Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Moschidae (musk deer)

Mammalia - Moschidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Moschidae Gray p. 307
1889Moschidae Cope p. 877
1988Moschidae Carroll
1991Moschidae Nowak
2003Moschidae Hassanin and Douzery
2008Moschidae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2
2008Moschidae Prothero
2009Moschidae Spaulding et al.
2010Moschidae Becker et al.

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
—Pecora()
familyMoschidae
familyMoschidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Moschidae Gray 1821 [musk deer]
show all | hide all
G. †Bedenomeryx Jehenne 1988
hide
†Bedenomeryx truyolsi Ginsburg et al. 1994
Subfm. †Blastomerycinae Frick 1937
hide
G. †Blastomeryx Cope 1877
+
†Blastomeryx cursor Cook 1934
†Blastomeryx gemmifer Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx elegans Matthew and Cook 1909 [synonym], Blastomeryx francesca Frick 1937 [synonym], Blastomeryx medius Matthew 1924 [synonym], Blastomeryx mefferdi Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Longirostromeryx Frick 1937
+
†Longirostromeryx wellsi Matthew 1904
+
Invalid names: Longirostromeryx blicki Frick 1937 [synonym], Longirostromeryx merriami Frick 1937 [synonym], Longirostromeryx serpentis Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Longirostromeryx novomexicanus Frick 1937 [nomen nudum]
G. †Machaeromeryx Matthew 1926
+
†Machaeromeryx tragulus Matthew 1926
G. †Parablastomeryx Frick 1937
+
G. †Problastomeryx Webb 1998
+
†Problastomeryx primus Matthew 1908
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx mollis Merriam 1911 [synonym], Blastomeryx olcotti Matthew 1908 [synonym]
G. †Pseudoblastomeryx Tedford et al. 1987
+
†Pseudoblastomeryx advena Matthew 1907
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx tantillus Cook 1934 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx falkenbachi Frick 1937 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx marsa Frick 1937 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx schultzi Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Friburgomeryx Becker et al. 2001
G. †Hispanomeryx Morales et al. 1981
G. †Hydropotopsis Jehenne 1991
Subfm. Moschinae Gray 1821
hide
G. †Micromeryx Lartet 1851
+
†Micromeryx eiselei Aiglstorfer et al. 2017
†Micromeryx flourensianus Lartet 1851
G. Moschus Linnaeus 1758 [musk deer]
+
Moschus berezovskii Flerov 1928
Moschus chrysogaster Hodgson 1839 [Alpine musk deer]
Moschus leucogaster Hodgson 1839 [Himalayan musk deer]
Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus 1758 [musk deer]
G. †Oriomeryx Ginsburg 1985
G. †Pomelomeryx Ginsburg and Morales 1989
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Diet 2: grazerf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999f
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-23 13:15:44
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Harrisonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 24.80000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 23.03 Ma

