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Eucyon

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1996Eucyon Tedford and Qiu
2006Eucyon Spassov and Rook
2008Eucyon García
2008Eucyon Wang et al.
2009Eucyon Tedford et al. p. 89
2010Eucyon Werdelin and Peigne p. 615
2014Eucyon Werdelin et al.
2019Eucyon May
2022Eucyon Koufos
2022Eucyon Valenciano et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyCaninaeGill 1872
tribeCaniniFischer de Waldheim 1817
genusEucyon

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Eucyon Tedford and Qiu 1996
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†Eucyon adoxus Martin 1971
†Eucyon davisi Merriam 1911
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Invalid names: Canis condoni Shotwell 1956 [synonym], Leptocyon shermanensis Hibbard 1937 [synonym]
†Eucyon debonisi Montoya et al. 2009
†Eucyon ferox Miller and Carranza-Castaneda 1998
†Eucyon intrepidus Morales et al. 2005
†Eucyon khoikhoi Valenciano et al. 2022
†Eucyon kuta Werdelin et al. 2014
†Eucyon marinae Spassov and Rook 2006
†Eucyon minor Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Eucyon monticinensis Rook 1992
†Eucyon odessanus Odintzov 1967
†Eucyon skinneri Tedford et al. 2009
†Eucyon wokari García 2008
†Eucyon zhoui Tedford and Qiu 1996
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. H. Tedford et al. 2009Eucyon has no autapo- morphies but is distinguished from the fossil and living Vulpini and the Cerdocyonina by possession of synapomorphies also present in all other members of the Canina: frontal sinus invading base of postorbital process removing ‘‘vulpine-crease’’ or depression from dorsal surface of process; paroccipital process expanded posteriorly usually with salient tip; mastoid process enlarged as knob or ridgelike prominence; loss of foxlike lateral flare and eversion of dorsal border of orbital part of zygoma.
Primitive characters retained by Eucyon relative to those of most species of Canis are: frontal sinus less posteriorly extended, ends anterior to frontoparietal suture and does not completely invade postorbital process; supra- occipital shield fan-shaped, inion broad and not strongly overhanging condyles; I3 less enlarged relative to I2 with weaker postero- medial cingulum; M1 paracone and meta- cone subequal in size; M2 metaconule weak or absent, postprotocrista present; m1 ento- conid and hypoconid usually not joined by transverse crest; angular process of mandib- ular ramus less expanded with smaller fossa for inferior pterygoid muscle; forelimb short relative to hindlimb, radius/tibia ratio less than 80%; and humerus often with entepi- condylar foramen.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoreg
Diet 2: omnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: "meat/non-vertebrate group" (Van Valkenburgh 1988: based on "Canis" davisi)g
Created: 2009-01-04 14:34:38
Modified: 2009-01-04 16:36:09
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Nowak 1991, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the early Early Hemphillian to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 10.30000 to 2.58800 Ma

Collections (70 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) E. skinneri (18214)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Texas) E. sp. (18623)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Mongolia (Great Lake Depression) E. davisi (197941)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Italy (Cuneo) E. monticinensis (175903)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Kenya E. intrepidus (230935)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene11.608 - 3.6Greece (Thessaloniki) E. odessanus (182683)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oregon) Canis condoni (18970) Canis davisi (18936 18943 18944 19116)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oklahoma) Canis ferox, Canis davisi (18304)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (New Mexico) Canis davisi (19533)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) Canis ferox (18718)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nevada) Canis davisi (18900) E. davisi (19095)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Arizona) E. davisi (19272)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) E. davisi (19480)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) E. davisi (18560)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Kansas) Canis davisi (18166 18342) Leptocyon shermanensis (18140)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Hidalgo) Canis ferox (212307)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Washington) E. davisi (232055)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) Canis davisi (18097)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Jalisco) Canis ferox (18745 189788 189790)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) Canis davisi (18247) Canis lepophagus (18126) E. davisi (35430)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) E. davisi (18532)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Arizona) Canis ferox, Canis davisi (19612) Canis ferox, Canis sp. (19514) Canis sp. (19610)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (California) E. davisi (19582)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Chihuahua) Canis ferox, E. davisi (18755)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) Canis sp. (18036) E. davisi (18340)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (New Mexico) Canis sp. (19473)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9Mexico (Guanajuato) Canis ferox (18713 18737)
early Early Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) E. sp. (19538)
Turolian8.7 - 5.333Spain (Valencia) Nyctereutes donnezani, Canis sp. (40758)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Ravenna) E. monticinensis (144566)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Spain (Murcia) E. monticinensis (185681)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6Canada (Northwest Territories) E. davisi (20083)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6South Africa E. khoikhoi (230934)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Ethiopia E. kuta (230945 230946) E. wokari (230941 230944)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Mongolia (Bayanhongor) E. marinae (230933)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588USA (Idaho) Canis ferox (181255)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Washington) Canis davisi (20063)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Idaho) Canis lepophagus (19832 19836 19868 19902 19906)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nebraska) Canis sp. (19959 19960)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Kansas) Canis ferox (19925) Canis lepophagus (19936)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588China (Shanxi) E. davisi (230804 230919) E. zhoui (230920 230921 230922)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781China (Hebei) E. minor (231023)