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Protocyon

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1855Protocyon Giebel
1917Pleurocyon Mercerat
1941Paleospeothos Spillmann
1980Protocyon Kurten and Anderson p. 172
1988Protocyon Carroll
2008Protocyon Wang et al.
2022Protocyon Ruiz-Ramoni et al. p. 105
2023Protocyon Prevosti

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyCaninaeGill 1872
genusProtocyonGiebel 1855

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Protocyon Giebel 1855
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†Protocyon orocualensis Ruiz-Ramoni et al. 2022
†Protocyon scagliarum Kraglievich 1952
†Protocyon tarijensis Ameghino 1902
†Protocyon troglodytes Lund 1938
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Invalid names: Canis lycodes Lund 1843 [synonym], Canis musculosus Ameghino 1882 [synonym], Palaeocyon validus Lund 1843 [synonym], Paleospeothos colomae Spillmann 1942 [synonym], Protocyon orcesi Hoffstetter 1952 [synonym]
Invalid names: Paleospeothos Spillmann 1941 [nomen nudum], Pleurocyon Mercerat 1917 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean
Mandible at m1 height129.7
Mandible at p4 height126.8

Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoref
Diet 2: omnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-22 19:28:06
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Ensenadan to the top of the Lujanian or 1.75000 to 0.01200 Ma

Collections (35 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781Venezuela (Monagas) Protocyon indet. (144977) P. orocualensis (147081)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Argentina (Buenos Aires) P. scagliarum (71304)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Bolivia P. tarijensis (142016)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Bolivia (Tarija ) P. troglodytes (70673)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Ecuador (Chimborazo) P. troglodytes (231073)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Ceara) P. sp. (71301 71302)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Paraiba) P. sp. (71298)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Minas Gerais) P. troglodytes (213204 231069)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) P. troglodytes (92814)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Brazil (Minas Gerais) P. troglodytes (231068)
Ensenadan1.75 - 0.4Bolivia P. sp. (71322)
Ensenadan1.75 - 0.4Argentina (Buenos Aires) P. scagliarum (212780) P. sp. (199170) P. troglodytes (231071)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Buenos Aires) P. troglodytes (142142)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Chaco) P. troglodytes (78581)
Lujanian (interglacial)0.781 - 0.012Uruguay (Salto) P. troglodytes (140159)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Argentina (Santa Fe) P. sp. (231074)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Brazil (Paraná) P. troglodytes (231072)
Lujanian0.781 - 0.012Brazil (Ceará) P. troglodytes (231070)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Bolivia (Chuquisaca) P. troglodytes (70704)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Piaui) P. troglodytes (71332)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Bolivia (Tarija) P. troglodytes, P. tarijensis (142327)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Ecuador (Santa Elena) P. orcesi (133630)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Argentina P. troglodytes (183973)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Argentina (Santa Fé) P. sp. (189523)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Pernambuco) P. troglodites (230715)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico (Quintana Roo) Canis latrans (212361)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial)0.129 - 0.0117Venezuela (Zulia) P. sp., P. troglodytes (63515)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) P. troglodytes (147598)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Bahia) P. troglodytes (71313)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte) P. troglodytes (148309)