PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Ophiacodontidae (ophiacodont)

Ophiacodontidae

Taxonomy

Ophiacodontidae was named by Nopsca (1923). It is not extant. Its type is Ophiacodon.

It was reranked as the order Ophiacodontidae by Gardiner (1982).

It was assigned to Poliosauriformes by Hay (1930); to Ophiacodontia by Kuhn (1946); to Ophiacodontia by Nopcsa (1923), Lewis and Vaughn (1965) and Kuhn (1966); to Captorhinomorpha by Gardiner (1982); to Eupelycosauria by Kemp (1982) and Reisz (1986); to Pelycosauria by Carroll (1988); and to Eupelycosauria by Kissel and Lehman (2002).

Subtaxa

Archaeothyris, Arribasaurus, Baldwinonus, Clepsydropinae, Clepsydrops (syn. Archaeobelus), Diopeus, Elcabrosaurus, Ophiacodon (syn. Poliosaurus, Theropleura, Winfieldia) (type genus), Scoliomus, Stereophallodon, Stereorhachis, Varanosaurus (syn. Poecilospondylus)

Synonyms

Poliosauridae was named by Case (1907). It is not extant. Its type is Poliosaurus.

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Ophiacodontia by Romer and Price (1940); it was synonymized subjectively with Ophiacodontidae by Kuhn (1946) and Kuhn (1966).

It was assigned to Pelycosauria by Case (1907) and Case (1910); and to Poliosauriformes by Hay (1930).
Clepsydropidae was named by Cope (1878).

It was synonymized subjectively with Sphenacodontidae by Hay (1930); it was synonymized subjectively with Ophiacodontidae by Kuhn (1946) and Kuhn (1966).

It was assigned to Pelycosauria by Cope (1878), Hay (1902) and Case (1907); and to Theriodontia by Perrier (1928).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1878	Clepsydropidae Cope p. 529
1902	Clepsydropidae Hay p. 431
1907	Clepsydropidae Case
1907	Poliosauridae Case
1910	Poliosauridae Case p. 183
1923	Ophiacodontidae Nopcsa p. 18
1923	Ophiacodontidae Nopsca
1928	Clepsydropidae Perrier p. 3085
1930	Poliosauridae Hay p. 47
1930	Ophiacodontidae Hay p. 49
1946	Ophiacodontidae Kuhn p. 56
1965	Ophiacodontidae Lewis and Vaughn p. C26
1966	Ophiacodontidae Kuhn p. 118
1982	Ophiacodontidae Gardiner p. 228
1982	Ophiacodontidae Kemp p. 348
1986	Ophiacodontidae Reisz p. 66
1988	Ophiacodontidae Carroll
2002	Ophiacodontidae Kissel and Lehman p. 536

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
suborder	Eupelycosauria
family	Ophiacodontidae	Nopsca 1923
family	Ophiacodontidae	Nopsca 1923

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Ophiacodontidae Nopsca 1923 [ophiacodont]

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G. †Archaeothyris Reisz 1972

†Archaeothyris florensis Reisz 1972

G. †Baldwinonus Romer and Price 1940

†Baldwinonus dunkardensis Romer 1952

†Baldwinonus trux Romer and Price 1940

G. †Clepsydrops Cope 1875

†Clepsydrops collettii Cope 1875

Invalid names: Archaeobelus vellicatus Cope 1877 [synonym], Clepsydrops pedunculatus Cope 1877 [synonym]

†Clepsydrops magnus Romer 1961

†Clepsydrops vinslovii Cope 1877

Invalid names: Captorhinus illinoisensis Williston 1911 [synonym]

Invalid names: Archaeobelus Cope 1877 [synonym]

G. †Diopeus Cope 1892

G. †Elcabrosaurus Case 1907

†Elcabrosaurus baldwini Case 1907

G. †Ophiacodon Marsh 1878

†Ophiacodon hilli Romer 1925

†Ophiacodon major Romer and Price 1940

†Ophiacodon mirus Marsh 1878

†Ophiacodon navajovicus Case 1907

†Ophiacodon retroversus Cope 1878

Invalid names: Clepsydrops leptocephalus Cope 1884 [synonym], Theropleura triangulata Cope 1878 [synonym], Therosaurus watsoni von Huene 1925 [synonym]

†Ophiacodon uniformis Cope 1878

Invalid names: Poliosaurus Case 1907 [synonym], Theropleura Cope 1878 [synonym], Winfieldia Romer 1925 [synonym]

G. †Stereophallodon Romer 1937

†Stereophallodon ciscoensis Romer 1937

G. †Stereorhachis Gaudry 1880

†Stereorhachis dominans Gaudry 1880

G. †Varanosaurus Broili 1904

†Varanosaurus acutirostris Broili 1904

Invalid names: Poecilospondylus francisi Case 1910 [synonym]

†Varanosaurus wichitaensis Romer 1937

Invalid names: Poecilospondylus Case 1910 [synonym]

Invalid names: Clepsydropidae Cope 1878 [synonym], Poliosauridae Case 1907 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialuc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Created:

