PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Brotula

Actinopteri - Ophidiiformes

Taxonomy

Brotula is a genus. It is extant.

It was assigned to Brotulidae by Casier (1966); to Brotulinae by Steurbaut (1984); to Ophidiidae by Steurbaut (1979) and Stringer (1998); to Ophidiiformes by Sepkoski (2002) and Přikryl and Carnevale (2018); and to Ophididae by Fitch and Lavenberg (1983) and Carnevale and Godfrey (2018).

Species

B. arcuata, B. longipinnata

Species lacking formal opinion data

B. clarkae, B. ordwayi

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1966	Brotula Casier p. 430
1979	Brotula Steurbaut p. 64
1983	Brotula Fitch and Lavenberg p. 512
1984	Brotula Steurbaut p. 61
1998	Brotula Stringer p. 150
2002	Brotula Sepkoski
2018	Brotula Carnevale and Godfrey p. 171
2018	Brotula Přikryl and Carnevale p. 479

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
superclass	Actinopterygii	()
class	Actinopteri	()
subclass	Neopterygii	(Regan 1923)
—	Teleosteomorpha
—	Teleostei	(Müller 1846)

Rank	Name	Author
—	Osteoglossocephalai
—	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
—	Euteleosteomorpha
—	Neoteleostei	Rosen 1973
—	Eurypterygia	(Rosen 1973)
—	Ctenosquamata
—	Acanthomorphata	(Rosen 1973)
—	Euacanthomorphacea
—	Percomorphaceae
—	Ophidiimorpharia
order	Ophidiiformes	Berg 1937
genus	Brotula

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Brotula

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†Brotula arcuata Casier 1966

†Brotula longipinnata Kramberger 1880

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektobenthico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Diet 2:

parasiteo

Created:

2009-07-20 21:30:52

Modified:

2009-07-20 23:30:52

Source: o = order, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Lutetian to the top of the Early/Lower Pliocene or 47.80000 to 3.60000 Ma

Collections (7 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	Germany (Lower Saxony,)	Sirembola arcuata (188954)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	Czech Republic	B. longipinnata (219094)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	France	B. sp. (220042)
Tortonian	11.62 - 7.246	Panama	B. sp. (145529)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	Ecuador (Esmeraldas)	B. ordwayi (135043)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	USA (North Carolina)	B. barbata (52582)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Jamaica	B. clarkae (186673)