PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Microsyops

Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae

Taxonomy

Microsyops was named by Leidy (1872). It is not extant. It is the type genus of Microsyopidae.

It was assigned to Omnivora by Leidy (1873); to Pseudolemuridae by Schlosser (1877); to Limnotheriidae by Hay (1902); to Microsyopsidae by Wortman (1903) and Hay (1930); to Mixodectidae by Osborn (1902) and Stock (1938); to Microsyopinae by Stock (1934) and Gunnell (1989); and to Microsyopidae by Leidy (1872), Van Valen (1967) and McKenna and Bell (1997).

Species

M. angustidens (syn. Cynodontomys alfi), M. annectens (syn. M. schlosseri), M. cardiorestes, M. elegans (syn. Palaeacodon verus, Bathrodon typus, Mesacodon speciosus, M. gracilis), M. knightensis, M. kratos, M. latidens (syn. Notharctus cingulatus, Notharctus palmidens), M. scottianus

Synonyms

Bathrodon was named by Marsh (1872).

It was synonymized subjectively with Microsyops by Osborn (1902), Hay (1930), Van Valen (1967), Szalay (1969), Gunnell (1985) and Gunnell (1989).

It was assigned to Limnotheriidae by Hay (1902).
Cynodontomys was named by Cope (1882). Its type is Cynodontomys latidens.

It was synonymized subjectively with Microsyops by Szalay (1969), Guthrie (1971), Bown and Rose (1976), Gunnell (1985) and Gunnell (1989).

It was assigned to Prosimiae by Cope (1882); to Mixodectidae by Osborn (1902) and Hay (1902); to Microsyopsidae by Hay (1930); to Microsyopinae by Stock (1934); and to Microsyopidae by Van Valen (1967).
Mesacodon was named by Marsh (1872).

It was synonymized subjectively with Microsyops by Osborn (1902), Hay (1930), Van Valen (1967), Szalay (1969), Gunnell (1985) and Gunnell (1989).

It was assigned to Limnotheriidae by Hay (1902).
Palaeacodon was named by Leidy (1872).

It was synonymized subjectively with Microsyops by Osborn (1902), Hay (1930), Van Valen (1967), Szalay (1969), Gunnell (1985) and Gunnell (1989).

It was assigned to Insectivora by Leidy (1873); and to Limnotheriidae by Hay (1902).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1872	Microsyops Leidy
1872	Palaeacodon Leidy
1872	Bathrodon Marsh
1872	Mesacodon Marsh
1872	Bathrodon Marsh p. 211
1872	Mesacodon Marsh p. 212
1873	Microsyops Leidy p. 320
1873	Palaeacodon Leidy p. 336
1877	Microsyops Schlosser p. 34
1882	Cynodontomys Cope p. 151
1902	Cynodontomys Hay p. 788
1902	Microsyops Hay p. 791
1902	Bathrodon Hay p. 793
1902	Mesacodon Hay p. 794
1902	Palaeacodon Hay p. 794
1902	Cynodontomys Osborn p. 205
1902	Microsyops Osborn p. 205
1903	Microsyops Wortman p. 352
1930	Cynodontomys Hay p. 449
1930	Microsyops Hay p. 449
1934	Cynodontomys Stock p. 351
1934	Microsyops Stock p. 351
1938	Microsyops Stock p. 288
1967	Cynodontomys Van Valen
1967	Microsyops Van Valen
1989	Microsyops Gunnell p. 91
1997	Microsyops McKenna and Bell

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Euarchontoglires	Murphy et al. 2001
—	Euarchonta
order	Primates
family	Microsyopidae	Osborn and Wortman 1892
subfamily	Microsyopinae	Osborn and Wortman 1892
genus	Microsyops	Leidy 1872

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Microsyops Leidy 1872

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†Microsyops angustidens Matthew 1915

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Invalid names: Cynodontomys alfi McKenna 1960 [synonym]

†Microsyops annectens Marsh 1872

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Invalid names: Microsyops schlosseri Wortman 1903 [synonym]

†Microsyops cardiorestes Gunnell 1989

†Microsyops elegans Marsh 1871

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Invalid names: Bathrodon typus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Mesacodon speciosus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Microsyops gracilis Leidy 1872 [synonym], Palaeacodon verus Leidy 1872 [synonym]

