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Connochaetes (wildebeest)

Mammalia - Bovidae

Taxonomy
Antilope (Connochaetes) was named by Lichtenstein (1812). It is extant.

It was reranked as Connochaetes by Carroll (1988), Vrba (1997), Grubb (2001), Geraads et al. (2004) and Gentry (2010).

It was assigned to Antilope by Lichtenstein (1812); to Bovidae by Carroll (1988); to Alcelaphina by Vrba (1997); to Alcelaphini by Geraads et al. (2004); and to Alcelaphinae by Grubb (2001) and Gentry (2010).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1812Antilope (Connochaetes) Lichtenstein
1884Oreonagor Thomas
1988Connochaetes Carroll
1997Oreonagor Vrba p. 155
1997Connochaetes Vrba p. 156
2001Connochaetes Grubb p. 380
2004Connochaetes Geraads et al. p. 186
2010Connochaetes Gentry p. 789

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
familyBovidae
subfamilyAntilopinaeGray 1821
tribeAlcelaphiniBrookes 1876
genusConnochaetes(Lichtenstein 1812)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Connochaetes Lichtenstein 1812 [wildebeest]
show all | hide all
†Connochaetes gentryi Harris 1991
†Connochaetes gentryi leptoceras Geraads et al. 2004
Connochaetes gnou Zimmermann 1780 [black wildebeest]
Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 [blue wildebeest]
†Connochaetes tournoueri Thomas 1884
Invalid names: Oreonagor Thomas 1884 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazersubg
Reproduction: viviparousf
Comments: based by MacFadden et al. (1999) on Walker (1975)subg
Created: 2009-01-04 10:50:27
Modified: 2009-01-04 13:02:12
Source: subg = subgenus, f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Solounias and Moelleken 1993, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Zanclean to the top of the Holocene or 5.33300 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 3.6 Ma

Collections (158 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588South Africa Connochaetes taurinus (22229)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6South Africa Connochaetes sp. (100313)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Malawi Connochaetes taurinus (22271)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ethiopia (Afar) Connochaetes gentryi (70907)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Malawi (Northern) Connochaetes sp. (226065)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774South Africa Connochaetes sp. (21791)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Malawi Connochaetes gentryi (22324) Connochaetes taurinus (22323 22326)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117South Africa Connochaetes sp. (21960) Connochaetes sp., Connochaetes gnou (207105)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588South Africa Gorgon taurinus (22340)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Kenya Connochaetes gentryi (21407 21484 21485)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Kenya (Rift Valley) Connochaetes sp. (21287 21352)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Pleistocene3.6 - 0.0117South Africa Connochaetes sp. (22330 22332 22334)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya (Rift Valley) Connochaetes sp. (21345)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Ethiopia Connochaetes sp. (22004)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya Connochaetes gentryi (21398 21410 21457 21461 21478 21503 21504)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Ethiopia (Afar) Connochaetes sp. (224655)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781South Africa Connochaetes sp. (21824 21827)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781South Africa (Gauteng) Connochaetes sp. (183152)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Connochaetes gentryi (22491 22492 22498) Connochaetes sp. (22497) Connochaetes sp., Connochaetes gentryi (22494)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.588 - 0.774Kenya Connochaetes gentryi (21367 21402 21409 21452 21458 21462 21472)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Djibouti Connochaetes sp. (22487)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Kenya Connochaetes sp. (21837 21838 21963 22268 22269 22270 38039)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117South Africa Connochaetes gnou (21695 21915 21929 115191 115205) Connochaetes sp. (21825 21828 21829 21916 21931 21953 21954 22329) Connochaetes taurinus, Connochaetes gnou (21956)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Morocco Connochaetes sp. (34332) Connochaetes taurinus (22489 34329)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Morocco Connochaetes sp. (21856)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Connochaetes taurinus (22103)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0South Africa Connochaetes gnou (21950 21952) Connochaetes sp. (21711 21951) Connochaetes taurinus (21949)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Ethiopia Connochaetes taurinus, Oreonagor sp. (22166)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Zambia Connochaetes sp. (21854) Connochaetes taurinus (21924)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Tanzania (Serengeti Park) Connochaetes taurinus (22548)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Connochaetes gnou (21868)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Tanzania Connochaetes taurinus (22183 22187 22189 22192 22195)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania Connochaetes sp. (22616 22625 22628) Connochaetes taurinus (22626 22627)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Algeria Connochaetes taurinus (22584)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) Connochaetes sp. (22557 22582) Connochaetes taurinus (22552 22553 22554 22558 22577 22578 22579 22583)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Ethiopia (Ethiopian Rift) Connochaetes sp. (22499)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya Connochaetes gentryi (21368 21443 21514 21520) Connochaetes sp. (21833)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774South Africa Connochaetes gnou (21923) Connochaetes sp. (21822 21961)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya (Rift Valley) Connochaetes sp. (21294 21343)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Morocco Connochaetes sp. (34330) Connochaetes taurinus (34287 42866)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129South Africa Connochaetes gnou (115188)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Ethiopia Connochaetes sp. (68070)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Tanzania Connochaetes taurinus (21893)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Ethiopia Connochaetes sp. (22170)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Kenya Connochaetes sp. (21276)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plain) Connochaetes taurinus (32093)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Connochaetes gnou (96974 113858) Connochaetes sp. (21709) Connochaetes taurinus (115184)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117South Africa Connochaetes gnou (115167)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti) Connochaetes taurinus (32119 32126)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti plains) Connochaetes taurinus (32115 32124 32125)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plains) Connochaetes taurinus (32090 32113 32138)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Tanzania Connochaetes taurinus (21690)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa (Orange Free) Connochaetes gnou (21861 21897 21909 21911 21912 21941 21943 21944 21947)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Zambia Connochaetes sp. (21895) Connochaetes taurinus (21894)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Connochaetes sp. (21939) Connochaetes taurinus (21933 21935 21936 21938)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Connochaetes gnou (21866 21940 21946) Connochaetes sp. (21917) Connochaetes taurinus (21896)