PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Camelops

Mammalia - Camelidae

Taxonomy

Camelops was named by Leidy (1854).

It was assigned to Miolabinae by Hay (1902); to Camelinae by Simpson (1945); to Camelopini by Webb (1965); to Camelidae by Leidy (1854), Schultz and Howard (1935), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Carroll (1988); to Lamini by Honey et al. (1998), Webb and Meachen (2004) and Baskin and Thomas (2015); and to Camelini by Lynch et al. (2020) and Carbot-Chanona et al. (2023).

Species

C. arenarum, C. hesternus (syn. C. huerfanensis, C. aransas, C. traviswhitei, C. sulcatus), C. kansanus, C. maximus, C. minidokae, C. nevadanus, C. nitidus, C. vacondae, Eschatius, Eschatius conidens, Megalomeryx niobrarensis

Sister genera

Eschatius

Synonyms

Camelops arenarum was named by Hay (1927).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965).
Camelops maximus was named by Hay (1921) [position of Honey et al. 1998 unclear]. It is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965).
Camelops nevadanus was named by Hay (1927).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965).
Camelops nitidus was named by Hay (1920). Its type specimen is USNM 9111, a tooth (a lower first molar), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965).
Camelops vacondae was named by Hay (1927).

It was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965) and Honey et al. (1998).
Eschatius was named by Cope (1884). Its type is Eschatius conidens.

It was synonymized subjectively with Camelops by Savage (1951); it was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965) and Mooser and Dalquest (1975).

It was assigned to Camelidae by Cope (1884); and to Camelinae by Hay (1902).
Eschatius conidens was named by Cope (1884) [genotype]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Tequixquiac, which is in a Pliocene terrestrial horizon in Mexico. It is the type species of Eschatius.

It was recombined as Camelops conidens by Savage (1951); it was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965) and Mooser and Dalquest (1975).
Eschatius longirostris was named by Cope (1884). Its type specimen is A.M.N.H. 8621, a mandible (right ramus of a mandible with deeply worn P4, M1 and 2 and part of M3), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eschatius conidens by Wortman (1898); it was synonymized subjectively with Camelops conidens by Savage (1951); it was considered a nomen dubium by Elftman (1931) and Webb (1965).
Megalomeryx was named by Leidy (1858).

It was synonymized subjectively with Camelops by Wortman (1898) and Hay (1902); it was considered a nomen dubium by Webb (1965) and Voorhies (1990).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1854	Camelops Leidy p. 172
1858	Megalomeryx Leidy
1884	Eschatius Cope p. 16
1884	Eschatius conidens Cope p. 19
1884	Eschatius longirostris Cope p. 20
1902	Camelops Hay p. 679
1902	Eschatius Hay p. 680
1902	Eschatius conidens Hay p. 680
1902	Eschatius longirostris Hay p. 680
1920	Camelops nitidus Hay p. 122 figs. Plate 7, figs. 3 - 8
1921	Camelops maximus Hay
1927	Camelops arenarum Hay
1927	Camelops nevadanus Hay
1927	Camelops vacondae Hay
1931	Camelops maximus Elftman p. 15
1931	Eschatius conidens Elftman p. 16
1935	Camelops Schultz and Howard p. 286
1945	Camelops Simpson p. 150
1951	Camelops conidens Savage
1965	Camelops Webb p. 44
1980	Camelops Kurten and Anderson p. 303
1988	Camelops Carroll
1998	Camelops Honey et al. p. 451
2004	Camelops Webb and Meachen p. 350
2015	Camelops Baskin and Thomas p. 119
2020	Camelops Lynch et al.
2023	Camelops Carbot-Chanona et al. p. 4

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
family	Camelidae
subfamily	Camelinae	Gray 1821
tribe	Camelini	Gray 1821
genus	Camelops

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Camelops Leidy 1854

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†Camelops hesternus Leidy 1873

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†Camelops huerfanensis dallasi Lull 1921

Invalid names: Camelops aransas Hay 1926 [synonym], Camelops huerfanensis Cragin 1892 [synonym], Camelops sulcatus Cope 1893 [synonym], Camelops traviswhitei Mooser and Dalquest 1975 [synonym]

†Camelops kansanus Leidy 1854

†Camelops minidokae Hay 1927

Invalid names: Camelops arenarum Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Camelops maximus Hay 1921 [nomen dubium], Camelops nevadanus Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Camelops nitidus Hay 1920 [nomen dubium], Camelops vacondae Hay 1927 [nomen dubium], Eschatius Cope 1884 [nomen dubium], Eschatius conidens Cope 1884 [nomen dubium], Megalomeryx Leidy 1858 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Diet 2:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:09

