PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Dilophosaurus

Reptilia

Taxonomy

Dilophosaurus was named by Welles (1970).

It was assigned to Coeluridae by Welles (1970); to Coelurosauria by Welles (1972); to Megalosauridae by Madsen and Miller (1979); to Halticosaurinae by Paul (1988); to Podokesauridae by Russell (1984) and Carroll (1988); to Ceratosauria by Benton (1990); to Halticosauridae by Welles (1984), Chatterjee (1987) and Hu (1993); to Coelophysidae by Novas (1991), Novas (1992) and Paul (1993); to Ceratosauria by Gauthier (1986), Rowe (1989), Rowe and Gauthier (1990), Pérez-Moreno et al. (1994) and Currie (1997); to Ceratosauridae by Knoll et al. (1999); to Coelophysoidea by Holtz (1994), Rowe et al. (1997), Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Holtz (2000), Tykoski and Rowe (2004), Carrano and Sampson (2004), Carrano et al. (2005), Naish and Martill (2007), Ezcurra and Novas (2007), Ezcurra (2007), Ezcurra and Cuny (2007), Carrano et al. (2012) and Hendrickx and Mateus (2014); and to Neotheropoda by Rauhut (2003), Yates (2005) and Marsh and Rowe (2020).

Species

D. sinensis, D. wetherilli

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1970	Dilophosaurus Welles p. 989
1972	Dilophosaurus Welles p. 8
1979	Dilophosaurus Madsen and Miller p. 5
1984	Dilophosaurus Russell p. 22
1984	Dilophosaurus Welles p. 177
1986	Dilophosaurus Gauthier p. 9
1987	Dilophosaurus Chatterjee p. 186
1988	Dilophosaurus Carroll
1988	Dilophosaurus Paul p. 268
1989	Dilophosaurus Rowe
1990	Dilophosaurus Benton p. 19
1990	Dilophosaurus Rowe and Gauthier p. 152
1991	Dilophosaurus Novas p. 401
1992	Dilophosaurus Novas p. 141
1993	Dilophosaurus Hu p. 65
1993	Dilophosaurus Paul p. 402
1994	Dilophosaurus Holtz
1994	Dilophosaurus Pérez-Moreno et al. p. 184 fig. 1
1997	Dilophosaurus Currie p. 732
1997	Dilophosaurus Rowe et al. p. 108
1997	Dilophosaurus Sereno p. 456
1998	Dilophosaurus Sereno p. 73 fig. 8
1999	Dilophosaurus Knoll et al. p. 106
1999	Dilophosaurus Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2000	Dilophosaurus Holtz, Jr. pp. 13-15 fig. 5
2003	Dilophosaurus Rauhut p. 135
2004	Dilophosaurus Carrano and Sampson p. 552
2004	Dilophosaurus Tykoski and Rowe p. 48
2005	Dilophosaurus Carrano et al. pp. 843-844 fig. 13
2005	Dilophosaurus Yates p. 118 fig. 9
2007	Dilophosaurus Ezcurra p. 186
2007	Dilophosaurus Ezcurra and Cuny p. 78 fig. 6
2007	Dilophosaurus Ezcurra and Novas p. 46 fig. 12
2007	Dilophosaurus Naish and Martill p. 500
2012	Dilophosaurus Carrano et al. p. 248 fig. 7
2014	Dilophosaurus Hendrickx and Mateus
2020	Dilophosaurus Marsh and Rowe p. 6

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida

Rank	Name	Author
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
genus	Dilophosaurus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Dilophosaurus Welles 1970

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†Dilophosaurus sinensis Hu 1993

†Dilophosaurus wetherilli Welles 1954

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
G. S. Paul 1993	Total length ~6 m, skeleton fairly robust. Skull length ~500 mm, skull robust, premaxila large, external nares large, large paired crests, maxilla fairly short and deep, antorbital fenestra and fossa modest in size, area anterior and ventral to fossa extensive, ventral edge of antorbital fossa smooth, jugal tetraradiate, orbit modest in size and elongated vertically, quadrate processes of squamosal and quadratojugal robust and do not contact each other, quadrate slopes ventro-posteriorly, post-temporal fenestra closed, mandible fairly deep, mandibular fenestra small, retroarticular process short, teeth large, 12 maxillary teeth, 17 dentary teeth. Cervicals robust, anterior caudal spines moderately short so tail base is curved on top. Scapular blade fairly short and very broad and subrectangular dorsally, forelimbs fairly long. Ilium short and deep, cleft between anterior blade and pubic peduncle very narrow, small postero-dorsal process on ilium, brevis fossa not well exposed in lateral view, pubic shaft straight, ascending process of astragalus fairly tall.
A. D. Marsh and T. B. Rowe 2020	As for type species by monotypy.

Measurements

part	N	mean
femur circumference	1	185.0
fibula circumference	1	57.0
tibia circumference	1	132.0

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Maximum body mass:

100 kgg

Minimum body mass:

300 gg

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoreo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2005-08-24 13:08:02

Modified:

2005-08-24 15:08:02

Source: g = genus, o = order

References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Sinemurian to the top of the Pliensbachian or 199.30000 to 182.70000 Ma

Collections (15 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Hettangian - Sinemurian	201.3 - 190.8	China (Yunnan)	D. sinensis (25125)
Hettangian - Sinemurian	201.3 - 190.8	USA (Arizona)	D. sp. (216632) D. wetherilli (214349)
Hettangian - Sinemurian	201.3 - 190.8	India (Andhra Pradesh)	D. sp. (68621)
Hettangian - Sinemurian	201.3 - 190.8	USA (Utah)	Theropoda indet. (214380)
Sinemurian - Pliensbachian	199.3 - 182.7	USA (Arizona)	D. sp. (51896 137287) D. wetherilli (35250 214347 216631 216645) Megalosaurus wetherilli (13409 13410)
Pliensbachian	190.8 - 182.7	USA (Arizona)	D. wetherilli (98597 214348)