PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dryptosaurus

Reptilia

Taxonomy

Dryptosaurus was named by Marsh (1877).

It was synonymized subjectively with Laelaps by Zittel (1890) and Nopcsa (1901).

It was assigned to Ornithoscelida by Williston (1878); to Theropoda by Osborn (1905); to Carnosauria by Huene (1923); to Aublysodontinae by Nopcsa (1928); to Deinodontinae by Matthew and Brown (1922) and Hay (1930); to Dinodontidae by Russell (1930) and Rapp (1944); to Deinodontidae by Lull (1924) and Gilmore (1946); to Coeluridae by Miller (1955); to Theropoda by Ostrom (1965); to Tyrannosauridae by Baird and Horner (1979) and Molnar (1980); to Megalosauridae by Sauvage (1882), Vetter (1884), Dollo (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1888), Depéret (1899), Depéret (1900), Gautier (1901), Hay (1902), Lambe (1905), Huene (1909), von Zittel (1911), Gilmore (1920), Depéret and Savornin (1925), Huene (1926), Depéret and Savornin (1928), Romer (1956), Tatarinov (1964), Estes (1964), Walker (1964), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Steel (1970) and Buscalioni and Sanz (1984); to Carnosauria by Gauthier (1986); to Dryptosauridae by Marsh (1882), Marsh (1895), Marsh (1896), Huene (1927), Russell (1984), Breithaupt (1985), Paul (1988) and Carroll (1988); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1939), Denton (1990), Holtz (1996) and Holtz (2000); and to Tyrannosauroidea by Holtz (2004), Carr et al. (2005), Weishampel (2006), Carr et al. (2011), Lü et al. (2014), Carr et al. (2017) and Yun (2017).

Species

D. aquilunguis

Synonyms

Laelaps was named by Cope (1866).

It was replaced with Dryptosaurus by Marsh (1877), Marsh (1877), Williston (1878), Sauvage (1882), Marsh (1882), Vetter (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1888), Marsh (1895), Marsh (1896), Hay (1902), Osborn (1905), Matthew (1915), Hay (1930), Stromer (1931), Kuhn (1939), Rapp (1944), Tatarinov (1964), Romer (1966), Maleev (1968), Steel (1970), Paul (1988), Padian (1997) and Dodson (1997).

It was assigned to Dinodontidae by Cope (1866); to Goniopoda by Cope (1869); to Dinosauria by Cope (1869); to Goniopoda by Cope (1866), Cope (1867), Cope (1877) and Cope (1877); to Megalosauridae by Nopcsa (1901); and to Megalosauridae by Huxley (1870), Zittel (1890), Huene (1909) and von Zittel (1911).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1866	Laelaps Cope p. 276
1867	Laelaps Cope p. 234
1869	Laelaps Cope p. 100
1870	Laelaps Huxley p. 34
1877	Laelaps Cope p. 266
1877	Dryptosaurus Marsh p. 88
1878	Dryptosaurus Williston p. 45
1882	Dryptosaurus Marsh
1882	Dryptosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1884	Dryptosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884	Dryptosaurus Marsh p. 69
1884	Dryptosaurus Vetter p. 363
1885	Dryptosaurus Marsh p. 764
1888	Dryptosaurus Lydekker p. 170
1890	Laelaps Zittel p. 726
1895	Dryptosaurus Marsh
1896	Dryptosaurus Marsh p. 239
1899	Dryptosaurus Depéret p. 692
1900	Dryptosaurus Depéret p. 639
1901	Dryptosaurus Gautier p. 115
1901	Laelaps Nopcsa p. 199
1902	Dryptosaurus Hay p. 487
1905	Dryptosaurus Lambe p. 48
1905	Dryptosaurus Osborn p. 260
1909	Dryptosaurus Huene p. 15
1909	Laelaps Huene p. 15
1911	Dryptosaurus von Zittel p. 282
1911	Laelaps von Zittel p. 282
1920	Dryptosaurus Gilmore p. 116
1922	Dryptosaurus Matthew and Brown p. 378
1923	Dryptosaurus Huene p. 456 fig. 3
1924	Dryptosaurus Lull p. 231
1925	Dryptosaurus Depéret and Savornin p. 1110
1926	Dryptosaurus Huene p. 93
1927	Dryptosaurus Huene p. 264
1928	Dryptosaurus Depéret and Savornin pp. 262-263
1928	Dryptosaurus Nopcsa p. 183
1930	Dryptosaurus Hay p. 177
1930	Dryptosaurus Russell p. 136
1939	Dryptosaurus Kuhn p. 46
1944	Dryptosaurus Rapp p. 287
1946	Dryptosaurus Gilmore p. 17
1955	Dryptosaurus Miller, Jr. p. 911
1956	Dryptosaurus Romer p. 615
1964	Dryptosaurus Estes p. 144
1964	Dryptosaurus Tatarinov p. 537
1964	Dryptosaurus Walker p. 128
1965	Dryptosaurus Ostrom p. 39
1966	Dryptosaurus Romer p. 369
1967	Dryptosaurus Charig p. 714
1970	Dryptosaurus Steel p. 31
1979	Dryptosaurus Baird and Horner p. 6
1980	Dryptosaurus Molnar p. 102
1984	Dryptosaurus Buscalioni and Sanz p. 12
1984	Dryptosaurus Russell p. 26
1985	Dryptosaurus Breithaupt p. 169
1986	Dryptosaurus Gauthier p. 9
1988	Dryptosaurus Carroll
1988	Dryptosaurus Paul p. 346
1990	Dryptosaurus Denton, Jr. p. 20A
1996	Dryptosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 42A
2000	Dryptosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 13 fig. 5
2004	Dryptosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 112
2005	Dryptosaurus Carr et al. p. 140 fig. 21
2006	Dryptosaurus Weishampel p. 150
2011	Dryptosaurus Carr et al.
2014	Dryptosaurus Lü et al.
2017	Dryptosaurus Carr et al. p. 9s
2017	Dryptosaurus Yun p. 9

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
superfamily	Tyrannosauroidea
genus	Dryptosaurus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Dryptosaurus Marsh 1877

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†Dryptosaurus aquilunguis Cope 1866

Invalid names: Laelaps Cope 1866 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
H. F. Osborn 1905	Mandibular teeth compressed, recurved, crowns lenticular in section, serrate on both edges, fangs transversely oval.

Measurements

part	N	mean
femur circumference	1	279.4
fibula circumference	1	270.0
humerus circumference	1	136.5
tibia circumference	1	258.0

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Maximum body mass:

3000 kgg

Minimum body mass:

1000 kgg

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2005-08-24 13:27:34

Modified:

2005-08-24 15:27:34

Source: g = genus, subo = suborder, o = order

References: Marsh 1875, Peczkis 1995, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Albian to the top of the Lancian or 113.00000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (12 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Albian	113.0 - 100.5	USA (Texas)	Laelaps sp. (52043)
Early/Lower Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	USA (New Jersey)	D. aquilunguis (125953)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	USA (New Jersey)	D. sp., D. aquilunguis (14455)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian	83.5 - 66.0	USA (New Jersey)	D. sp. (14504)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	USA (New Jersey)	D. sp. (57915)
Lancian	70.6 - 66.0	USA (Wyoming)	D. sp. (14522 14566)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	70.6 - 66.0	USA (Wyoming)	D. sp. (14585 57158 57159 57166)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	70.6 - 66.0	USA (New Jersey)	Laelaps aquilunguis (48570)