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Galeorhinus (school shark)
Taxonomy
Galeorhinus was named by de Blainville and Prévost (1816). It is extant. Its type is Squalus galeus. It is the type genus of Galeorhinidae, Galeorhinini.
It was synonymized subjectively with Galeus by Jordan (1907).
It was assigned to Galeorhininae by Hay (1902); to Galeorhinidae by Jordan and Gilbert (1919) and Jordan and Gilbert (1919); to Galeidae by Jordan (1963); to Carcharhinidae by Casier (1958), Cassier (1966), Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981) and Kumar and Loyal (1987); to Galeorhinini by Noubhani and Cappetta (1997) and Yabe and Hirayama (1998); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Triakidae by Long and Stilwell (2000), Purdy et al. (2001), Rana et al. (2006), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Marramà et al. (2018), Marramà et al. (2018), Hoganson et al. (2019) and Ebersole et al. (2019).
It was synonymized subjectively with Galeus by Jordan (1907).
It was assigned to Galeorhininae by Hay (1902); to Galeorhinidae by Jordan and Gilbert (1919) and Jordan and Gilbert (1919); to Galeidae by Jordan (1963); to Carcharhinidae by Casier (1958), Cassier (1966), Case (1981), Thurmond and Jones (1981) and Kumar and Loyal (1987); to Galeorhinini by Noubhani and Cappetta (1997) and Yabe and Hirayama (1998); to Carcharhiniformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Triakidae by Long and Stilwell (2000), Purdy et al. (2001), Rana et al. (2006), Cicimurri and Knight (2009), Reinecke and Radwanski (2015), Marramà et al. (2018), Marramà et al. (2018), Hoganson et al. (2019) and Ebersole et al. (2019).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1816 | Galeorhinus de Blainville and Prévost p. 248 |
| 1864 | Eugaleus Gill |
| 1902 | Galeorhinus Hay p. 312 |
| 1919 | Galeorhinus Jordan and Gilbert p. 21 |
| 1926 | Eugaleus White p. 26 |
| 1938 | Eugaleus Weiler p. 8 |
| 1946 | Eugaleus Casier p. 83 |
| 1958 | Galeorhinus Casier p. 20 |
| 1963 | Eugaleus Jordan p. 599 |
| 1963 | Galeorhinus Jordan p. 599 |
| 1966 | Galeorhinus Cassier p. 86 |
| 1981 | Galeorhinus Case p. 65 |
| 1981 | Galeorhinus Thurmond and Jones p. 67 |
| 1987 | Galeorhinus Kumar and Loyal p. 66 |
| 1997 | Galeorhinus Noubhani and Cappetta p. 79 |
| 1998 | Galeorhinus Yabe and Hirayama p. 47 |
| 2000 | Galeorhinus Long and Stilwell p. 350 |
| 2001 | Galeorhinus Purdy et al. p. 139 |
| 2002 | Geleorhinus Sepkoski |
| 2006 | Galeorhinus Rana et al. p. 512 |
| 2009 | Galeorhinus Cicimurri and Knight p. 635 |
| 2015 | Galeorhinus Reinecke and Radwanski p. 11 |
| 2018 | Galeorhinus Marramà et al. p. 287 |
| 2018 | Galeorhinus Marramà et al. p. 287 |
| 2019 | Galeorhinus Ebersole et al. p. 61 |
| 2019 | Galeorhinus Hoganson et al. p. 30 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Galeorhinus de Blainville and Prévost 1816 [school shark]
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†Galeorhinus cuvieri Agassiz 1835
†Galeorhinus duchaussoisi Adnet and Cappetta 2008
†Galeorhinus falconeri White 1956
†Galeorhinus galeus Linnaeus 1758
†Galeorhinus girardoti Herman 1977
†Galeorhinus goncalvesi Antunes et al. 1999
†Galeorhinus hannibali Jordan and Beal 1910
†Galeorhinus huberensis Case 1981
†Galeorhinus louisi Adnet and Cappetta 2008
†Galeorhinus mesetaensis Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Galeorhinus minor Agassiz 1835
†Galeorhinus minutissimus Arambourg 1935
†Galeorhinus pulchellus Jonet 1966
†Galeorhinus ypresiensis Casier 1946
Invalid names: Eugaleus Gill 1864 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Santonian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 85.80000 to 0.01200 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 83.5 Ma
Collections (114 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Santonian | Israel | Galeorhinus sp. (214861) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Sweden (Skåne) | Galeorhinus sp. (74334) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Sweden | Galeorhinus sp. (102883) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Sweden (Götaland) | Galeorhinus sp. (102886) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Galeorhinus sp. (128412) | |
| Middle Campanian | France | Galeorhinus girardoti (61352 61353) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (Maryland) | Galeorhinus giradoti (83331) | |
| Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | Galeorhinus girardoti (90926) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | Galeorhinus girardoti (179290 213582 213583 213584 213587 213589) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Texas) | Galeorhinus girardoti (61738) | |
| Danian | Morocco | Galeorhinus mesetaensis (214372) | |
| Selandian - Thanetian | Morocco | Galeorhinus mesetaensis (214839 214848) | |
| Thanetian | Morocco | Galeorhinus mesetaensis (214833) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Mississippi) | Galeorhinus minor, Galeorhinus ypresiensis (62872) | |
| Ypresian | India (Himachal Pradesh) | Galeorhinus sp. (31267) | |
| Ypresian | Italy (Verona) | Galeorhinus cuvieri (219837) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Galeorhinus minor (13299) Galeorhinus sp., Galeorhinus minor (8050) Galeorhinus ypresiensis (3260) | |
| Ypresian | Antarctica | Galeorhinus sp. (100414) | |
