Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Tylopoda

Mammalia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1811Tylopoda Illiger p. 102
1883Tylopoda Flower p. 184
1891Tylopoda Flower and Lydekker p. 90
1908Tylopoda Matthew p. 561
1940Tylopoda Scott p. 506
1986Tylopoda Hooker p. 412
1986Tylopoda Prothero p. 458
1988Tylopoda Carroll
2000Tylopoda Ursing et al.
2004Tylopoda Webb and Meachen p. 350
2005Tylopoda Whistler and Webb p. 5
2006Tylopoda Cuesta Ruíz-Colmenares et al.
2007Tylopoda Hooker p. 613
2008Tylopoda Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2
2009Camelidamorpha Spaulding et al. p. 3 figs. Table 1
2010Tylopoda Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
suborderTylopoda()
suborderTylopoda()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Tylopoda Illiger 1811
show all | hide all
Fm. †Amphimerycidae Stehlin 1910
hide
G. †Amphimeryx Pictet 1853
+
Amphimeryx murinus Cuvier 1822
Amphimeryx riparius Aymard 1855
G. †Pseudamphimeryx Stehlin 1919
+
Pseudamphimeryx hantonensis Forster-Cooper 1928
Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae Stehlin 1910
Pseudamphimeryx renevieri Pictet and Humbert 1869
Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri Rutimeyer 1891
Pseudamphimeryx valdensis Stehlin 1910
Superfm. †Anoplotherioidea Bonaparte 1850
hide
Fm. †Anoplotheriidae Gray 1821
+
Subfm. †Anoplotheriinae Gray 1821
+
G. †Anoplotherium Cuvier 1804
+
Anoplotherium commune Cuvier 1804
Anoplotherium latipes Gervais 1852
Anoplotherium pompeckji Dietrich 1922
Anoplotherium sivalense Cautley and Falconer 1840
Invalid names: Anoplotherium platypus Pomel 1851 [nomen dubium], Eurytherium Gervais 1852 [synonym], Hoplotherium Meyer 1841 [synonym], Oplotherium Laizer and Parieu 1838 [synonym], Pleregnathus Laizer and Parieu 1838 [synonym], Thylacomorphus Gervais 1876 [nomen oblitum]
G. †Dideilotherium Ameghino 1889
+
Dideilotherium venerandum Ameghino 1889
Invalid names: Deilotherium Filhol 1882 [replaced]
G. †Diplobune Rutimeyer 1862
+
Diplobune bavarica Fraas 1870
Diplobune minor Filhol 1877
Diplobune quercyi Filhol 1877
Diplobune secundaria Cuvier 1822
Invalid names: Hyracodon Filhol 1876 [synonym], Hyracodontherium Filhol 1877 [synonym], Hyrocodon Filhol 1873 [synonym]
G. †Duerotherium Cuesta and Badiola 2009
+
Duerotherium sudrei Cuesta and Badiola 2009
G. †Ephelcomenus Hurzeler 1938
+
Ephelcomenus filholi Lydekker 1889
G. †Robiatherium Sudre 1988
+
Subfm. †Dacrytheriinae Deperet 1917
+
G. †Catodontherium Deperet 1908
+
Catodontherium buxgovianum Erfurt and Metais 2007
Catodontherium fallax Stehlin 1910
Catodontherium paquieri Stehlin 1910
Catodontherium robiacnse Deperet 1906
Invalid names: Catodus Deperet 1905 [replaced]
G. †Dacrytherium Filhol
+
Dacrytherium cayluxi Filhol 1876
Dacrytherium elegans Filhol 1884
Dacrytherium ovinum Owen 1857
Dacrytherium priscum Stehlin 1910
Dacrytherium sturnini Stehlin 1910
Invalid names: Anoplotheriina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Robiaciinae Sudre 1977 [empty]
Fm. †Xiphodontidae Flower 1883
+
G. †Dichodon Owen
+
Dichodon cartieri Rutimeyer 1891
Dichodon cervinus Owen 1848
Dichodon cuspidatus Owen 1847
Dichodon frohnstettense von Meyer 1852
Dichodon simplex Kowalevsky 1874
G. †Haplomeryx Schlosser 1886
+
Haplomeryx egerkingensis Stehlin 1910
Haplomeryx euzetensis Depéret 1917
Haplomeryx obliquus Cuvier 1822
Haplomeryx picteti Stehlin 1910
Haplomeryx zitteli Schlosser 1886
G. †Leptotheridium Stehlin 1910
+
Leptotheridium lugeoni Stehlin 1910
G. †Paraxiphodon Sudre 1978
+
G. †Xiphodon Cuvier 1822
+
Xiphodon castrensis Kowalevsky 1873
Xiphodon gracile Cuvier 1822
Xiphodon intermedium Stehlin 1910
Fm. †Oromerycidae Gazin 1955
hide
G. †Camelodon Granger 1910
+
Camelodon arapahovius Granger 1910
G. †Eotylopus Matthew 1910
+
Eotylopus reedi Matthew 1910
G. †Malaquiferus Gazin 1955
+
G. †Merycobunodon Golz 1976
+
Merycobunodon walshi Murphey and Kelly 2017
G. †Montanatylopus Prothero 1986
+
Montanatylopus matthewi Prothero 1986
G. †Oromeryx Marsh 1894
+
Oromeryx plicatus Marsh 1894
G. †Protylopus Wortman 1898
+
Protylopus annectens Peterson 1919
Protylopus petersoni Wortman 1898
+
Invalid names: Protylopus minor Prothero 1998 [synonym], Protylopus parvus Prothero 1998 [synonym]
Protylopus robustus Golz 1976
Protylopus stocki Golz 1976
Invalid names: Camelidamorpha Spaulding et al. 2009 [synonym], Cameloidea [empty], Oreodontoidea Gill 1872 [empty], Xiphodontoidea Flower 1883 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 30 kgg
