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Acanthopteri

Actinopteri - Acanthopteri

Taxonomy
Acanthopteri is an order. It is extant.

It was assigned to Vertebrata by Owen (1859); and to Teleostei by Leidy (1873).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1859Acanthopteri Owen p. 127
1873Acanthopteri Leidy p. 288

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
RankNameAuthor
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
orderAcanthopteri
orderAcanthopteri

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Subor. †Cycloidei Owen 1859
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G. †Smerdis Agassiz 1833
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†Smerdis latior Agassiz 1836
†Smerdis macrurus Agassiz 1834
†Smerdis micracanthus Agassiz 1835
†Smerdis minutus de Blainville 1818
†Smerdis pygmaeus Agassiz 1836
†Smerdis ventralis Agassiz 1836
Fm. Sphyraenidae [barracuda]
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G. †Parasphyraena Switchenska 1968
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†Parasphyraena apscheronica Switchenska 1968
G. Sphyraena Artedi 1793 [barracuda]
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†Sphyraena amici Agassiz 1843
Sphyraena argentea Girard 1854
Sphyraena barracuda Edwards 1771
†Sphyraena bognorensis Casier 1966
†Sphyraena bolcensis Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Sphyraena gracilis Agassiz 1843 [synonym]
†Sphyraena crassidens de Beaufort 1926
†Sphyraena croatica Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
†Sphyraena cunhai Silva-Santos and Travassos 1960
†Sphyraena egleri Silva-Santos and Travassos 1960
†Sphyraena fajumensis Dames 1883
†Sphyraena hansfuchsi Schubert 1906
†Sphyraena intermedia Bassani 1889
†Sphyraena kugleri Casier 1966
†Sphyraena longimana Arambourg 1966
†Sphyraena lugardi White 1926
†Sphyraena major Leidy 1855
†Sphyraena malembeensis Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Sphyraena muelleri Schwarzhans 1994
†Sphyraena pannonica Weiler 1938
†Sphyraena senni Casier 1966
†Sphyraena sternbergensis Winkler 1975
†Sphyraena striata Casier 1946
†Sphyraena substriata Münster 1846
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Invalid names: Saurocephalus inequalis Münster 1846 [synonym], Sphyraena olisiponensis Jonet 1966 [synonym]
†Sphyraena suessi Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
†Sphyraena tyrolensis von Meyer 1863
†Sphyraena viannai Dartevelle and Casier 1949
†Sphyraena viennensis Steindachner 1859
†Sphyraena weberi Leriche 1954
†Sphyraena winkleri Lawley 1876
Invalid names: Ctenoidei Owen 1859 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian to the top of the Holocene or 70.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (103 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Maharashtra) Sphyraena sp. (58102)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Sphyraena bognorensis (13299)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8India (Gujarat) Sphyraena sp. (71438)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Italy Sphyraena bolcensis (94830)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium Sphyraena sp., Sphyraena striata (219001)
Ypresian - Lutetian56.0 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Sphyraena sp. (81179 209524)
Eocene56.0 - 33.9Pakistan Sphyraena sp. (79971)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Virginia) Sphyraena bognorensis (15595)
Early/Lower Eocene - Middle Eocene55.8 - 37.71United Kingdom (England) Sphyraena sp. (3257)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) Sphyraena sp. (209371)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Alabama) Sphyraena sp. (13346 209368 209521 209522)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Ukraine Sphyraena sp. (211009)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France (Languedoc-Roussillon Region) Smerdis sp. (31735)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Nigeria Sphyraena lugardi (60711)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Germany (Lower Saxony,) Sphyraena fluctuosa (188954)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Sphyraena major (61249)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Louisiana) Sphyraena major (3534)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Sphyraena sp. (81266 176944 209520)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Nigeria Sphyraena lugardi (32905)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Louisiana) Sphyraena major (55251 75638) Sphyraena sp. (32925)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Western Sahara Sphyraena sp. (96686 96688)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Barbados Sphyraena kugleri (220747) Sphyraena senni (220738) Sphyraena sp. (205153 220741 220742) Sphyraena sp., Sphyraena kugleri (220740 220745)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Georgia) Sphyraena sp. (45640)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Arkansas) Sphyraena sp. (16549)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Barbados Sphyraena sp., Sphyraena kugleri, Sphyraena senni (220735)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France Sphyraena sp. (69805)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Hungary Sphyraena pannonica (124377)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (South Carolina) Sphyraena sp. (60444 224900)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Sphyraena sp. (68021)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Florida) Sphyraena sp. (17341)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (South Carolina) Sphyraenidae indet. (97550)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Mississippi) Sphyraena sp. (49872)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Sphyraena sp., Smerdis rhenanus (32012)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Hungary (Esztergom) Sphyraena sp. (186636)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97India (Gujarat) Sphyraena sp. (65798)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil Sphyraena cunhai (112581)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Indonesia (Maros) Sphyraenidae indet., Sphyraena crassidens (187654)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Costa Rica Sphyraena sp. (187875)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Brazil (Para) Sphyraena cunhai, Sphyraena egleri (65162)
Aquitanian - Langhian23.03 - 13.82USA (North Carolina) Sphyraena barracuda (48887)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Pakistan (Balochistan) Sphyraena sp. (77783)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Italy Sphyraena sp. (70814)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (La Guajira) Sphyraena sp. (157343 163055) Sphyraenidae sp. (166506)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Saudi Arabia Sphyraena sp. (47026)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Venezuela (Lara) Sphyraena sp. (145379)
Burdigalian - Tortonian20.44 - 7.246France Sphyraena olisiponensis (187577)
Early/Lower Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Florida) Sphyraena sp. (18538)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Azerbaijan Parasphyraena sp., Parasphyraena apscheronica (116636)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82France Sphyraena sp. (90354)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Colombia (La Guajira) Sphyraena sp. (156515)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Mexico (Baja California) Sphyraena sp., Sphyraena barracuda (52183)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82USA (Virginia) Sphyraena barracuda (79793)
MN 515.97 - 13.65Austria Sphyraena sp. (51002)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608India (Orissa) Sphyraena obtusata (46365)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Slovakia (Bratislava) Sphyraena sp. (58983)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Virginia) Sphyraena barracuda (126605 187324)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Poland Sphyraena substriata (162017)
Badenian13.65 - 12.7Czech Republic (Mikulov) Sphyraena sphyraena, Sphyraena substriata (161993) Sphyraena substriata (161995)
Early/Lower Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Florida) Sphyraena sp. (161374)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Venezuela Sphyraena sp. (200110)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Peru (Arequipa) Sphyraenidae indet. (45485)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246USA (Virginia) Sphyraena barracuda (152251)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Panama Sphyraena barracuda (24237)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Costa Rica (Limon) Sphyraena barracuda (162678)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Portugal Sphyraena olisiponenesis (56459)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Peru Sphyraenidae indet. (13079)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Sphyraena sp. (151681)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (Florida) Sphyraena barracuda (46369)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6Libya Sphyraenidae indet. (136597)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (North Carolina) Sphyraena barracuda (52582)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Angola Sphyraena barracuda (154111)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Jamaica Sphyraena sp. (186673)
Opoitian - Mangapanian5.333 - 2.4New Zealand (North Island) Sphyraena sp. (219628)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Australia (Victoria) Sphyraena novaehollandiae (204328)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Florida) Sphyraena barracuda (20400)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Sphyraena argentea (59063 190889)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Sphyraena sp. (20604)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Sphyraena sp. (57706 73485)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Sphyraena sp. (188304)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene0.129 - 0.0Greece (Argolida) Sphyraena sphyraena (182709)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Turks and Caicos Islands Sphyraena sp., Sphyraena barracuda (209855)