Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Gerrhonotidae was named by Cope (1864). It is extant.
It was synonymized subjectively with Anguidae by Hay (1902); it was reranked as the subfamily Gerrhonotinae by McDowell and Bogert (1954), McGrew et al. (1959), Estes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983) and Norell (1989).
It was assigned to Diploglossa by Cope (1871) and Cope (1875); to Anguinidae by McDowell and Bogert (1954); and to Anguidae by McGrew et al. (1959), Estes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983) and Norell (1989).
It was synonymized subjectively with Anguidae by Hay (1902); it was reranked as the subfamily Gerrhonotinae by McDowell and Bogert (1954), McGrew et al. (1959), Estes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983) and Norell (1989).
It was assigned to Diploglossa by Cope (1871) and Cope (1875); to Anguinidae by McDowell and Bogert (1954); and to Anguidae by McGrew et al. (1959), Estes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Estes (1983) and Norell (1989).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1864 | Gerrhonotidae Cope fig. 1864 |
1871 | Gerrhonotidae Cope p. 236 |
1875 | Gerrhonotidae Cope p. 18 |
1954 | Gerrhonotinae McDowell and Bogert p. 130 |
1959 | Gerrhonotinae McGrew et al. p. 134 |
1964 | Gerrhonotinae Estes p. 119 |
1966 | Gerrhonotinae Kuhn p. 54 |
1983 | Gerrhonotinae Estes |
1989 | Gerrhonotinae Norell |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. Gerrhonotinae Cope 1864
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G. Abronia Gray 1838 [Arboreal alligator lizards]
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†Abronia cuyama Scarpetta and Ledesma 2023
Abronia deppei Wiegmann 1828 [Deppe's arboreal alligator lizard]
G. Barissia Gray
G. Gerrhonotus Wiegmann 1828 [alligator lizard]
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Gerrhonotus imbricatus Wiegmann 1828 [Rain alligator lizard]
Gerrhonotus liocephalus Wiegmann 1828 [Texas alligator lizard]
Gerrhonotus liocephalus infernalis Baird 1858 [Texas alligator lizard]
Gerrhonotus lugoi McCoy 1970 [Lugo's alligator lizard]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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S. B. McDowell and C. M. Bogert 1954 | Head with large and regular osteoderms and associated epidermal scutes; orbital border of frontal strongly concave, but overlying osteoderm may have straight lateral border; osteoderms heavy to thin, or even absent over parts of body, but always of rectangular form, the lateral edge not beveled, sutured to one another lateraly, but imbricate anteriorly and posteriorly; a lateral fold of unossified granules between the dorsal and ventral osteodermal armor; teeth varying from blunt to fang-like (both extremes being seen within the genus Ophisaurus, where O. apodus has molar-like teeth, but 0.harti has Anguis-like teeth); anterior (choanal) border of palatine posterior to vomer and to anterior extremity of interpterygoid vacuity; phalangeal formula of forms with ambulatory limbs the normal 2-3-4-5-3. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Behler and King 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 70.60000 to 0.01200 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma
Collections (31 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Lancian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotus sp. (14514) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotus sp. (14585) | |
Torrejonian | USA (Montana) | Gerrhonotus sp. (14874) | |
Clarkforkian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotus sp. (15151) | |
Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotus sp. (15917) | |
Lysitean - Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotinae indet. (15451) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | G. CG (15458) Gerrhonotinae indet. (15534 181313) Gerrhonotus sp. (15793) | |
Chadronian | USA (North Dakota) | Gerrhonotinae indet. (16991) | |
Early/Lower Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | Gerrhonotus sp., Paragerrhonotus ricardensis (17963) | |
Hemingfordian | USA (Wyoming) | Gerrhonotus sp. (19073 19074 19075 19076 19077 19078 19079) | |
Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Gerrhonotus indet. (18102) Gerrhonotus mungerorum (18141) Gerrhonotus sp. (18165 18284) | |
Clarendonian | USA (Kansas) | Gerrhonotus mungerorum (18450) | |
Clarendonian | USA (California) | Abronia cuyama (19181) Paragerrhonotus ricardensis (192125) | |
Blancan - Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Gerrhonotinae indet. (199543) | |
Irvingtonian | USA (California) | Gerrhonotus sp. (20178) | |
Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Gerrhonotus coeruleus (84880) Gerrhonotus sp. (84885) | |
Rancholabrean - Holocene | USA (California) | Gerrhonotus multicarinatus (84904) |