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:42:02

Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 16.30000 to 0.01200 Ma

Collections (221 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Barstovian - Clarendonian	16.3 - 9.4	USA (Nebraska)	Megalomeryx niobrarensis (190543)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Arizona)	Camelidae indet. (19628) C. sp. (19623 19624 19625 19631 19636 19638 19646 19648 19650 19651 19654 20303) C. traviswhitei (19656 19657 19658)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Washington)	C. sp. (20062)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Texas)	C. kansanus (20027) C. sp. (20033 20050 20052)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Nevada)	C. sp. (19967)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	Mexico (Hidalgo)	C. sp. (20073)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Kansas)	C. kansanus (19926) C. sp. (19929)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	Mexico (Guanajuato)	C. sp. (20077)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (South Dakota)	C. sp. (20021)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	Mexico (Sonora)	C. sp. (20322)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Nebraska)	C. sp. (19954 19955 19963)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (California)	C. sp. (19714 20102 20105 20106 20112 20115 20118 20119 20120 20121 20122 20540)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	Mexico (Baja California Sur)	C. sp. (19673 20075)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (New Mexico)	C. sp. (19655 19968 19970 19973 19981)
Blancan - Irvingtonian	4.9 - 0.3	Mexico (Jalisco)	C. sp. (20078)
Blancan - Irvingtonian	4.9 - 0.3	USA (Arizona)	C. sp. (19652)
Blancan - Irvingtonian	4.9 - 0.3	USA (South Dakota)	C. sp. (20020)
Blancan - Irvingtonian	4.9 - 0.3	USA (New Mexico)	C. sp. (20397)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.588	Mexico (México)	Eschatius conidens, Holomeniscus hesternus (163820)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	USA (Kansas)	C. sp. (19927)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.781	USA (Arizona)	C. sp. (85145)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	Canada (Alberta)	C. hesternus (190079)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	USA (California)	C. sp. (65994 183455 183461 183462)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	Mexico (Jalisco)	C. sp., C. hesternus (20285)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	USA (Texas)	Camelidae indet. (85140 207423 207446) C. aransas (156789) C. huerfanensis (85137) C. sp. (207456)
Pleistocene	2.588 - 0.0117	USA (Missouri)	C. sp. (90752)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	Mexico (Jalisco)	C. sp. (20539)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (California)	C. hesternus (20305 20319) C. hesternus, C. minidokae (20387) C. sp. (20123 20124 20125 20126 20127 20128 20129 20130 20134 20178 20206 20239 20272 20327 20454 20457 20515 20527)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Iowa)	C. sp. (20556)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Montana)	C. minidokae (20373) C. sp. (20310)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Kansas)	C. huerfanensis (191915) C. kansanus (20165 20166 20168 20295) C. sp. (20137 20291 20332 20390 20516)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	Canada (Saskatchewan)	C. sp. (20563)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Oklahoma)	C. sp. (20309 20382 20484)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (New Mexico)	C. sp. (20330 20550)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Washington)	C. sp. (20307)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Colorado)	C. sp. (20477 20559)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (South Dakota)	C. sp. (20158 20503)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Texas)	C. sp. (20163 20288 20306 20318 20342 20411 20535 20568) C. sulcatus (20530) C. sulcatus, Holomeniscus sulcatus (20498)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	Mexico (Aguascalientes)	C. hesternus, C. traviswhitei (20283)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Arizona)	C. sp. (20341 20344)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	Canada (Alberta)	C. hesternus (20418) C. minidokae (20417)
Irvingtonian	1.8 - 0.3	USA (Nebraska)	C. hesternus (20347 20348 20375 20376 20500 20501) C. kansanus (20143) C. sp. (20154)
Irvingtonian - Rancholabrean	1.8 - 0.012	USA (Kansas)	C. sp. (20492)
Irvingtonian - Rancholabrean	1.8 - 0.012	USA (California)	C. hesternus (20323) C. sp. (20486 20487 20489 20517 20542)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (Nebraska)	C. sp. (34382)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (Colorado)	C. sp. (20358)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (California)	C. hesternus (20639)
Rancholabrean	0.3 - 0.012	Mexico (Tlaxcala)	C. hesternus (226032)
Rancholabrean	0.3 - 0.012	Mexico	C. hesternus (232555)
Rancholabrean (glacial)	0.3 - 0.012	USA (California)	C. sp. (20624)
Rancholabrean	0.3 - 0.012	USA (California)	C. hesternus (196762) C. sp. (183460)
Rancholabrean (interglacial)	0.3 - 0.012	USA (California)	C. hesternus (20630)
Rancholabrean	0.3 - 0.012	Mexico (Sonora)	C. hesternus (20495)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Texas)	C. huerfanensis (93103)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico (Sonora)	C. sp. (85156 85159)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Wyoming)	C. sp. (93181)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Utah)	C. sp. (93266)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Canada (Saskatchewan)	C. hesternus (20635 20640)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Kansas)	Eschatius conidens (37788)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Montana)	C. sp. (162125 162127)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Texas)	C. sp. (20586 20603)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Oregon)	C. hesternus, Eschatius sp. (93251)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Oklahoma)	C. sp. (74145)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico (Hidalgo)	C. hesterous (190114 190115 190116)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Kansas)	C. sp. (83072 83073)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	C. hesternus (20642) C. sp. (20575 20579 20585 20609 20623 20644 20645)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Colorado)	C. hesternus (20617)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Texas)	C. hesternus (230003 230753) C. sp. (79683 85142 93527 145380)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Oklahoma)	C. kansanus (216271)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (California)	C. hesternus (73752 190077 190889) C. hesternus, C. minidokae, Bison antiquus (20273) C. sp. (93483)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Utah)	C. hesternus (20641)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Canada (Alberta)	C. hesternus (20615)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Honduras (Copan)	C. sp. (230462)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (New Mexico)	C. hesternus (76059) C. sp. (76060)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Montana)	C. sp. (93182)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Idaho)	C. hesternus (20569 20612)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Canada (Saskatchewan)	C. hesternus (20590)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Arizona)	C. sp. (76068)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (South Dakota)	C. sp. (93333)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico (San Luis Potosi)	C. sp. (71277)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (New Mexico)	C. hesternus (79653 79654) C. sp. (93141 93246 93281)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Mexico (Sonora)	C. sp. (20633)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Florida)	C. sp. (74294)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Wyoming)	C. hesternus (93277)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene	0.129 - 0.0	USA (New Mexico)	C. sp. (93376 93377)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene (late glacial)	0.129 - 0.0	USA (Nevada)	C. sp. (93291)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene	0.129 - 0.0	USA (Utah)	C. hesternus (93326)