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Dermoptera (colugo)
Taxonomy
Dermoptera was named by Illinger (1811). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Beard (1991) and Janecka et al. (2007).
It was reranked as the suborder Dermoptera by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Van Valen (1967).
It was assigned to Insectivora by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Van Valen (1967); to Archonta by McKenna (1975); to Archonta by Gregory (1910) and Gunnell (1989); to Eutheria by Nowak (1991) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Euarchonta by Madsen et al. (2001); to Mammalia by Wilson and Reeder (2005); to Primatomorpha by Beard (1991), Waddell et al. (1999), Waddell et al. (2001) and Janecka et al. (2007); and to Sundatheria by Bloch et al. (2007) and Asher and Helgen (2010).
It was reranked as the suborder Dermoptera by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Van Valen (1967).
It was assigned to Insectivora by Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Van Valen (1967); to Archonta by McKenna (1975); to Archonta by Gregory (1910) and Gunnell (1989); to Eutheria by Nowak (1991) and McKenna and Bell (1997); to Euarchonta by Madsen et al. (2001); to Mammalia by Wilson and Reeder (2005); to Primatomorpha by Beard (1991), Waddell et al. (1999), Waddell et al. (2001) and Janecka et al. (2007); and to Sundatheria by Bloch et al. (2007) and Asher and Helgen (2010).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1811 | Dermoptera Illinger |
| 1821 | Pterophorae Gray p. 300 |
| 1858 | Ptenopleura Van der Hoeven |
| 1891 | Dermoptera Flower and Lydekker p. 92 |
| 1910 | Dermoptera Gregory p. 465 |
| 1967 | Dermoptera Van Valen |
| 1975 | Dermoptera McKenna p. 42 |
| 1989 | Dermoptera Gunnell p. 147 |
| 1991 | Dermoptera Beard |
| 1991 | Dermoptera Nowak |
| 1997 | Dermoptera McKenna and Bell |
| 1999 | Dermoptera Waddell et al. p. cover |
| 2001 | Dermoptera Madsen et al. p. 612 |
| 2001 | Dermoptera Waddell et al. p. 148 |
| 2005 | Dermoptera Wilson and Reeder |
| 2007 | Dermoptera Bloch et al. p. 1162 |
| 2007 | Dermoptera Janecka et al. |
| 2010 | Dermoptera Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Dermoptera Illinger 1811 [colugo]
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G. †Dermotherium Ducrocq et al. 1992
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†Dermotherium chimaera Marivaux et al. 2006
†Dermotherium major Ducrocq et al. 1992
Subor. Eudermoptera Beard 1993 [true dermopteran]
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Infraor. Colugodontiformes Beard 1993 [colugo]
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Fm. Galeopithecidae Gray 1821
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Invalid names: Colugidae Miller 1906 [synonym], Cynocephalidae Simpson 1945 [synonym], Galeopithecina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Galeopteridae Thomas 1908 [synonym], Pleuropteridae Burnett 1829 [synonym], Pterocebineae Lesson 1840 [synonym]
Invalid names: Paromomyiformes Szalay 1973 [empty]
G. †Plagiomene Matthew 1918
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†Plagiomene accola Rose 1981
†Plagiomene multicuspis Matthew 1918
†Plagiomene zalmouti Secord 2008
Invalid names: Galeopithecia Jaekel 1911 [synonym], Galeopithecoidea Gray 1821 [empty], Ptenopleura Van der Hoeven 1858 [synonym], Pterophorae Gray 1821 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ti1 to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 61.70000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 60.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 60.9 Ma
Collections (74 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| To2 | Canada (Alberta) | Elpidophorus minor (14894) Elpidophorus sp. (99007) | |
| Torrejonian | USA (Montana) | Elpidophorus minor (14913) | |
| Torrejonian | Canada (Alberta) | Elpidophorus elegans (194574) Elpidophorus minor (143200) | |
| Ti1 | Canada (Alberta) | Elpidophorus elegans (14939) | |
| Ti3 | Canada (Alberta) | Elpidophorus elegans (14928 14992) | |
| Tiffanian | USA (Montana) | Elpidophorus elegans (14937 15025) Elpidophorus patratus (15037 15064) Elpidophorus sp. (15048) | |
| Tiffanian | Canada (Alberta) | Elpidophorus elegans (14929 14949 14954 14957 14959 14973 14995) | |
| Tiffanian | USA (Wyoming) | Elpidophorus elegans (15017 15034) Elpidophorus minor (15067) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Wyoming) | Plagiomene zalmouti (188220) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (Wyoming) | Plagiomene accola (15084 15091 15107 15112 15190 15192) Plagiomene accola, Worlandia inusitata (15082) Planetetherium mirabile (15092 15140) Planetetherium sp. (15072) Worlandia inusitata (15085 15103) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (Montana) | Planetetherium mirabile (15079) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Plagiomene multicuspis (15510 15517 15518 15520 15522 15523 15524 15532 15682 15694 15695 15697 15702 15705 15729 15790 15897 46698 46730 46749 46760 46773 46797 46831 46832) | |
| Wasatchian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Ellesmene eureka (15583) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Worlandia sp. (15081) | |
| Duchesnean | USA (Montana) | Dermoptera indet. (16854) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Thailand | Dermotherium major (49078) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Thailand (Phetchaburi) | Dermoptera indet. (71985) | |
| Langhian | Kenya | Galeopithecidae indet. (22077) | |
| Zanclean | Ethiopia | Galeopithecidae indet. (22174) | |
| Pliocene | South Africa | Galeopithecidae indet. (22660) | |
| Gelasian | Ethiopia | Galeopithecidae indet. (21999 22040) | |
| Calabrian | Tanzania | Galeopithecidae indet. (22464) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Ethiopia | Galeopithecidae indet. (22156) |