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Hesperotestudo turgida

Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae

Taxonomy
Testudo turgida was named by Cope (1892). Its type specimen is ANSP 14689, a partial shell (complete plastron and fragmentary carapace), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is North of Dockum, which is in a Miocene/Pleistocene terrestrial horizon in Texas.

It was recombined as Gopherus turgida by Williams (1950); it was recombined as Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) turgida by Auffenberg (1962) and Auffenberg (1963); it was recombined as Hesperotestudo turgida by Vlachos (2018).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1892Testudo turgida Cope p. 127
1893Testudo turgida Cope
1902Testudo turgida Hay p. 452
1916Testudo incisa Hay p. 46
1930Testudo incisa Hay p. 103
1930Testudo turgida Hay p. 105
1944Testudo riggsi Hibbard p. 72
1950Gopherus incisa Williams p. 30
1950Gopherus riggsi Williams p. 30
1950Gopherus turgida Williams p. 30
1956Testudo wilsoni Milstead p. 168
1957Testudo turgida Oelrich p. 228
1957Geochelone incisa Ray
1962Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) johnstoni Auffenberg p. 627
1962Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) turgida Auffenberg p. 628
1962Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) incisa Auffenberg p. 630
1962Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) riggsi Auffenberg p. 630
1962Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) wilsoni Auffenberg p. 630
1963Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) incisa Auffenberg p. 82
1963Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) turgida Auffenberg p. 89
1963Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) johnstoni Auffenberg p. 91
1963Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) riggsi Auffenberg p. 91
1963Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) wilsoni Auffenberg p. 91
1966Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) alleni Auffenberg p. 877
1972Geochelone (Hesperotestudo) oelrichi Holman
1988Geochelone mlynarskii Auffenberg
2018Hesperotestudo turgida Vlachos

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
RankNameAuthor
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Testudinata(Oppel 1811)
orderTestudinesBatsch 1788
suborderCryptodira
—Pantestudinoidea
superfamilyTestudinoidea
familyTestudinidaeBatsch 1788
subfamilyXerobatinaeAgassiz 1857
genusHesperotestudo(Williams 1950)
speciesturgida()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Invalid names: Geochelone alleni Auffenberg 1966 [synonym], Geochelone johnstoni Auffenberg 1962 [synonym], Geochelone mlynarskii Auffenberg 1988 [synonym], Geochelone oelrichi Holman 1972 [synonym], Testudo incisa Hay 1916 [synonym], Testudo riggsi Hibbard 1944 [synonym], Testudo wilsoni Milstead 1956 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
E. Vlachos 2018Hesperotestudo turgida can be diagnosed as a member of Hesperotestudo based on the characters listed above. Hesperotestudo turgida differs from other Hesperotestudo in its smaller size, vaulted and thickened shell, epiplastra that expand beyond the anterior part of the carapace, significant gular protrusion, ventral keels on the epiplastra, and presence of a disproportionately large caudal buckler.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Diet 2: herbivoref
Reproduction: oviparousf
Created: 2005-08-26 07:16:55
Modified: 2005-09-09 16:16:46
Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Ernst and Barbour 1989

Age range: base of the Hemphillian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 10.30000 to 0.01200 Ma

Collections (18 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Miocene - Pleistocene23.03 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Testudo turgida (type locality: 99818)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Florida) Geochelone alleni (18545 18560) Geochelone turgida (18556)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oklahoma) Testudo riggsi (18076)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nebraska) Geochelone oelrichi (19954 19963)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Texas) Geochelone johnstoni (20033)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Kansas) Testudo riggsi (99819)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Texas) Testudo turgida (191451)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781USA (Nebraska) Geochelone oelrichi (191910)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Testudo incisa (195410)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Florida) Geochelone mlynarskii (20289)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Florida) Geochelone incisa (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Hesperotestudo incisa (20604 20613)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Hesperotestudo incisa (154722)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Geochelone incisa (154805)