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Hypertraguloidea

Mammalia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1940Hypertraguloidea Scott p. 507
2001Hypertraguloidea Vislobokova p. S136

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
—Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
infraorderTragulina
superfamilyHypertraguloidea
superfamilyHypertraguloidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Hypertraguloidea Scott 1940
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Fm. †Hypertragulidae Cope 1879
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G. †Hypertragulus Cope 1874
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Invalid names: Hypertragulus tricostatus Cope 1874 [synonym]
†Hypertragulus heikeni Ferrusquia-Villafranca 1969
†Hypertragulus minor Frick 1937
†Hypertragulus minutus Lull 1922
†Hypertragulus planiceps Sinclair 1905
†Hypertragulus sequens Cook 1934
Invalid names: Allomeryx Sinclair 1905 [synonym]
G. †Nanotragulus Lull 1922
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†Nanotragulus fontanus Stock 1935
†Nanotragulus loomisi Lull 1922
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Invalid names: Nanotragulus intermedius Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym], Nanotragulus lulli Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Nanotragulus ordinatus Matthew 1907
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Invalid names: Nanotragulus albanensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Nanotragulus matthewi Cook 1934 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hypertragulinae [empty]
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G. †Hypisodus Cope 1873
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†Hypisodus alacer Troxell 1920
†Hypisodus ironsi Cook 1934
†Hypisodus minimus Cope 1873
†Hypisodus paululus Cook 1934
†Hypisodus retallacki Meehan and Martin 2004
†Hypisodus ringens Cope 1873
Fm. †Praetragulidae Vislobokova 2001
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G. †Parvitragulus Emry 1978
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†Parvitragulus priscus Emry 1978
G. †Praetragulus Vislobokova 1998
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†Praetragulus electus Vislobokova 1998
†Praetragulus gobiae Matthew and Granger 1925
G. †Simimeryx Stock 1934
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†Simimeryx hudsoni Stock 1934
†Simimeryx minutus Peterson 1934
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
I. A. Vislobokova 2001Orbits open or closed posteri- orly. Jugular foramen not confluent with posterior lac- erate foramen. Alisphenoid canal present. Pterygoid canal absent. Mastoid exposure mainly lateral. Supraor- bital sulcus strongly convergent anteriorly and curved laterally. Facial part of lacrimal with high frontal pro- cess. Orbital part of lacrimal enlarged. Posterior open- ing of orbital canal placed between lacrimal and max- illa, as in tragulids and leptomerycids. Median concav- ity of palate opposite M2 and very strong. Upper canines medium-sized or enlarged. Lower canines may or may not be incisiform. PI and pI present or lost; when present, they detached and caniniform. Radius and ulna separate or fused. Magnum and trapezoid separate. Fibula separate or fused distally with tibia. Metapodials separate.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: grazero
Diet 2: browsero
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-26 14:03:05
Modified: 2005-09-19 12:23:23
Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1999, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Harrisonian or 41.30000 to 18.50000 Ma