†Microsyops knightensis Gazin 1952

†Microsyops kratos Stock 1938

†Microsyops latidens Cope 1882

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Invalid names: Notharctus cingulatus Loomis 1906 [synonym], Notharctus palmidens Loomis 1906 [synonym]

†Microsyops scottianus Cope 1881

Invalid names: Bathrodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Cynodontomys Cope 1882 [synonym], Mesacodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Palaeacodon Leidy 1872 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

arborealo

Diet:

omnivoreo

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-26 13:27:51

Modified:

2005-08-26 15:27:51

Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Graybullian to the top of the Early/Lower Uintan or 55.80000 to 39.70000 Ma

Collections (222 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Graybullian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	M. angustidens (15701)
Lostcabinian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	M. scottianus (15901 15930 15997 16001 16005 16073 16076 16078) M. sp., M. scottianus (15915 15917)
Lysitean	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Colorado)	Cynodontomys knightensis (15654)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Colorado)	Cynodontomys alfi (15450 15480 15660 15725 15845 15865 15870 15887) Cynodontomys knightensis (15652) Cynodontomys knightensis, Cynodontomys scottianus (15650) Cynodontomys scottianus (15649) M. angustidens (15357) M. latidens (15224 15225 15226 15293 15366 15371 15377 15388 15390) M. scottianus (15420 15422) M. wilsoni (15223 15280)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (Wyoming)	Cynodontomys angustidens (15455 15656 15723) Cynodontomys elegans (15906 15910) Cynodontomys knightensis (15662) Cynodontomys latidens (15842 15964) Cynodontomys scottianus (15710) Cynodontomys sp. (15657 15661 15846 15893 15894 15958 15996 16074 16392) M. angustidens (15694 15702 15703 15707 15769 15778 15785 15803 15805 15806 15807 15814 46707 46749 46767 46776 46820 46843 88209) M. angustidens, M. cardiorestes (15573 15577 15692 15811) M. cardiorestes (46728 46736 46754) Microsyops indet. (15673) M. knightensis (15454 27268 46705) M. knightensis, M. latidens (186944) M. latidens (15552 15559 15575 15576 15578 15687 15717 46692 46699 46700 46701 46706 46711 46714 46746 46810 46811 46847 46849 46851 186937 186945) M. latidens, M. scottianus (15937) M. scottianus (15456 15486 15665 15711 15839 15841 15851 15852 15902 15942)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (North Dakota)	Cynodontomys angustidens (15895)
Wasatchian	55.8 - 50.3	USA (New Mexico)	M. angustidens, M. latidens (15663)
Early/Lower Eocene	55.8 - 48.6	USA (Wyoming)	M. angustidens (15700) M. latidens (15680 15684 15685 15690 15691)
Wasatchian - Bridgerian	55.8 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	M. scottianus (16435 16436)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Cynodontomys sp. (16390) M. annectens (16138 16139 16244 16647) M. annectens, M. elegans (16137) M. elegans (16079 16081 16095 16098 16100 16107 16108 16109 16111 16113 16114 16116 16203 16219 16223 16232 16245 16257 16258 16262 16265 16270 16276 16291 16293 16300 16302 16305 16309 16310 16313 16314 16315 16320 16331 16340 16346 16351 16352 16355 16393 16409 16438 16441 16444 16484 16488 16490 16494 16499 16500 16504) M. elegans, M. alfi (16280) M. elegans, M. gracilis (16228) M. knightensis, M. scottianus (15837) M. scottianus (16207 16254 16388 16397 16415) M. sp. (16204 16209 16224 16227 16496 16498) Palaeacodon verus (106325)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Colorado)	Cynodontomys knightensis (16239 16240 16241) M. sp. (16251)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Utah)	M. sp. (16396)
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Colorado)	M. sp., M. annectens (16623)
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	M. annectens (16586 16651)
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (California)	M. annectens (16706 16752) M. kratos (16665 16684 16726 16745)
Late/Upper Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	M. sp. (16542)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	M. annectens (16587 16652) M. sp. (16624)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Wyoming)	M. annectens (16645)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	M. sp. (213066)