Collections (190 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Montana) Blastomeryx gemmifer (17509)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Parablastomeryx falkenbachi (17532)
late Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (California) Machaeromeryx tragulus (167852) Machaeromeryx tragulus, Pseudoblastomeryx advena (167828 167848)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan Micromeryx sp. (64413)
MP 2928.4 - 23.03France (Aquitaine) Bedenomeryx milloquensis (37208)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany (North Rhine-Westfalia) Moschidae indet. (84606)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (Upper Bavaria) Moschidae indet. (65205)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Blastomeryx olcotti (74096) Parablastomeryx falkenbachi (17780 17847 17848)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx olcotti (17805) Blastomeryx sp. (17809) Blastomeryx tantillus (17736) Machaeromeryx tragulus (17738) Pseudoblastomeryx sp. (17843 28043)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Parablastomeryx advena (170308)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Blastomeryx advena (17747 17756 17827) Blastomeryx primus (17745) Blastomeryx sp. (17749 17826)
Harrisonian - Hemingfordian24.8 - 15.97USA (Montana) Blastomeryx sp. (18811)
Agenian23.03 - 20.0Switzerland (Fribourg) Friburgomeryx wallenriedensis (203089 203091 203093)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Mongolia Lagomeryx sp. (85060) Micromeryx primaevus, Lagomeryx sp. (182120) Moschidae indet. (182146)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Texas) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18644)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Oklahoma) Blastomeryx sp. (18105)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Colorado) Blastomeryx sp. (18902)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Wyoming) Moschidae indet. (18407)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333France Micromeryx flourensianus (200296)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Idaho) Problastomeryx primus (18980)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Nevada) Blastomeryx mollis (18922)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (South Dakota) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18369)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (California) Parablastomeryx falkenbachi (19144)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Montana) Blastomeryx sp. (18847 19000)
MN 222.4 - 20.0Spain (Zaragoza) Bedenomeryx truyolsi, Oriomeryx major, Pomelomeryx gracilis (35750)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97China (Jiangsu) Micromeryx sp. (43400)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97France Oriomeryx willii (148399)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Spain (Zaragoza) Micromeryx sp. (40716)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97France (Maine-et-Loire) Oriomeryx willii (48069)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Serbia and Montenegro (Serbia) Micromeryx sp. (199782)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (California) Pseudoblastomeryx advena (167840 167841 167842)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx schultzi (17881) Machaeromeryx tragulus (17891) Parablastomeryx sp., Parablastomeryx marsa (17927)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Wyoming) Pseudoblastomeryx schultzi (167863)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97Panama (Panama City) Machaeromeryx sp., Parablastomeryx sp. (144879)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Oregon) Parablastomeryx sp., Parablastomeryx schultzi (167866)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Florida) Machaeromeryx gilchristensis, Parablastomeryx floridanus (18597)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Wyoming) Blastomeryx sp. (17953)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (South Dakota) Pseudoblastomeryx advena (17912)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nevada) Blastomerycinae indet. (18962)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx gemmifer (17867 17871 17920) Blastomeryx medius (18001)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97Canada (Saskatchewan) Blastomeryx sp. (17868 18002) Blastomeryx sp., Parablastomeryx sp. (18003)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Texas) Blastomerycinae indet., Blastomeryx sp. (18626) Problastomeryx primus (18617)
Late/Upper Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Florida) Machaeromeryx sp., Blastomeryx sp. (18512)
Hemingfordian - Barstovian20.43 - 12.5USA (California) Blastomerycinae indet. (19235 19254 19255)
Orleanian20.0 - 15.97Czech Republic (Moravia) Micromeryx sp. (190142 200140)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5Canada (Saskatchewan) Blastomeryx elegans (18758 18759 18761 18794 18797 18799)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx gemmifer (18090 18144 18208 18261 18284) Blastomeryx mefferdi (18124) Blastomeryx sp. (18165 18443) Longirostromeryx blicki (18164 18275 18442) Longirostromeryx sp. (18192 18209) Longirostromeryx sp., Parablastomeryx sp. (18412)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nevada) Blastomeryx mollis (19103)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Oregon) Blastomeryx sp. (19056) Parablastomeryx sp., Blastomerycinae indet. (19031)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (New Mexico) Blastomeryx francesca, Longirostromeryx blicki (19535) Blastomeryx francesca, Longirostromeryx sp. (19287) Longirostromeryx wellsi (19519)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Texas) Blastomeryx sp. (18604 18619 18628 18637 207493)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx elegans (17905 17976) Blastomeryx gemmifer (17983)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Montana) Blastomeryx elegans (18803)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (New Mexico) Blastomeryx gemmifer (19547)
Barstovian - Clarendonian16.3 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Blastomeryx elegans (230906) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18077) Moschidae indet. (18235)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (Florida) Blastomeryx sp. (18569)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Bayern) Micromeryx flourensianus (45612 45613)
MN 515.97 - 13.65Austria Micromeryx sp., Micromeryx flourensianus (51002)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees) Micromeryx flourensianus (32191)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) Micromeryx flourensianus (190754)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Spain (Madrid) Micromeryx flourensianus (197673)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608France (Gers) Micromeryx sansaniensis (143472)
Langhian - Tortonian15.97 - 7.246France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Micromeryx flourensianus (31776)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333China (Nei Mongol) Micromeryx sp. (28781)
Middle Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene15.97 - 5.333Spain (Catalonia) Micromeryx sp. (199537)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62China (shaanxi) Micromeryx sp. (42752)
MN 613.65 - 12.75Germany (Bayern) Micromeryx flourensianus (45603 45614)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Spain Hispanomeryx aragonensis, Micromeryx flourensianus (70806) Micromeryx florecianus (78058)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Micromeryx flourensianus, Micromeryx eiselei (49520)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1Switzerland (Baselland) Micromeryx flourensianus (49421)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Blastomerycinae indet. (18082) Blastomeryx gemmifer (18106 18260) Blastomeryx sp. (18159) Longirostromeryx merriami (18042 18204 18334 18336) Longirostromeryx serpentis (18222) Longirostromeryx sp. (18221 18314) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18092 18217 18233 18273 18300 18324 188779) Parablastomeryx gregorii (18214 18245 18496)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Kansas) Longirostromeryx sp. (18186)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (South Dakota) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18063 18200 18344 18491) Parablastomeryx sp. (18481)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Oklahoma) Moschidae indet. (18463)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Texas) Blastomeryx sp. (18623 18645 207452) Longirostromeryx clarendonensis (18244) Longirostromeryx sp. (18149)
Early/Lower Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Florida) Blastomeryx sp. (161377)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Longirostromeryx merriami (18066)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (South Dakota) Longirostromeryx wellsi (18352)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Germany (Bavaria) Moschidae indet. (206345)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246China (Yunnan) Moschus sp. (11798)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Catalonia) Micromeryx flourensianus (38975 176268)
Vallesian11.608 - 8.7Spain (Segovia) Hispanomeryx duriensis, Micromeryx flourensianus (40768)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Spain Micromeryx sp. (174643)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333China (Qinghai) Micromeryx sp. (34669 34676)
MN 911.1 - 9.7Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén) Micromeryx flourensianus (75481)
MN 109.7 - 8.7Spain (Madrid) Moschidae indet. (197661)
MN 109.7 - 8.7Spain (Teruel) Micromeryx sp. (38345)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333China (Yunnan) Moschus sp. (44220 44221 44222 44224)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781China (Anhui) Moschus sp. (68380)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117China (Liaoyang) Moschus moschiferus (34667)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129China (Guizhou) Moschus sp. (51100)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117China (Hubei) Moschus moschiferus (92787)