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Taxonomy
Bootherium was named by Harlan (1825). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Caprinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); and to Bovidae by Harlan (1825), Wilson (1967), Carroll (1988) and Albright et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Caprinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980); and to Bovidae by Harlan (1825), Wilson (1967), Carroll (1988) and Albright et al. (2019).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Bootherium Harlan |
| 1905 | Symbos Osgood |
| 1967 | Bootherium Wilson p. 221 |
| 1967 | Symbos Wilson p. 221 |
| 1980 | Symbos Kurten and Anderson p. 332 |
| 1980 | Bootherium Kurten and Anderson p. 334 |
| 1988 | Bootherium Carroll |
| 2019 | Bootherium Albright et al. p. 189 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Bootherium Harlan 1825
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†Bootherium bombifrons Harlan 1825
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Invalid names: Bison appalachicolus Rhoads 1895 [synonym], Bootherium brazosis Hesse 1942 [synonym], Bootherium nivicolens Hay 1915 [synonym], Bootherium sargenti Gidley 1908 [synonym], Liops zuniensis Gidley 1906 [synonym], Ovibos cavifrons Leidy 1852 [synonym], Ovibos giganteus Frick 1937 [synonym], Scaphoceros tyrelli Osgood 1905 [synonym], Symbos australis Brown 1908 [synonym], Symbos convexifrons Barbour 1934 [synonym], Symbos promptus Hay 1920 [synonym]
Invalid names: Symbos Osgood 1905 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range: base of the Irvingtonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 1.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Collections (44 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | B. bombifrons (80031) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Symbos sp. (107899) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Indiana) | Symbos cavifrons (83062) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | B. bombifrons (108817 108818 108819 108820) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Missouri) | Symbos sp. (90752) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | B. bombifrons (108816) Symbos sp. (65469) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Idaho) | Symbos cavifrons (93331) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | B. bombifrons (77590 207002) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Montana) | B. sp. (20310) | |
| Irvingtonian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | B. bombifrons (20135) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Nebraska) | B. bombifrons (20347) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Alaska) | B. sp. (20297) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Idaho) | Symbos cavifrons (20160) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Arkansas) | Symbos australis (20290) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Nebraska) | Symbos cavifrons (83061) Symbos convexifrons (34382) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | B. bombifrons (206989) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Alaska) | Symbos cavifrons (93555) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (West Virginia) | B. bombifrons (93332) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Oklahoma) | B. bombifrons (93178) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Wyoming) | Symbos sp. (93277) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Michigan) | B. sargenti (63617) Symbos cavifrons (200645 200646 200647) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Idaho) | B. bombifrons (20569) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Symbos cavifrons (20590) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Illinois) | Symbos cavifrons (164624) Symbos promptus (93486) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Louisiana) | Symbos cavifrons (83063) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (early glacial) | Canada (Alberta) | B. bombifrons (93727) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Utah) | Symbos cavifrons (93330) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Canada (Yukon) | Symbos cavifrons (73692) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | B. sp., Symbos cavifrons (103358) Symbos cavifrons (104697) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oklahoma) | Symbos promptus (216271) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Wyoming) | B. bombifrons (93181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Utah) | B. sp. (93266) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | USA (Utah) | Symbos cavifrons (93326) |