| Ypresian | India (Gujarat) | Galeorhinus sp. (71438) | |
| Ypresian | Italy | Galeus cuvieri (55239) | |
| Ypresian | Morocco | Galeorhinus minutissimus (116904 158991 214840 214846 214847 214849 214850 214851) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Galeorhinus duchaussoisi (81179 209524) | |
| Wasatchian | Mexico (Baja California) | Galeorhinus sp. (15671) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Virginia) | Galeorhinus ypresiensis (15595) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | India | Galeorhinus sp. (210158) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | Galeorhinus affini, Galeorhinus minor (62890) | |
| Lutetian | Nigeria | Eugaleus falconeri (187560) Galeorhinus falconeri (77257) | |
| Lutetian | Ukraine (Luhansk) | Galeorhinus sp., Galeorhinus ypresiensis (120885) | |
| Lutetian | Jordan | Galeorhinus sp. (65226) | |
| Lutetian | Ukraine | Galeorhinus sp., Galeorhinus ypresiensis (211009) | |
| Lutetian | Togo | Galeorhinus sp. (32991) | |
| Lutetian | USA (California) | Galeorhinus sp. (16712) | |
| Lutetian | Barbados | Galeorhinus minor (221168) | |
| Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | Galeorhinus minor, Galeorhinus ypresiensis (41888) Galeorhinus ypresiensis (41989 41994 41996 41998) Galeorhinus ypresiensis, Galeorhinus minutissimus (41992) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Galeorhinus duchaussoisi, Galeorhinus louisi (209522) Galeorhinus sp. (13346) | |
| Middle Eocene | Uzbekistan | Galeorhinus sp. (45701 62573) | |
| Middle Eocene | Ukraine (Crimea) | Galeorhinus sp., Galeorhinus ypresiensis (140018) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | Galeorhinus duchaussoisi (176944) Galeorhinus falconeri (83251) Galeorhinus ypresiensis (209520) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Mississippi) | Galeorhinus huberensis (61249) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Louisiana) | Galeorhinus huberensis (3534) | |
| Bartonian | India (Gujarat) | Galeorhinus sp. (48074) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Arkansas) | Galeorhinus sp. (16549) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Alabama) | Galeorhinus falconeri (45637) | |
| Priabonian | Western Sahara | Galeorhinus sp. (96686 96688) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | Galeorhinus huberensis (55251 75638) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Georgia) | Galeorhinus galeus, Galeorhinus huberensis (73434) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Antarctica | Galeorhinus sp. (43030) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Japan (Fukuoka) | Galeorhinus sp. (161440) | |
| Rupelian | Hungary | Eugaleus latus (124377) | |
| Rupelian | Netherlands (Winterswijik) | Galeorhinus latus (87248) | |
| Rupelian | Netherlands | Galeorhinus latus (87249 87250) | |
| Chattian | USA (California) | Galeorhinus latus (11601) | |
| Chattian | USA (South Carolina) | Galeorhinus sp. (97550) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (North Carolina) | Galeorhinus latus, Galeorhinus galeus (71660) | |
| Miocene - Pliocene | Chile | Galeorhinus sp. (102183) | |
| Burdigalian | France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) | Galeorhinus sp. (37238) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Bavaria) | Paragaleus pulchellus (210593) | |
| Langhian | Netherlands | Galeorhinus sp. (45505) | |
| Langhian | USA (California) | Eugaleus sp. (59059) | |
| Langhian | Portugal (Penedo) | Paragaleus pulchellus (161620) | |
| Langhian | France (Touraine) | Paragaleus pulchellus (161611) | |
| Langhian | France (Loupian) | Paragaleus pulchellus (161623) | |
| Middle Miocene | India (Orissa) | Galeorhinus parvulus (46365) | |
| Serravallian | France (Gironde) | Galeorhinus galeus, Paragaleus pulchellus (161524) | |
| Serravallian - Tortonian | Malta (Ras ii-Karraba) | Galeorhinus goncalvesi (161384) | |
| Badenian | Poland | Galeorhinus goncalvesi (162017) | |
| Badenian | Czech Republic (Mikulov) | Paragaleus pulchellus (161993) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Colon) | Galeorhinus galeus (160781) | |
| Tortonian | Poland | Eugaleus latus (121515) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | South Africa | Galeorhinus sp. (22219) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Chile (Antwerpen) | Galeorhinus galeus (154114) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Netherlands (Noord-Brabant) | Galeorhinus sp. (162679) | |
| Messinian | Portugal | Galeorhinus goncalvesi (91423) | |
| Messinian | Japan (Chiba) | Galeorhinus sp. (202927) | |
| MN 13 | Portugal | Galeorhinus goncalvesi (65954) | |
| MN 13 | Portugal (Alvalade) | Galeorhinus goncalvesi (65955) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Japan (Chiba) | Galeorhinus sp. (70006) | |
| Messinian - Piacenzian | Australia (South Australia) | Galeorhinus australis (50343) | |
| Pliocene | USA (California) | Galeorhinus hannibali (186032) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (California) | Galeorhinus zyopterus (219849) | |
| Piacenzian | Peru | Galeorhinus sp. (219058) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (California) | Galeorhinus zopterus (85314) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Galeorhinus galeus (190889) Galeorhinus zyopterus (59063) |