Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Leptomerycidae

Mammalia - Leptomerycidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1893Leptomerycidae Zittel p. 389
1902Leptomerycinae Hay p. 671
1908Leptomerycinae Matthew p. 561
1940Leptomerycinae Scott p. 537
1955Leptomerycidae Gazin p. 80
1969Leptomerycidae Ferrusquia-Villafranca
1988Leptomerycidae Carroll
2001Leptomerycidae Vislobokova p. S134
2009Leptomerycidae Spaulding et al.
2020Leptomerycidae Lofgren et al.
2022Leptomerycidae Korth et al.

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
Ruminantiamorpha
Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
Pecora()
familyLeptomerycidae
familyLeptomerycidae

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Leptomerycidae Zittel 1893
show all | hide all
G. †Hendryomeryx Black 1978
hide
Hendryomeryx defordi Wilson 1974
+
Invalid names: Hidrosotherium transpecoensis Wilson 1974 [synonym]
Hendryomeryx wilsoni Black 1978
Invalid names: Hidrosotherium Wilson 1974 [synonym]
G. †Leptomeryx Leidy 1853
hide
Leptomeryx antecedens Cook 1934
Leptomeryx blacki Stock 1949
Leptomeryx elissae Korth and Diamond 2002
Leptomeryx esulcatus Cope 1889
+
Invalid names: Leptomeryx drummondanus Matthew 1926 [synonym]
Leptomeryx evansi Leidy 1853
+
Invalid names: Leptomeryx lenis Cook 1934 [synonym], Trimerodus cedrensis Cope 1873 [synonym]
Leptomeryx exilis Cook 1934
+
Invalid names: Leptomeryx minimus Frick 1937 [synonym]
Leptomeryx mammifer Cope 1885
+
Invalid names: Leptomeryx agatensis Cook 1934 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Hypertragulus transversus Cope 1889 [synonym]
Leptomeryx significans Russell 1954
Leptomeryx speciosus Lambe 1908
Leptomeryx yoderi Schlaikjer 1935
Invalid names: Trimerodus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Pipestoneia Tabrum and Métais 2007
hide
Pipestoneia douglassi Tabrum and Métais 2007
G. †Pronodens Koerner 1940
hide
Pronodens silberlingi Koerner 1940
Pronodens transmontanus Douglass 1903
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
I. A. Vislobokova 2001Skull with more enlarged brain- case than in archaeomerycids. Sagittal crest shorter than in archaeomerycids, lophiomerycids, and gelocids. Temporal crests fused much more posteriorly to coro- nal suture. Postorbital bar complete and forms half of frontal and half of jugal. Parietal foramen large, some- times double. Auditory bulla small, with medium-long external acoustic meatus. Stylohyoid vagina encroach- ing upon bulla with sharp lateral border. Mastoid expo- sure mainly on occipital surface. Mastoid foramen large and placed laterally. Foramen ovale slitlike, located posteriorly. Pterygoid canal present. Petrosal enlarged with ventral side sitting closer to horizontal plane than to parasagittal one; anteroventral border of petrosal laterally almost reaching the postglenoid fora- men. Promontorium well developed, as in tragulids. Fenestra vestibuli small. Stapedial muscle fossa oppo- site fenestra vestibuli. Epitympanic recess formed by petrosal, as in tragulids. Lacrimal with enlarged facial and orbital parts and with single lacrimal foramen within orbit, as in tragulids. Jugal with well-developed anterior process. Posterior opening of infraorbital canal between lacrimal and maxilla, as in tragulids. Ethmoi- dal fissure well developed. Nasals shorter than in archaeomerycids, not narrowed posteriorly. Median concavity of palate opposite posterior border of M3. Anterior opening of nasal cavity with projected anteri- orly nasals. Upper incisors absent. Lower iI enlarged, strongly procumbent. Upper canines reduced. P I absent. The p I present or lost. Odontoid process of axis
spout-like. Forelimbs much shorter than hindlimbs. Radius and ulna, tibia and fibula separate. Fibula reduced to separate proximal rudiment and malleolar bone. Manus tetradactyl. Metacarpals separate and arranged in paraxonic symmetry. Metatarsals III and IV form cannon bone with unclosed gully. Proximal splits of metatarsals II and V fused with cannon bone. Ecto- and mesocuneiforms fused. Entocuneiform separate. Astragalus of pecoran type with parallel trochleae.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: frugivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: analogous to Tragulidae, i.e., frugivorousf
Created: 2005-08-31 14:47:23
Modified: 2005-08-31 16:47:23
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999, Webb 1998, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Uintan to the top of the Barstovian or 46.20000 to 13.60000 Ma

