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Xiphactinus
Taxonomy
Xiphactinus was named by Leidy (1870) [Sepkoski's age data: K Albi K Camp Sepkoski's reference number: 915]. It is not extant.
It was synonymized subjectively with Portheus by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Siluridae by Leidy (1873); to Chirocentridae by Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Pachycormiformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Ichthyodectidae by Applegate (1970), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Schwimmer et al. (1997), Shimada (2006), Shimada et al. (2006), Cavin et al. (2013), Bice and Shimada (2016) and Hoganson et al. (2019).
It was synonymized subjectively with Portheus by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Siluridae by Leidy (1873); to Chirocentridae by Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Pachycormiformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Ichthyodectidae by Applegate (1970), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Schwimmer et al. (1997), Shimada (2006), Shimada et al. (2006), Cavin et al. (2013), Bice and Shimada (2016) and Hoganson et al. (2019).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1870 | Xiphactinus Leidy |
1873 | Xiphactinus Leidy p. 290 |
1970 | Xiphactinus Applegate p. 418 |
1981 | Xiphactinus Thurmond and Jones p. 97 |
1988 | Xiphactinus Case and Schwimmer p. 300 |
1997 | Xiphactinus Schwimmer et al. p. 611 |
2002 | Xiphactinus Sepkoski |
2006 | Xiphactinus Shimada p. 169 |
2006 | Xiphactinus Shimada et al. p. 23 |
2013 | Xiphactinus Cavin et al. p. 170 |
2016 | Xiphactinus Bice and Shimada p. 186 |
2019 | Xiphactinus Hoganson et al. p. 53 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Xiphactinus Leidy 1870
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†Xiphactinus audax Leidy 1870
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Invalid names: Portheus lestrio Cope 1873 [synonym], Portheus lowii Stewart 1898 [synonym], Portheus molossus Cope 1871 [synonym], Portheus mudgei Cope 1874 [synonym], Saurocephalus thaumas Cope 1870 [synonym], Xiphactinus brachygnathus Stewart 1898 [synonym]
†Xiphactinus vetus Leidy 1856
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Invalid names: Polygonodon rectus Leidy 1858 [synonym], Portheus angulatus Cope 1872 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 |
Age range: base of the Early/Lower Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 125.45000 to 66.00000 Ma
Collections (51 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Early/Lower Aptian | Germany | X. sp. (221372) | |
Cenomanian | Venezuela (Trujillo) | X. audax (176561) | |
Late/Upper Cretaceous | USA (New Jersey) | Polygonodon vetus (126156) | |
Late/Upper Cenomanian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (213414 213416 213417 213418 213419) | |
Middle Cenomanian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | X. audax (22731 52997) | |
Middle Cenomanian | USA (Colorado) | X. audax (35429) | |
Middle Cenomanian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (94538) | |
Turonian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (102879) | |
Turonian - Coniacian | USA (Texas) | X. sp. (107425) | |
Early/Lower Turonian | Canada (Alberta) | X. sp. (221341) | |
Early/Lower Turonian | USA (Nebraska) | X. audax (213402) | |
Early/Lower Turonian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (213384 213385) | |
Middle Turonian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (35365 213387 213526) | |
Early/Lower Coniacian | USA (Texas) | X. sp. (34755) | |
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Mississippi) | X. audax (164393) | |
Santonian | USA (Alabama) | X. audax (81928) | |
Santonian | USA (Kansas) | X. audax (94652) X. sp. (93220) | |
Santonian - Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | X. audax (192128) | |
Late/Upper Santonian | USA (Kansas) | Portheus molossus (188488) | |
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Alabama) | X. audax (81930 81932 81934 81972 82049 82054) | |
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian | USA (Georgia) | X. audax (35289) | |
Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Portheus molossus (190555) | |
Campanian | USA (Georgia) | X. audax (70720) | |
Campanian | Canada (Nunavut) | X. sp. (36383) | |
Early/Lower Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Polygonodon rectus (106277) | |
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Polygonodon rectus, X. audax (57918) X. vetus (128412) | |
Judithian | USA (Wyoming) | X. vetus (14478 14479 14487) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Delaware) | X. sp. (27570) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (New Jersey) | X. audax (14455) X. sp. (32181) | |
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | USA (New Jersey) | X. sp. (57916) X. vetus (221052) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (New Jersey) | X. sp. (26818) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | X. vetus (213589) |