Minimum body mass: 300 gs
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: grazero
Diet 2: browsero
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-26 14:03:05
Modified: 2005-09-19 12:23:23
Source: s = species, g = genus, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1999, Legendre 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Uintan to the top of the MP 21 or 46.20000 to 28.40000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.3 Ma

Collections (152 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
MP 1448.6 - 40.4France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (184174)
MP 15 - MP 1648.6 - 37.2Spain (Salamanca) Leptotheridium sp. (40892)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France Leptotheridium traguloides (184468)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Alsace Region) Dacrytherium elegans, Catodontherium sp., Catodontherium fallax, Catodontherium argentonicum (31609)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Centre Region) Catodontherium argentonicum (31582)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Switzerland (Baselland) Dichodon ruetimeyeri, Dacrytherium elegans, Dacrytherium priscum, Catodontherium buxgovianum, Dichodon simplex, Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31723)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (California) Merycobunodon littoralis (16665 16676) Merycobunodon sp. (16684) Oromerycidae indet. (16666 16710 16757) Protylopus petersoni (16695) Protylopus sp. (16692 16762)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Colorado) Oromeryx sp. (16623)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Wyoming) Oromerycidae indet. (93087)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 40.4Canada (Saskatchewan) Oromerycidae indet. (16626 16627)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Texas) Malaquiferus sp., Protylopus sp. (16614)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (California) Protylopus sp. (16780) Protylopus sp., Protylopus sp. (16585)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Utah) Oromeryx plicatus (16606) Oromeryx plicatus, Protylopus petersoni (16646) Protylopus annectens, Oromeryx sp. (16607) Protylopus petersoni (16589 16654)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (California) Protylopus petersoni, Protylopus robustus, Protylopus stocki (16590 16791) Protylopus petersoni, Protylopus stocki (16591) Protylopus robustus (16603 16792 16793) Protylopus robustus, Protylopus stocki (16790) Protylopus sp. (16615) Protylopus stocki (16547)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Wyoming) Camelodon arapahovius (16523) Malaquiferus tourteloti (16513 16517 16518 16552) Protylopus petersoni (16648)
Uintan46.2 - 40.4USA (Texas) Oromerycidae indet. (16624)
Uintan - Duchesnean46.2 - 37.2USA (California) Protylopus pearsonensis (16801) Protylopus petersoni (16533)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Spain (Aragon) Pseudamphimeryx sp. (31633)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dacrytherium elegans, Xiphodon castrense, Catodontherium paquieri (31634)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichodon sp., Dichodon vidalenci, Dacrytherium elegans, Leptotheridium traguloides, Xiphodon castrense, Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae, Catodontherium robiacense, Robiatherium cournovense (12840)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais-Picardie) Leptotheridium sp. (177581)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Spain (Castilla y Leon) Leptotheridium indet., Dichodon sp., Dacrytherium sp., Anoplotheriinae indet., Duerotherium sudrei (40358)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0United Kingdom (England) Dichodon sp., Dichodon cervinus, Dacrytherium sp. (39014)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Switzerland (Baselland) Dacrytherium elegans, Leptotheridium traguloides, Catodontherium buxgovianum, Dichodon cartieri, Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31721) Dacrytherium elegans, Leptotheridium traguloides, Catodontherium fallax, Catodontherium buxgovianum, Dichodon cartieri, Haplomeryx egerkingensis, Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31720) Dichodon ruetimeyeri, Dichodon sp., Dacrytherium elegans, Dacrytherium priscum, Catodontherium buxgovianum, Dichodon simplex, Haplomeryx