sp. (109166)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Epitriplopus sp., Triplopus sp. (16614) Triplopus sp. (16542)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Montana) Hyracodontidae indet., Triplopus rhinocerhinus (16551) Mesamynodon medius (16584)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Triplopus woodi (16585)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Wyoming) Epitriplopus sp. (16583) Epitriplopus uintensis (16513 16517) Triplopus cubitalis (202167) Triplopus cubitalis, Triplopus implicatus (16648)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Triplopus sp. (16605 16634)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Utah) Epitriplopus medius (16531) Epitriplopus uintensis, Triplopus implicatus, Triplopus obliquidens (16646) Prothyracodon uintense, Prothyracodon obliquidens (16607) Triplopus implicatus (16659) Triplopus implicatus, Triplopus obliquidens (16589) Triplopus obliquidens (16594 16654) Triplopus rhinocerinus (16592) Triplopus sp. (222805) Triplopus sp., Triplopus sp. (16656)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Triplopus woodi (16615)
Late/Upper Uintan - Duchesnean46.2 - 37.0USA (Montana) Triplopus rhinocerinus (230860)
Uintan - Duchesnean46.2 - 37.0USA (California) Triplopus woodi (16800 16801)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0China (Henan) Hyracodontidae indet., Triplopus proficiens (177036)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0Canada (Saskatchewan) Hyracodon sp. (16845)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Utah) Hyracodon primus (16847) Mesamynodon medius (16861)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (California) Hyracodontidae indet. (16810) Triplopus woodi (16806)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Texas) Hyracodon primus (16821 16828 16829 16830 16833 16835 16851 16862 16864 16865) Hyracodon sp. (16856)
Duchesnean - Chadronian39.7 - 33.9USA (Montana) Hyracodon sp. (16840)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Romania (Cluj) Prohyracodon orientale (221119)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Georgia) Hyracodon sp. (45640)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Hyracodon ischyrolophus (17045) Hyracodon leidyanus (16922) Hyracodon petersoni (16986) Hyracodon priscidens (16960 16962 16963 16964) Hyracodon sp. (16920 16954 16955 16961 16992) Hyracodon sp., Hyracodon priscidens (17011) Hyracodontidae indet. (16956 17009)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Mexico (Chihuahua) Hyracodon sp. (17015)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Hyracodon doddi (17033) Hyracodon nebraskensis (16917 16918 16929 16930 16940 17014) Hyracodon sp. (17034)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Hyracodon petersoni (17023) Hyracodon priscidens (16893 16919)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Hyracodon sp. (16927 16935 17010 17041) Hyracodontidae indet. (16925) Triplopides rieli, Hyracodon sp. (16990)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Hyracodon sp. (16977)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Hyracodon priscidens (16885 16938 17006) Hyracodon sp. (16969)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (New Mexico) Hyracodon sp. (17001)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Texas) Hyracodon petersoni (16886 16934)
Early/Lower Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Hyracodon priscidens (16906)
Late/Upper Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Hyracodon sp. (17027)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9China (Xinjiang) Triplopus sp., Triplopus jeminaiensis (175250)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Mongolia (Dornogov) Ardynia mongoliensis, Ardynia praecox, Prohyracodon meridionale, Prohyracodon parvum, Armania asiana (180387) Ardynia mongoliensis, Ardynia sp. (174716) Ardynia mongoliensis, Armania asiana (176016) Hyracodontidae indet. (205811) Prohyracodon obrutschewi (38303)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Mongolia Ardynia praecox (73781)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9China (Nei Mongol) Ardynia ordosensis (193735) Ardynia praecox (193734) Ardynia sp. (77908) Ulania wilsoni (176018)
Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Hyracodon sp. (16993)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Hyracodon nebrascensis (17064) Hyracodontidae indet. (17318)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Montana) Hyracodon sp. (17090 17138)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Hyracodon arcidens (17162) Hyracodon nebrascensis (17163 17180 17296) Hyracodon nebraskensis (17092 17094 17103 17115 17173 17174) Hyracodon sp. (17133 17141 17142 17153 17187 17188 17189 17190 17295)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Hyracodon nebraskensis (17062 17098 17164 17165 17175)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Colorado) Hyracodon arcidens (118198) Hyracodon sp. (17081 17082)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4China (Nei Mongol) Ardynia kazachstanensis (176066) Ardynia mongoliensis (34695)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Nebraska) Hyracodon leidyanus (17369) Hyracodon nebraskensis (17361 17366)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (South Dakota) Hyracodon apertus (17362 17379) Hyracodon leidyanus (17326) Hyracodon leidyanus, Hyracodon nebrascensis (17344) Hyracodon nebraskensis (17336 17337 17338) Hyracodon sp. (17317 17343 17359 17384 17385)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Colorado) Hyracodon sp. (17426)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (North Dakota) Hyracodon sp. (17320)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (South Dakota) Hyracodon sp. (17645)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Hyracodon sp. (17513 17717)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Georgia Prothyracodon sp., Ardynia plicidentata (182744)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03China (Gansu) Hyracodontidae indet., Ardynia sp., Ardynia altidentata (71433)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan Tenisia turgaica (177059)