Collections (157 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Simimeryx hudsoni (16610) Simimeryx sp. (16786)
Uintan - Duchesnean46.2 - 37.0USA (California) Simimeryx hudsoni (16533 16800 16801)
Bartonian - Rupelian41.3 - 28.1Mexico (Oaxaca) Nanotragulus sp. (166797)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (California) Hypertragulus sp. (17039) Simimeryx hudsoni (16803 16804 16805 16806 16807 16808 16809 16810 16811) Simimeryx sp. (16813)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Utah) Leptomeryx minutus (16852)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (Texas) Hypertragulus heikeni (16838)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Texas) Hypisodus minimus (16888 16894) Parvitragulus priscus (16934)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (New Mexico) Hypertragulidae indet. (17032)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Hypertragulidae indet. (16885 16938 17006)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus calcaratus (16918) Hypertragulus chadronensis, Hypertragulus crawfordensis, Hypisodus minimus, Hypisodus paululus (16930) Hypisodus minimus (16917 16940 17014) Parvitragulus sp., Hypisodus minimus (16941)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Mexico (Chihuahua) Hypertragulus heikeni (17015)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Hypisodus sp. (16962 16963 16964 16965) Hypisodus sp., Parvitragulus priscus (16960 16961)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Hypisodus sp. (16977)
Late/Upper Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Hypisodus minimus (17027)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Mongolia Lophiomeryx gobiae (73781)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Mongolia (Dornogov) Praetragulus electus (174716)
Late/Upper Chadronian - Orellan37.2 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Hypisodus minimus (230806)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Hypertragulidae indet., Hypertragulus calcaratus (163487) Hypertragulidae indet., Hypertragulus calcaratus, Hypisodus minimus (17102) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17094 17103 17115 17153 17173) Hypertragulus calcaratus, Hypisodus minimus (17174) Hypertragulus sp., Hypisodus sp. (17187 17188 17189)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Colorado) Hypertragulus calcaratus, Hypisodus minimus (17081 17082) Hypisodus minimus (17083)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulidae indet., Hypisodus minimus (17108) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17164 17165) Hypertragulus calcaratus, Hypisodus minimus (17098) Hypisodus alacer (17059 17297) Hypisodus minimus (17062)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17104 17105 17106) Hypisodus alacer (17117) Hypisodus minimus (17318)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Mongolia (Övörkhangai) Praetragulus gobiae (75595)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Mongolia Praetragulus gobiae (75601 77772)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus quadratus (17350) Hypisodus ironsi (17346) Hypisodus retallacki (17391)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Colorado) Hypisodus minimus (17426)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus hesperius (17349) Hypertragulus sp. (17313)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Montana) Hypertragulus calcaratus (230863)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Florida) Nanotragulus sp. (17341)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (South Dakota) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17336 17338) Hypertragulus dakotensis (17344) Hypisodus sp. (17337 17384)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (North Dakota) Nanotragulus sp. (17432)
Whitneyan - late Early Arikareean33.3 - 18.5USA (California) Hypertragulus fontanus (17527)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus hesperius (17508) Hypertragulus hesperius, Nanotragulus planiceps (17537 93078)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (South Dakota) Nanotragulus intermedius (17607 17610 17621 17623 17629 17630 17633 17634 17635 17636 17637 17638 17641 17644 17645 17651 17657 17658)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus sp., Hypisodus sp., Nanotragulus intermedius (17494) Nanotragulus sp. (17440 17715)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus sp., Nanotragulus sp. (17538) Nanotragulus intermedius (17542)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus calcaratus (93080 180202)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (North Dakota) Hypertragulus sp. (17724)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Nanotragulus intermedius (17517) Nanotragulus ordinatus (17461)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (California) Hypertragulidae indet. (17671 17685) Hypertragulus fontanus (17497) Hypertragulus sp. (17701)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Florida) Nanotragulus loomisi (17476)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Montana) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17509)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Nanotragulus intermedius (17466 17667) Nanotragulus loomisi (17472 17727)
early Early Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Nanotragulus loomisi (156729)
early Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Nanotragulus sp. (36766)
late Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus sp. (18013)
late Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (California) Nanotragulus ordinatus (167853)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17603 93079)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Florida) Nanotragulus loomisi (17764)
Monroecreekian26.3 - 24.8USA (South Dakota) Nanotragulus sp. (17564)
Monroecreekian26.3 - 24.8USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus sequens (74154)
Monroecreekian26.3 - 24.8USA (Washington) Hypertragulus sp. (119838 119840)
Monroecreekian - Harrisonian26.3 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Hypertragulus calcaratus (17528)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (California) Hypertragulus hesperius (17742)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Nanotragulus loomisi (17743) Nanotragulus ordinatus (17454) Nanotragulus sp. (17445)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Nebraska) Nanotragulus matthewi (17846) Nanotragulus sp. (17805)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Montana) Nanotragulus sp. (17810)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Texas) Nanotragulus matthewi (17767 17768 17771 17775) Nanotragulus ordinatus (17836)
Harrisonian24.8 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Nanotragulus ordinatus (17794)
Harrisonian - Hemingfordian24.8 - 15.97USA (Montana) Hypertragulidae indet., Nanotragulus sp. (18811)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44USA (Texas) Hypertragulus sp. (18663)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Hypertragulus minor (17881)