egerkingensis, Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31718)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Rhone-Alpes Region) Dichodon lugdunense, Dacrytherium priscum, Catodontherium fallax, Catodontherium buxgovianum, Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31741)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Spain (Barcelona) Leptotheridium sp., Catodontherium sp. (182219)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Picardie Region) Pseudamphimeryx schlosseri (31584)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Paraxiphodon cournovense, Leptotheridium traguloides, Xiphodon castrense, Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Catodontherium robiacense (31736) Xiphodon castrense, Catodontherium robiacense (183350)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Switzerland (Canton de Vaud) Dichodon sp., Haplomeryx sp., Pseudamphimeryx sp. (182607)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Switzerland Dichodon cervinum, Dichodon subtile, Dacrytherium sp., Dacrytherium elegans, Leptotheridium traguloides, Xiphodon castrense, Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Catodontherium robiacense, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Pseudamphimeryx valdensis (31742)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2Canada (Saskatchewan) Oromerycidae indet. (16845)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2USA (California) Eotylopus sp., Protylopus pearsonensis (16810) Protylopus pearsonensis (16805 16808 16811) Protylopus stocki (16844)
Duchesnean40.4 - 37.2USA (Texas) Eotylopus reedi (16849) Oromeryx sp., Eotylopus reedi (16835)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Midi-Pyrenees Region) Anoplotherium commune, Xiphodon gracile (31749)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Dichodon stehlini, Dacrytherium saturninii, Anoplotherium sp., Anoplotherium latipes, Diplobune secundarium, Anoplotherium commune, Anoplotherium laurillardi, Xiphodon gracile, Amphimeryx murinus, Dichodon frohnstettense (31747)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Switzerland Anoplotherium sp., Diplobune secundaria, Amphimeryx murinus (31743)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Spain (Catalonia) Dichodon cervinum, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum, Xiphodon intermedium, Haplomeryx euzetensis (31751)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Aquitaine Region) Amphimeryx murinus (31754) Diplobune secundaria, Xiphodon gracile, Amphimeryx murinus (31586)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Anoplotherium commune, Xiphodon gracile (31738) Dichodon cervinum, Dacrytherium ovinum, Xiphodon intermedium (31761) Dichodon cervinum, Paraxiphodon teulonense, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum, Haplomeryx euzetensis (31758) Dichodon cervinum, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum, Xiphodon intermedium, Haplomeryx euzetensis (31724) Leptotheridium lugeoni (31757) Paraxiphodon teulonense, Leptotheridium lugeoni (31760)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region Region) Paraxiphodon teulonense, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum (31756)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Amphimeryx murinus (12852) Amphimeryx sp., Dacrytherium saturninii, Xiphodon gracile, Haplomeryx zitteli, Amphimeryx murinus, Dichodon frohnstettense (12842) Anoplotherium sp., Diplobune sp., Xiphodon gracile, Amphimeryx murinus, Dichodon frohnstettense (31765) Anoplotherium sp., Haplomeryx zitteli, Amphimeryx murinus (12854) Anoplotherium sp., Xiphodon gracile, Amphimeryx murinus, Dichodon frohnstettense (31764) Dacrytherium saturninii, Anoplotherium sp., Xiphodon gracile, Haplomeryx zitteli, Amphimeryx murinus (12843) Dacrytherium sp., Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni (31745) Dichodon cervinum (31635) Dichodon cervinum, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Pseudamphimeryx salesmei (31755) Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae, Leptotheridium lugeoni (12849) Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dichodon frohnstettense (31740) Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni (31766) Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Haplomeryx euzetensis (12841)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Switzerland (Solothurn) Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Amphimeryx murinus (31746)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Germany (Baden-Wurttemberg) Anoplotherium sp., Diplobune sp. (31744)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Spain Dichodon cervinum, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum, Xiphodon intermedium, Haplomeryx euzetensis (31750)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Anoplotherium commune, Xiphodon gracile (31607) Anoplotherium laurillardi (41653) Anoplotherium sp. (184762) Anoplotherium sp., Dichodon cuspidatus, Dichodon cervinus (184758) Dichodon cervinum, Dichodon cuspidatum (31608) Dichodon cuspidatus (39643)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Paraxiphodon teulonense, Dacrytherium ovinum, Xiphodon intermedium (31759)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Ile-de-France Region) Anoplotherium commune, Anoplotherium laurillardi, Diplobune secundaria, Xiphodon gracile, Haplomeryx obliquus, Amphimeryx murinus (31739)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees region) Dichodon cervinum, Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni (12853) Dichodon sp., Amphimeryx sp., Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Haplomeryx euzetensis (12848)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Tylopoda indet. (16885)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Eotylopus sp. (16977)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Malaquiferus sp., Eotylopus reedi (16919)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (New Mexico) Montanatylopus matthewi (17032)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Eotylopus reedi (17031)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Texas) Eotylopus reedi (16931 17016) Oromerycidae indet. (16894)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Eotylopus reedi (16898 16960 16961 16962 16963 16964 16965)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Montanatylopus matthewi (16990)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Quercy) Dichodon cervinum, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri, Pseudamphimeryx pavloviae, Leptotheridium lugeoni, Dacrytherium ovinum, Haplomeryx euzetensis (12850)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Anoplotherium commune, Diplobune secundaria, Xiphodon gracile (31737)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Gard) Anoplotherium sp., Anoplotherium laurillardi (206249)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Switzerland Anoplotherium laurillardi (195855)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9France (Occitanie) Amphimeryx sp., Xiphodon gracile (183976)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Anoplotherium latipes (39300) Anoplotherium laurillardi (9071) Catodontherium sp. (40029) Dichodon cervinum (39662) Dichodon cervinus (9070) Dichodon cuspidatus (40030) Xiphodon gracilis, Diplobune sp. (39264) Xiphodon gracilis, Diplobune sp., Anoplotherium commune (41652)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Spain (Castilla y Leon) Xiphodon gracile (40883)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Portugal (Coímbra) Anoplotherium commune, Diplobune secundaria (182272)
MP 17A - MP 17B37.2 - 33.9United Kingdom (England) Anoplotherium sp., Anoplotherium commune (28747)
MP 1837.2 - 33.9France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Dichodon sp., Dacrytherium saturninii, Haplomeryx picteti, Pseudamphimeryx renevieri (12851)
MP 1837.2 - 33.9Spain (Basque County) Haplomeryx sp., Anoplotherium sp., Anoplotherium laurillardi, Xiphodontidae indet. (38817)
MP 18 - MP 1937.2 - 33.9France (Allier) Anoplotherium commune, Xiphodon gracile, Amphimeryx murinus (143459)
MP 1937.2 - 33.9Spain (Catalonia) Dichodon cervinum, Xiphodon gracile, Dichodon frohnstettense (31752)
MP 20 - MP 2137.2 - 28.4France (Occitanie) Anoplotherium latipes, Amphimeryx murinus (183382)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Quercy, Midi-Pyrenees Region) Diplobune sp., Anoplotherium commune (31583)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Aquitaine) Diplobune quercyi (153740)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Germany Dacrytherium ovinum, Diplobune quercyi, Diplobune bavarica (36984)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Auvergne Region) Amphimeryx riparius (31767)
MP 2133.9 - 28.4Spain (Cataluña) Anoplotheriidae indet. (212248)
MP 2333.9 - 28.4France (Quercy) Diplobune minor (36711)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1United Kingdom (England) Anoplotherium sp. (184763)