2017-04-17 15:15:35

Modified:

2017-04-17 15:15:35

Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Westphalian D to the top of the Leonardian or 309.80000 to 273.01000 Ma

Collections (75 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Westphalian C - Westphalian D	314.6 - 307.5	Canada (Nova Scotia)	Clepsydrops sp., Archaeothyris florensis (80111)
Westphalian D	309.8 - 307.5	USA (Ohio)	Archaeothyris sp. (85292)
Westphalian D	309.8 - 307.5	Czech Republic (Pilsen)	Archaeothyris sp. (84835)
Stephanian	307.5 - 300.4	France (Bourgogne)	Stereorhachis dominans (80716)
Kasimovian - Kungurian	307.0 - 272.3	USA (Utah)	Ophiacodon navajovicus (218159)
Missourian	306.0 - 303.7	USA (Illinois)	Clepsydrops sp., Archaeobelus vellicatus, Clepsydrops collettii, Clepsydrops vinslovii, Clepsydrops pedunculatus, Captorhinus illinoisensis (80714)
Missourian - Virgilian	306.0 - 298.9	USA (Pennsylvania)	Clepsydrops magnus (173987)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (New Mexico)	Elcabrosaurus baldwini, Dimetrodon navajovicus, Baldwinonus trux, Ophiacodon navajovicus (34761)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Oklahoma)	Ophiacodon mirus (13947)
Virgilian	303.7 - 298.9	USA (Kansas)	Ophiacodon sp. (215555)
Gzhelian - Sakmarian	303.7 - 290.1	USA (New Mexico)	Ophiacodon sp. (180989)
Virgilian - Wolfcampian	303.7 - 286.0	USA (New Mexico)	Ophiacodon mirus (77412)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	United Kingdom (England)	Ophiacodon sp. (89649)
Asselian	298.9 - 295.5	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon retroversus (79163)
Asselian - Sakmarian	298.9 - 290.1	USA (Ohio)	Baldwinonus dunkardensis (80720)
Asselian - Sakmarian	298.9 - 290.1	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon uniformis, Ophiacodon retroversus (11165)
Asselian - Sakmarian	298.9 - 290.1	USA (Utah)	Ophiacodon navajovicus (13257)
Wolfcampian	298.9 - 286.0	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon uniformis, Ophiacodon retroversus, Theropleura uniformis (79162) Stereophallodon ciscoensis (80723)
Wolfcampian	298.9 - 286.0	USA (New Mexico)	Ophiacodon mirus (80833 85337 85433 180106 180383 180384 180940) Ophiacodon sp. (180382 180974 181075 181077 181078)
Wolfcampian	298.9 - 286.0	USA (Colorado)	Ophiacodon sp. (85476)
Wolfcampian - Leonardian	298.9 - 273.01	USA (Utah)	Ophiacodon sp. (80110)
Permian	298.9 - 251.902	USA (Oklahoma)	Ophiacodon retroversus (221391)
Sakmarian	293.52 - 290.1	USA (Ohio)	Ophiacodon uniformis (94802)
Sakmarian	293.52 - 290.1	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon major (28120) Ophiacodon retroversus (28123) Theropleura sp. (28121 28124)
Sakmarian - Artinskian	293.52 - 279.3	USA (Kansas)	Winfieldia hilli (80732)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon retroversus (28238) Ophiacodon retroversus, Theropleura retroversa, Theropleura triangulata (28142) Ophiacodon retroversus, Theropleura sp. (28150) Ophiacodon sp. (22714) Ophiacodon uniformis, Ophiacodon retroversus (84716) Ophiacodon uniformis, Ophiacodon retroversus, Varanosaurus wichitaensis (28146) Ophiacodon uniformis, Theropleura sp. (13080) Theropleura sp. (28141 28149 28239) Therosaurus watsoni, Ophiacodon uniformis, Ophiacodon retroversus (28145) Varanosaurus sp., Ophiacodon major, Theropleura retroversa, Clepsydrops leptocephalus (28148)
Artinskian	290.1 - 279.3	USA (Oklahoma)	Ophiacodon sp. (220872)
Artinskian - Kungurian	290.1 - 272.3	USA (Oklahoma)	Ophiacodon major (85733)
Artinskian - Kungurian	290.1 - 272.3	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon major (85299 85300) Theropleura sp. (28241 28249 28252 28253) Theropleura sp., Varanosaurus sp. (28250)
Leonardian	286.0 - 273.01	USA (Oklahoma)	Clepsydrops sp., Poliosaurus uniformis (87054) Ophiacodon retroversus (180991) Ophiacodon sp. (84941) Ophiacodon uniformis (85567)
Leonardian	286.0 - 273.01	USA (Texas)	Ophiacodon major, Ophiacodon uniformis (80690)
Kungurian	279.3 - 272.3	USA (Texas)	Poecilospondylus francisi, Varanosaurus acutirostris (28256) Theropleura sp. (28261 28264 28270 28273 28276 28277) Theropleura sp., Poliosaurus sp. (28272) Varanosaurus acutirostris, Theropleura sp. (28267)