Collections (181 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Texas) Hendryomeryx wilsoni (16624)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2USA (Texas) Hendryomeryx sp. (16856) Leptomeryx defordi (16828 16830 16835 16851) Leptomeryx sp. (16843)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2USA (Wyoming) Hendryomeryx wilsoni (16826 16853 16884)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2Canada (Saskatchewan) Hendryomeryx sp. (16846)
Duchesnean - Chadronian40.4 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx blacki (17020)
Duchesnean - Chadronian40.4 - 33.9USA (Montana) Hendryomeryx defordi (16840)
Duchesnean - Early/Lower Chadronian40.4 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Hendryomeryx sp. (16881)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (British Columbia) Leptotragulus significans (16984)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Leptomeryx esulcatus (16908) Leptomeryx evansi (16973) Leptomeryx mammifer, Leptomeryx speciosus (16962 16963 16964) Leptomeryx sp. (16892 16896 16951 16952 16953 16955 16957 17011) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx esulcatus (16920) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx sp. (16961 16986) Leptomeryx speciosus (16942 16943 16965 16966) Leptomeryx yoderi (17045) Leptomeryx yoderi, Pseudoprotoceras semicinctus (16960)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Leptomerycidae indet., Leptomeryx sp. (16990) Leptomeryx evansi (16946) Leptomeryx mammifer, Leptomeryx speciosus, Hendryomeryx sp. (16959) Leptomeryx sp. (16927 16935 16945 17041) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx mammifer, Leptomeryx speciosus, Hendryomeryx sp. (16988 17010) Leptomeryx speciosus (16949 16989) Leptomeryx speciosus, Leptomeryx yoderi (16994) Leptomeryx transmontanus (16914 16924 16925)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx antecedens (17000) Leptomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx evansi (16929) Leptomeryx evansi (17018) Leptomeryx sp. (16917 16930 16940 16941 17014 17033) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx evansi (16918) Leptomeryx speciosus (17031)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (California) Leptomeryx blacki (17029)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Leptomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx evansi (16977) Leptomeryx sp. (16968)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Leptomeryx sp. (17021)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Mexico (Chihuahua) Leptomeryx sp. (17015)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Utah) Leptomeryx sp. (16948)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (North Dakota) Leptomeryx yoderi (16991)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Hendryomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx mammifer, Pseudoprotoceras semicinctus, Leptomeryx speciosus (16919) Hypertragulus transversus, Leptomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx mammifer, Leptomeryx semicinctus (101961) Leptomeryx sp. (16912) Leptomeryx speciosus (16979) Leptomeryx speciosus, Pseudoprotoceras semicinctus (16893) Leptomeryx yoderi (17023)
Early/Lower Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Leptomeryx sp. (16906)
Early/Lower Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Leptomeryx speciosus, Leptomeryx yoderi (27245)
Late/Upper Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Leptomeryx evansi, Leptomeryx speciosus (17027)
Late/Upper Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Leptomeryx sp. (85117)
Middle Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx speciosus (16928)
Middle Chadronian - Late/Upper Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Leptomeryx speciosus (156988)
Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Leptomeryx evansi (17063) Leptomeryx sp. (16993)
Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Utah) Leptomeryx sp. (17008)
Late/Upper Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx exilis (230806)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (North Dakota) Leptomeryx evansi (17100 17301)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx elissae (23834) Leptomeryx evansi (17062) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx evansi (17098 17164 17165)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx evansi (17055 17111)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Montana) Hendryomeryx sp., Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx evansi (17090) Leptomeryx evansi (17074 17138 17154) Leptomeryx sp. (17137) Leptomeryx transmontanus (17109)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Leptomeryx evansi (17094 17102 17103 17115 17133 17153 17173 17174 17295 17296) Leptomeryx sp. (17089 17187 17188 17189 17190) Leptomeryx sp., Leptomeryx evansi (163487)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Leptomeryx evansi (17064 17105 17106 17318) Leptomeryx speciosus (17104)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Colorado) Leptomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx evansi (17081) Leptomeryx esulcatus, Leptomeryx evansi, Leptomeryx sp. (17082) Leptomeryx evansi (17083)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Montana) Leptomeryx sp. (230863)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (South Dakota) Leptomeryx lenis (17336 17337 17338) Leptomeryx obliquidens (185937) Leptomeryx sp. (17317 17358 17359 17380 17384 17385)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx sp., Pronodens sp. (17372)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Colorado) Leptomeryx evansi (17426)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx lenis (17388)
Whitneyan - Monroecreekian33.3 - 24.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx sp. (17306)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (South Dakota) Leptomeryx sp. (17629 17635 17636 17638 17641 17659 17660)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx sp. (17474)
Arikareean30.8 - 20.43USA (South Dakota) Leptomeryx sp. (17517 17606)
Arikareean30.8 - 20.43USA (Oregon) Leptomeryx evansi (180202)
Arikareean30.8 - 20.43USA (Montana) Leptomeryx sp. (17700) Pronodens silberlingi (17509) Pronodens sp. (17540 17543)
late Late Arikareean30.8 - 20.43USA (Oregon) Leptomerycinae indet. (18013)
Monroecreekian26.3 - 24.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Leptomeryx sp. (17526)
Harrisonian24.8 - 20.43USA (Nebraska) Leptomeryx agatensis (17846)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Louisiana) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (163859)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti (17952)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97Canada (Saskatchewan) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (17868)
Hemingfordian - Barstovian20.43 - 13.6USA (California) Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti (19235)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (New Mexico) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (19535)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Louisiana) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (18666)
Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Nebraska) Pseudoparablastomeryx francescita (18275 18442) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (18141 18208 18261 18284 18412 27481)
Early/Lower Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Nebraska) Parablastomeryx scotti (17976) Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti (17901 17903 17955 17956 17972 18020)
Early/Lower Barstovian15.97 - 13.6Mexico (Oaxaca) Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. (18735)
Early/Lower Barstovian15.97 - 13.6USA (Texas) Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti (18665)